Olive oil is an important source of mono-unsaturated fat and a prime component of the Mediterranean diet. The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and...Olive oil is an important source of mono-unsaturated fat and a prime component of the Mediterranean diet. The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and its high content of anti-oxidative substances. The objective of this study was to investigate the basis for the epidemiological information relating to the health benefits associated with the consumption of ex-tra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). The effect of olive oil on norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and gamm-aminobutyric acid (GABA) con-tents in different brain regions and histological structure of liver and kindey of male albino rats was studied. The chronic administration of olive oil (7.5 mg/kg body wt.) caused a significant increase in norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) , serotonin (5-HT) and gamm-aminobutyric acid (GABA) con-tent in different brain regions (Cerebellum, striatum, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, brain steam and hip-pocampus) of male albino rats. The increase in NE, DA, 5-HT, and GABA content in the different CNS areas of male albino rat may be due to the inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin binding which plays an important role in the release of these neurotransmitters. The results, also, revealed that urea and creatinne con-centrations in rats with oral administration with olive oil were decreased. Meanwhile, the activities of the enzymes AsT, AlT and ALP were elevated. The pre-sent results indicated that there is no change in tis-sues of kidney after treated with virgin olive oil. Olive oil may potentially be safe for use as a sedative drug. improvement also led to the reductions in risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.展开更多
Orphanin FQ (OFQ) is a new modulatory peptide which was found in 1994. It mediates in morphine analgesia and electroacupuncture analgesia. The interaction between OFQ and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on analgesia was ob...Orphanin FQ (OFQ) is a new modulatory peptide which was found in 1994. It mediates in morphine analgesia and electroacupuncture analgesia. The interaction between OFQ and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on analgesia was observed using the method of intracerebroventricular microinjection. The results showed that cumulative i. c.v. administration of gradually increasing doses of 5-HT produced a dose-dependent analgesia, and administration of different doses of OFQ separateness had no significant effect on tail flick latency, but 1 or 10 μg OFQ could reverse the analgesia induced by 5-HT, suggesting that OFQ could antagonize the analgesia induced by 5-HT in rat brain.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effects of echinacoside on the extracellular striatal levels of norepinephrine（NE）,dopamine（DA）,homovanillic acid（HVA）,3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanoid acid（DOPAC）,5-hydroxyindoleacetic...Objective To investigate the effects of echinacoside on the extracellular striatal levels of norepinephrine（NE）,dopamine（DA）,homovanillic acid（HVA）,3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanoid acid（DOPAC）,5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid（HIAA）,and 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT） in middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO rats.Methods The middle cerebral artery was occluded in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Three days later microdialysis probes were placed into the right striatum of MCAO rat brains and the brains were perfused with Ringer＇s solution at a rate of 1.5 μL/min.Cerebral microdialysates were collected every 30 minutes from awake and freely moving rats before assaying for NE,DA,HVA,DOPAC,HIAA,and 5-HT levels by reverse phase HPLC with electrochemistry.Results Three days after MCAO,the extracellular striatal levels of NE,DA,DOPAC,HIAA,HVA,and 5-HT of the MCAO rats increased significantly（at least P0.05 vs.control）.However,simultaneous treatment with echinacoside（30.0 or 15.0 mg/kg） attenuated these increases（at least P0.05 vs.non-treated model rats）.Conclusion These results imply that echinacoside may protect striatal dopa minergic neurons from the injury induced by MCAO and may help prevent and treat cerebral ischemic diseases.展开更多
Our previous work has demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays a role in pain modulation. The present study investigated which kinds of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in central nervous system might be ...Our previous work has demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays a role in pain modulation. The present study investigated which kinds of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in central nervous system might be involved in AVP antinociceptive role in the rat. The results showed that (1) intraventricular injection (icv) of V1 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP] and V2 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5[D-Ile2, Ile4, Ala9-NH2]AVP] blocked the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv), (2) the opiate recaptor antagonist (naloxone) reversed the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv), and (3) both the serotonin receptor antagonist (cypoheptadine) and M receptor antagonist (atropine) could attenuate the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv);but (4) oxytocin, dopamine, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), N, α or β receptor antagonist did not influence the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv). The data suggested that AVP antinociceptive role was involved in the endogenous opiate peptide, serotonin and acetylcholine systems in central nervous system.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Yokukansan(YKS) extract on two endogenous modulators of anxiety, brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and serotonin (5-HT)_(2A) receptors pharmacologically, in the ischemic rat m...OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Yokukansan(YKS) extract on two endogenous modulators of anxiety, brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and serotonin (5-HT)_(2A) receptors pharmacologically, in the ischemic rat model of dementia.METHODS: The cerebral ischemia(CI) was induced by bilateral occlusion of the vertebral and common carotid arteries(4-vessel occlusion ischemia). The CI was combined with the amyloid-β42 peptide(A42) injected intracerebroventricularly, and referreβdto as CI+Aβ. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by elevated plus maze(enclosed arm), light/dark transition test(dark chamber), and open-field test.Wet-dog shakes were induced by the 5-HT_(2A) receptor agonist 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine(DOI). The concentration of BDNF in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay.RESULTS: CI + Aβ increased anxiety, as demonstrated by the increase of time spent in the enclosed arms and dark chambers, and locomotion in the outer zone of the open field(thigmotaxis). CI + Adecreased the serum concentration of BDNF. YKS reβ-duced the anxiety-like behaviors, suppressed the DOI-induced wet-dog shakes and increased serum BDNF concentrations.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that YKS extract improves CI + Aβ-induced anxiety by antagonizing 5-HT_(2A) receptors and increasing BDNF.展开更多
文摘Olive oil is an important source of mono-unsaturated fat and a prime component of the Mediterranean diet. The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and its high content of anti-oxidative substances. The objective of this study was to investigate the basis for the epidemiological information relating to the health benefits associated with the consumption of ex-tra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). The effect of olive oil on norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and gamm-aminobutyric acid (GABA) con-tents in different brain regions and histological structure of liver and kindey of male albino rats was studied. The chronic administration of olive oil (7.5 mg/kg body wt.) caused a significant increase in norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) , serotonin (5-HT) and gamm-aminobutyric acid (GABA) con-tent in different brain regions (Cerebellum, striatum, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, brain steam and hip-pocampus) of male albino rats. The increase in NE, DA, 5-HT, and GABA content in the different CNS areas of male albino rat may be due to the inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin binding which plays an important role in the release of these neurotransmitters. The results, also, revealed that urea and creatinne con-centrations in rats with oral administration with olive oil were decreased. Meanwhile, the activities of the enzymes AsT, AlT and ALP were elevated. The pre-sent results indicated that there is no change in tis-sues of kidney after treated with virgin olive oil. Olive oil may potentially be safe for use as a sedative drug. improvement also led to the reductions in risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.
