Satellite communications, pivotal for global connectivity, are increasingly converging with cutting-edge mobile networks, notably 5G, B5G, and 6G. This amalgamation heralds the promise of universal, high-velocity comm...Satellite communications, pivotal for global connectivity, are increasingly converging with cutting-edge mobile networks, notably 5G, B5G, and 6G. This amalgamation heralds the promise of universal, high-velocity communication, yet it is not without its challenges. Paramount concerns encompass spectrum allocation, the harmonization of network architectures, and inherent latency issues in satellite transmissions. Potential mitigations, such as dynamic spectrum sharing and the deployment of edge computing, are explored as viable solutions. Looking ahead, the advent of quantum communications within satellite frameworks and the integration of AI spotlight promising research trajectories. These advancements aim to foster a seamless and synergistic coexistence between satellite communications and next-gen mobile networks.展开更多
The evolution of global mobile data over the past decades in broadcasting, Internet of Things (IoT), education, healthcare, commerce, and energy has put strong pressure on 3G/4G mobile networks to improve their servic...The evolution of global mobile data over the past decades in broadcasting, Internet of Things (IoT), education, healthcare, commerce, and energy has put strong pressure on 3G/4G mobile networks to improve their service offerings. These generations of mobile networks were initially invented to meet the requirements of the above-mentioned applications. However, as the requirements in these applications continue to increase, new mobile technologies such as 5G (fifth generation), 5G and beyond (B5G, beyond fifth generation), and 6G (sixth generation) are still progressing and being experimented. These networks are very heterogeneous generations of mobile networks that will have to offer very high throughput per user, good energy efficiency, better traffic capacity per area, improved spectral efficiency, very low latency, and high mobility. To meet these requirements, the radio interface of future mobile networks will have to be flexible and rationalized the available frequency resources. Therefore, new modulation methods, access techniques and waveforms capable of supporting these technological changes are proposed. This review presents brief descriptions of the types of 5G, B5G, and 6G waveforms. The 5G consists of OFDM including its transmission techniques: generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC), and index modulation (IM). Meanwhile, the 6G covers orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS), orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) and orthogonal time sequence multiplexing (OTSM). The networks’ potentialities, advantages, disadvantages, and future directions are outlined.展开更多
Key challenges for 5G and Beyond networks relate with the requirements for exceptionally low latency, high reliability, and extremely high data rates. The Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) use case is t...Key challenges for 5G and Beyond networks relate with the requirements for exceptionally low latency, high reliability, and extremely high data rates. The Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) use case is the trickiest to support and current research is focused on physical or MAC layer solutions, while proposals focused on the network layer using Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms running on base stations and User Equipment (UE) or Internet of Things (IoT) devices are in early stages. In this paper, we describe the operation rationale of the most recent relevant ML algorithms and techniques, and we propose and validate ML algorithms running on both cells (base stations/gNBs) and UEs or IoT devices to handle URLLC service control. One ML algorithm runs on base stations to evaluate latency demands and offload traffic in case of need, while another lightweight algorithm runs on UEs and IoT devices to rank cells with the best URLLC service in real-time to indicate the best one cell for a UE or IoT device to camp. We show that the interplay of these algorithms leads to good service control and eventually optimal load allocation, under slow load mobility. .展开更多
Cell-free(CF)multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)is a promising technique to enable the vision of ubiquitous wireless connectivity for next-generation network communications.Compared to traditional co-located massive ...Cell-free(CF)multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)is a promising technique to enable the vision of ubiquitous wireless connectivity for next-generation network communications.Compared to traditional co-located massive MIMO,CF MIMO allows geographically distributed access points(APs)to serve all users on the same time-frequency resource with spatial multiplexing techniques,resulting in better performance in terms of both spectral efficiency and coverage enhancement.However,the performance gain is achieved at the expense of deploying more APs with high cost and power consumption.To address this issue,the recently proposed reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)technique stands out with its unique advantages of low cost,low energy consumption and programmability.In this paper,we provide an overview of RIS-assisted CF MIMO and its interaction with advanced optimization designs and novel applications.Particularly,recent studies on typical performance metrics such as energy efficiency(EE)and spectral efficiency(SE)are surveyed.Besides,the application of RIS-assisted CF MIMO techniques in various future communication systems is also envisioned.Additionally,we briefly discuss the technical challenges and open problems for this area to inspire research direction and fully exploit its potential in meeting the demands of future wireless communication systems.展开更多
