This paper investigates a simple approach proposed towards performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) which has potential applications to the performance-based design (PBD) and performance-based assessment (PBA) ...This paper investigates a simple approach proposed towards performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) which has potential applications to the performance-based design (PBD) and performance-based assessment (PBA) fields. The simple method of PBEE encompasses three areas of seismic risk which include seismic hazard, structural analysis, and loss models. The aim of the PBEE process, entitled as FEMA P-58, is to present essential data needed to make a rational decision regarding predicted performance, where various sources of uncertainties are involved. In developing countries, the lack of suitable real ground motions corresponding to site characteristics and seismicity particularly for larger intensities and the scarcity of demands, which makes it hard to identify the seismic capacity of a structure, is the main our motivation of using the FEMA method. In this paper, the method of FEMA P-58 is investigated, in terms of available tools and required data, in such a way that it will be applicable for developing countries which are located in high seismic hazard zones. To achieve this goal, three steel moment-resisting buildings with low and high ductility, and three steel braced-frame buildings are selected as case studies. The mean annual loss is estimated by the available software, Performance Assessment Calculation Tool (PACT). The achieved results, i.e. the loss curves, will provide a simple means by which the engineers can quantify and communicate seismic performance to other stakeholders. In the case study buildings, the braced one has less annual losses in comparison with other investigated cases, and the structure with high ductility can be considered as the next ones. Execution cost of each building should be considered by contractors. Also, seismic fragility curves of structures for various limit states, as well, the corresponding loss models are identified as the most essential data towards application of the investigated PBEE process.展开更多
FEMA P-58作为新一代建筑抗震性能评估方法,可给出精细到构件层级的地震损伤后果。然而,评估所需多源异构信息缺乏有效组织与关联,知识难以共享及重用,导致评估效率低下,自动化程度有待提高。文章在对FEMA P-58解读的基础上,提出一套基...FEMA P-58作为新一代建筑抗震性能评估方法,可给出精细到构件层级的地震损伤后果。然而,评估所需多源异构信息缺乏有效组织与关联,知识难以共享及重用,导致评估效率低下,自动化程度有待提高。文章在对FEMA P-58解读的基础上,提出一套基于建筑信息模型(building information modelling,简称BIM)和本体的建筑抗震性能评估方法。通过构建本体对评估所需信息进行统一组织;预处理工业基础类(industry foundation class,简称IFC)文件从BIM模型中获取建筑基本信息,并识别构件拓扑关系为自动化评估做准备;在BIM建模软件与结构分析软件间进行模型转换提高结构响应分析的效率和质量;借助SWRL(semantic web rule language)和SPARQL(SPARQL protocol and RDF query language)语言分别实现评估逻辑的合理表达以及语义层面的信息查询。该方法适用于建筑在现有评估类型下各性能指标的自动化预测,并具备可扩展性,为将来评估内容增删、更新提供空间。最后,以某一建筑为例进行可行性验证,取得较为满意的成果。展开更多
Recent earthquakes have revealed that conventional seismic design philosophy allows for large levels of nonstructural damage. Nonstructural earthquake damage results in extensive repair costs and lengthy functional di...Recent earthquakes have revealed that conventional seismic design philosophy allows for large levels of nonstructural damage. Nonstructural earthquake damage results in extensive repair costs and lengthy functional disruptions, as nonstructural systems comprise the majority of building investment and are essential to building operations. A better understanding of the expected overall seismic performance of code-compliant buildings is needed. This study investigates the seismic performance of a conventional building. A 16-storey steel office building was designed using a modern seismic structural code(Eurocode 8). This study is the first to assess in detail the substantial earthquake repair costs expected in a modern Eurocode concentric braced frame structure, considering nonstructural systems with the FEMA P-58 procedure. The breakdown of total repair costs by engineering demand parameter and by fragility group is novel. The seismic performance assessment indicated that substantial earthquake repair costs are expected. Limitations of the Eurocode nonstructural damage methodology were revealed in a novel manner using FEMA P-58, as the prescribed drift limits did not minimize nonstructural repair costs. These findings demonstrate the need for design procedures that improve nonstructural seismic performance. The study results provide a benchmark on which to evaluate retrofit alternatives for existing buildings and design options for new structures.展开更多