文摘Orphanin FQ (OFQ) is a new modulatory peptide which was found in 1994. It mediates in morphine analgesia and electroacupuncture analgesia. The interaction between OFQ and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on analgesia was observed using the method of intracerebroventricular microinjection. The results showed that cumulative i. c.v. administration of gradually increasing doses of 5-HT produced a dose-dependent analgesia, and administration of different doses of OFQ separateness had no significant effect on tail flick latency, but 1 or 10 μg OFQ could reverse the analgesia induced by 5-HT, suggesting that OFQ could antagonize the analgesia induced by 5-HT in rat brain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30560171,No.30860334)
文摘Objective To investigate the effects of echinacoside on the extracellular striatal levels of norepinephrine（NE）,dopamine（DA）,homovanillic acid（HVA）,3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanoid acid（DOPAC）,5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid（HIAA）,and 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT） in middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO rats.Methods The middle cerebral artery was occluded in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Three days later microdialysis probes were placed into the right striatum of MCAO rat brains and the brains were perfused with Ringer＇s solution at a rate of 1.5 μL/min.Cerebral microdialysates were collected every 30 minutes from awake and freely moving rats before assaying for NE,DA,HVA,DOPAC,HIAA,and 5-HT levels by reverse phase HPLC with electrochemistry.Results Three days after MCAO,the extracellular striatal levels of NE,DA,DOPAC,HIAA,HVA,and 5-HT of the MCAO rats increased significantly（at least P0.05 vs.control）.However,simultaneous treatment with echinacoside（30.0 or 15.0 mg/kg） attenuated these increases（at least P0.05 vs.non-treated model rats）.Conclusion These results imply that echinacoside may protect striatal dopa minergic neurons from the injury induced by MCAO and may help prevent and treat cerebral ischemic diseases.
文摘Our previous work has demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays a role in pain modulation. The present study investigated which kinds of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in central nervous system might be involved in AVP antinociceptive role in the rat. The results showed that (1) intraventricular injection (icv) of V1 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP] and V2 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5[D-Ile2, Ile4, Ala9-NH2]AVP] blocked the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv), (2) the opiate recaptor antagonist (naloxone) reversed the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv), and (3) both the serotonin receptor antagonist (cypoheptadine) and M receptor antagonist (atropine) could attenuate the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv);but (4) oxytocin, dopamine, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), N, α or β receptor antagonist did not influence the antinociceptive effect induced by AVP (icv). The data suggested that AVP antinociceptive role was involved in the endogenous opiate peptide, serotonin and acetylcholine systems in central nervous system.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Yokukansan(YKS) extract on two endogenous modulators of anxiety, brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and serotonin (5-HT)_(2A) receptors pharmacologically, in the ischemic rat model of dementia.METHODS: The cerebral ischemia(CI) was induced by bilateral occlusion of the vertebral and common carotid arteries(4-vessel occlusion ischemia). The CI was combined with the amyloid-β42 peptide(A42) injected intracerebroventricularly, and referreβdto as CI+Aβ. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by elevated plus maze(enclosed arm), light/dark transition test(dark chamber), and open-field test.Wet-dog shakes were induced by the 5-HT_(2A) receptor agonist 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine(DOI). The concentration of BDNF in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay.RESULTS: CI + Aβ increased anxiety, as demonstrated by the increase of time spent in the enclosed arms and dark chambers, and locomotion in the outer zone of the open field(thigmotaxis). CI + Adecreased the serum concentration of BDNF. YKS reβ-duced the anxiety-like behaviors, suppressed the DOI-induced wet-dog shakes and increased serum BDNF concentrations.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that YKS extract improves CI + Aβ-induced anxiety by antagonizing 5-HT_(2A) receptors and increasing BDNF.