The device-to-device(D2D)networking technology is extended to the conventional cellular network to boost the communication efficiency of the entire network,forming a heterogeneous 5G and beyond(B5G)communication netwo...The device-to-device(D2D)networking technology is extended to the conventional cellular network to boost the communication efficiency of the entire network,forming a heterogeneous 5G and beyond(B5G)communication network.D2D communication in a cellular cell will boost the efficiency of the spectrum,increase the ability of the device,and reduce the communication burden of base stations through the sharing of approved cell resources,causing serious interference as well.The device-to-device(D2D)networking technology is extended to the conventional cellular network to boost the communication efficiency of the entire network,forming a heterogeneous 5G communication network.D2D communication in a cellular cell will boost the efficiency of the spectrum,increase the ability of the device,and reduce the communication burden of base stations through the sharing of approved cell resources,causing serious interference as well.This paper proposes an efficient algorithm to minimize interference,based on the parity of the number of antennas,to resolve this issue.The primary concept is to generate the cellular connection precoding matrix by minimizing the power of interference from the base station to non-targeted receivers.Then through the criterion of maximum SINR,the interference suppression matrix of the cellular connection is obtained.Finally,by removing intra-interference through linear interference alignment,the maximum degree of freedom is obtained.The results of the simulation show that the proposed algorithm efficiently increases the performance of the spectrum,decreases interference,improves the degrees of freedom and energy efficiency compared to current algorithms.展开更多
How to explore and exploit the full potential of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies in future wireless communications such as beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G is an extremely hot inter-disciplinary research topic around the ...How to explore and exploit the full potential of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies in future wireless communications such as beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G is an extremely hot inter-disciplinary research topic around the world.On the one hand,AI empowers intelligent resource management for wireless communications through powerful learning and automatic adaptation capabilities.On the other hand,embracing AI in wireless communication resource management calls for new network architecture and system models as well as standardized interfaces/protocols/data formats to facilitate the large-scale deployment of AI in future B5G/6G networks.This paper reviews the state-of-art AI-empowered resource management from the framework perspective down to the methodology perspective,not only considering the radio resource(e.g.,spectrum)management but also other types of resources such as computing and caching.We also discuss the challenges and opportunities for AI-based resource management to widely deploy AI in future wireless communication networks.展开更多
Joint radar and communication(JRC)technology has become important for civil and military applications for decades.This paper introduces the concepts,characteristics and advantages of JRC technology,presenting the typi...Joint radar and communication(JRC)technology has become important for civil and military applications for decades.This paper introduces the concepts,characteristics and advantages of JRC technology,presenting the typical applications that have benefited from JRC technology currently and in the future.This paper explores the state-of-the-art of JRC in the levels of coexistence,cooperation,co-design and collaboration.Compared to previous surveys,this paper reviews the entire trends that drive the development of radar sensing and wireless communication using JRC.Specifically,we explore an open research issue on radar and communication operating with mutual benefits based on collaboration,which represents the fourth stage of JRC evolution.This paper provides useful perspectives for future researches of JRC technology.展开更多
The intelligent information society,which is highly digitized,intelligence inspired,and globally data driven,will be deployed in the next decade.The next 6G wireless communication networks are the key to achieve this ...The intelligent information society,which is highly digitized,intelligence inspired,and globally data driven,will be deployed in the next decade.The next 6G wireless communication networks are the key to achieve this grand blueprint,which is expected to connect everything,provide full dimensional wireless coverage and integrate all functions to support full-vertical applications.Recent research reveals that intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)with wireless environment control capability is a promising technology for 6G networks.Specifically,IRS can intelligently control the wavefront,e.g.,the phase,amplitude,frequency,and even polarization by massive tunable elements,thus achieving fine-grained 3-D passive beamforming.In this paper,we first give a blueprint of the next 6G networks including the vision,typical scenarios,and key performance indicators(KPIs).Then,we provide an overview of IRS including the new signal model,hardware architecture,and competitive advantages in 6G networks.Besides,we discuss the potential application of IRS in the connectivity of 6G networks in detail,including intelligent and controllable wireless environment,ubiquitous connectivity,deep connectivity,and holographic connectivity.At last,we summarize the challenges of IRS application and deployment in 6G networks.As a timely review of IRS,our summary will be of interest to both researchers and practitioners engaging in IRS for 6G networks.展开更多
文摘Satellite communications, pivotal for global connectivity, are increasingly converging with cutting-edge mobile networks, notably 5G, B5G, and 6G. This amalgamation heralds the promise of universal, high-velocity communication, yet it is not without its challenges. Paramount concerns encompass spectrum allocation, the harmonization of network architectures, and inherent latency issues in satellite transmissions. Potential mitigations, such as dynamic spectrum sharing and the deployment of edge computing, are explored as viable solutions. Looking ahead, the advent of quantum communications within satellite frameworks and the integration of AI spotlight promising research trajectories. These advancements aim to foster a seamless and synergistic coexistence between satellite communications and next-gen mobile networks.