文摘This paper investigates a simple approach proposed towards performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) which has potential applications to the performance-based design (PBD) and performance-based assessment (PBA) fields. The simple method of PBEE encompasses three areas of seismic risk which include seismic hazard, structural analysis, and loss models. The aim of the PBEE process, entitled as FEMA P-58, is to present essential data needed to make a rational decision regarding predicted performance, where various sources of uncertainties are involved. In developing countries, the lack of suitable real ground motions corresponding to site characteristics and seismicity particularly for larger intensities and the scarcity of demands, which makes it hard to identify the seismic capacity of a structure, is the main our motivation of using the FEMA method. In this paper, the method of FEMA P-58 is investigated, in terms of available tools and required data, in such a way that it will be applicable for developing countries which are located in high seismic hazard zones. To achieve this goal, three steel moment-resisting buildings with low and high ductility, and three steel braced-frame buildings are selected as case studies. The mean annual loss is estimated by the available software, Performance Assessment Calculation Tool (PACT). The achieved results, i.e. the loss curves, will provide a simple means by which the engineers can quantify and communicate seismic performance to other stakeholders. In the case study buildings, the braced one has less annual losses in comparison with other investigated cases, and the structure with high ductility can be considered as the next ones. Execution cost of each building should be considered by contractors. Also, seismic fragility curves of structures for various limit states, as well, the corresponding loss models are identified as the most essential data towards application of the investigated PBEE process.
文摘FEMA P-58作为新一代建筑抗震性能评估方法,可给出精细到构件层级的地震损伤后果。然而,评估所需多源异构信息缺乏有效组织与关联,知识难以共享及重用,导致评估效率低下,自动化程度有待提高。文章在对FEMA P-58解读的基础上,提出一套基于建筑信息模型(building information modelling,简称BIM)和本体的建筑抗震性能评估方法。通过构建本体对评估所需信息进行统一组织;预处理工业基础类(industry foundation class,简称IFC)文件从BIM模型中获取建筑基本信息,并识别构件拓扑关系为自动化评估做准备;在BIM建模软件与结构分析软件间进行模型转换提高结构响应分析的效率和质量;借助SWRL(semantic web rule language)和SPARQL(SPARQL protocol and RDF query language)语言分别实现评估逻辑的合理表达以及语义层面的信息查询。该方法适用于建筑在现有评估类型下各性能指标的自动化预测,并具备可扩展性,为将来评估内容增删、更新提供空间。最后,以某一建筑为例进行可行性验证,取得较为满意的成果。
文摘Recent earthquakes have revealed that conventional seismic design philosophy allows for large levels of nonstructural damage. Nonstructural earthquake damage results in extensive repair costs and lengthy functional disruptions, as nonstructural systems comprise the majority of building investment and are essential to building operations. A better understanding of the expected overall seismic performance of code-compliant buildings is needed. This study investigates the seismic performance of a conventional building. A 16-storey steel office building was designed using a modern seismic structural code(Eurocode 8). This study is the first to assess in detail the substantial earthquake repair costs expected in a modern Eurocode concentric braced frame structure, considering nonstructural systems with the FEMA P-58 procedure. The breakdown of total repair costs by engineering demand parameter and by fragility group is novel. The seismic performance assessment indicated that substantial earthquake repair costs are expected. Limitations of the Eurocode nonstructural damage methodology were revealed in a novel manner using FEMA P-58, as the prescribed drift limits did not minimize nonstructural repair costs. These findings demonstrate the need for design procedures that improve nonstructural seismic performance. The study results provide a benchmark on which to evaluate retrofit alternatives for existing buildings and design options for new structures.