文摘The evolution of global mobile data over the past decades in broadcasting, Internet of Things (IoT), education, healthcare, commerce, and energy has put strong pressure on 3G/4G mobile networks to improve their service offerings. These generations of mobile networks were initially invented to meet the requirements of the above-mentioned applications. However, as the requirements in these applications continue to increase, new mobile technologies such as 5G (fifth generation), 5G and beyond (B5G, beyond fifth generation), and 6G (sixth generation) are still progressing and being experimented. These networks are very heterogeneous generations of mobile networks that will have to offer very high throughput per user, good energy efficiency, better traffic capacity per area, improved spectral efficiency, very low latency, and high mobility. To meet these requirements, the radio interface of future mobile networks will have to be flexible and rationalized the available frequency resources. Therefore, new modulation methods, access techniques and waveforms capable of supporting these technological changes are proposed. This review presents brief descriptions of the types of 5G, B5G, and 6G waveforms. The 5G consists of OFDM including its transmission techniques: generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC), and index modulation (IM). Meanwhile, the 6G covers orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS), orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) and orthogonal time sequence multiplexing (OTSM). The networks’ potentialities, advantages, disadvantages, and future directions are outlined.
文摘Key challenges for 5G and Beyond networks relate with the requirements for exceptionally low latency, high reliability, and extremely high data rates. The Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) use case is the trickiest to support and current research is focused on physical or MAC layer solutions, while proposals focused on the network layer using Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms running on base stations and User Equipment (UE) or Internet of Things (IoT) devices are in early stages. In this paper, we describe the operation rationale of the most recent relevant ML algorithms and techniques, and we propose and validate ML algorithms running on both cells (base stations/gNBs) and UEs or IoT devices to handle URLLC service control. One ML algorithm runs on base stations to evaluate latency demands and offload traffic in case of need, while another lightweight algorithm runs on UEs and IoT devices to rank cells with the best URLLC service in real-time to indicate the best one cell for a UE or IoT device to camp. We show that the interplay of these algorithms leads to good service control and eventually optimal load allocation, under slow load mobility. .
基金supported in part by ZTE Industry-University-Institute Co⁃operation Funds.
文摘Cell-free(CF)multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)is a promising technique to enable the vision of ubiquitous wireless connectivity for next-generation network communications.Compared to traditional co-located massive MIMO,CF MIMO allows geographically distributed access points(APs)to serve all users on the same time-frequency resource with spatial multiplexing techniques,resulting in better performance in terms of both spectral efficiency and coverage enhancement.However,the performance gain is achieved at the expense of deploying more APs with high cost and power consumption.To address this issue,the recently proposed reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)technique stands out with its unique advantages of low cost,low energy consumption and programmability.In this paper,we provide an overview of RIS-assisted CF MIMO and its interaction with advanced optimization designs and novel applications.Particularly,recent studies on typical performance metrics such as energy efficiency(EE)and spectral efficiency(SE)are surveyed.Besides,the application of RIS-assisted CF MIMO techniques in various future communication systems is also envisioned.Additionally,we briefly discuss the technical challenges and open problems for this area to inspire research direction and fully exploit its potential in meeting the demands of future wireless communication systems.
基金This study is funded by Fujitsu-Waseda Digital Annealer FWDA Research Project and Fujitsu Co-Creation Research Laboratory at Waseda University(Joint Research between Waseda University and Fujitsu Lab).The study was also partly supported by the School of Fundamental Science and Engineering,Faculty of Science and Engineering,Waseda University,Japan.
文摘The device-to-device(D2D)networking technology is extended to the conventional cellular network to boost the communication efficiency of the entire network,forming a heterogeneous 5G and beyond(B5G)communication network.D2D communication in a cellular cell will boost the efficiency of the spectrum,increase the ability of the device,and reduce the communication burden of base stations through the sharing of approved cell resources,causing serious interference as well.The device-to-device(D2D)networking technology is extended to the conventional cellular network to boost the communication efficiency of the entire network,forming a heterogeneous 5G communication network.D2D communication in a cellular cell will boost the efficiency of the spectrum,increase the ability of the device,and reduce the communication burden of base stations through the sharing of approved cell resources,causing serious interference as well.This paper proposes an efficient algorithm to minimize interference,based on the parity of the number of antennas,to resolve this issue.The primary concept is to generate the cellular connection precoding matrix by minimizing the power of interference from the base station to non-targeted receivers.Then through the criterion of maximum SINR,the interference suppression matrix of the cellular connection is obtained.Finally,by removing intra-interference through linear interference alignment,the maximum degree of freedom is obtained.The results of the simulation show that the proposed algorithm efficiently increases the performance of the spectrum,decreases interference,improves the degrees of freedom and energy efficiency compared to current algorithms.
文摘How to explore and exploit the full potential of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies in future wireless communications such as beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G is an extremely hot inter-disciplinary research topic around the world.On the one hand,AI empowers intelligent resource management for wireless communications through powerful learning and automatic adaptation capabilities.On the other hand,embracing AI in wireless communication resource management calls for new network architecture and system models as well as standardized interfaces/protocols/data formats to facilitate the large-scale deployment of AI in future B5G/6G networks.This paper reviews the state-of-art AI-empowered resource management from the framework perspective down to the methodology perspective,not only considering the radio resource(e.g.,spectrum)management but also other types of resources such as computing and caching.We also discuss the challenges and opportunities for AI-based resource management to widely deploy AI in future wireless communication networks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61631003, 61601055)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 61525101)
文摘Joint radar and communication(JRC)technology has become important for civil and military applications for decades.This paper introduces the concepts,characteristics and advantages of JRC technology,presenting the typical applications that have benefited from JRC technology currently and in the future.This paper explores the state-of-the-art of JRC in the levels of coexistence,cooperation,co-design and collaboration.Compared to previous surveys,this paper reviews the entire trends that drive the development of radar sensing and wireless communication using JRC.Specifically,we explore an open research issue on radar and communication operating with mutual benefits based on collaboration,which represents the fourth stage of JRC evolution.This paper provides useful perspectives for future researches of JRC technology.
基金This work was supported in part by Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Southeast University under Grant 2021D04Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and Innovation Fund of Xidian University.
文摘The intelligent information society,which is highly digitized,intelligence inspired,and globally data driven,will be deployed in the next decade.The next 6G wireless communication networks are the key to achieve this grand blueprint,which is expected to connect everything,provide full dimensional wireless coverage and integrate all functions to support full-vertical applications.Recent research reveals that intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)with wireless environment control capability is a promising technology for 6G networks.Specifically,IRS can intelligently control the wavefront,e.g.,the phase,amplitude,frequency,and even polarization by massive tunable elements,thus achieving fine-grained 3-D passive beamforming.In this paper,we first give a blueprint of the next 6G networks including the vision,typical scenarios,and key performance indicators(KPIs).Then,we provide an overview of IRS including the new signal model,hardware architecture,and competitive advantages in 6G networks.Besides,we discuss the potential application of IRS in the connectivity of 6G networks in detail,including intelligent and controllable wireless environment,ubiquitous connectivity,deep connectivity,and holographic connectivity.At last,we summarize the challenges of IRS application and deployment in 6G networks.As a timely review of IRS,our summary will be of interest to both researchers and practitioners engaging in IRS for 6G networks.
