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Information Centric Networking Based Cooperative Caching Framework for 5G Communication Systems
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作者 R.Mahaveerakannan Thanarajan Tamilvizhi +2 位作者 Sonia Jenifer Rayen Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf Habib Hamam 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第9期3945-3966,共22页
The demands on conventional communication networks are increasing rapidly because of the exponential expansion of connected multimedia content.In light of the data-centric aspect of contemporary communication,the info... The demands on conventional communication networks are increasing rapidly because of the exponential expansion of connected multimedia content.In light of the data-centric aspect of contemporary communication,the information-centric network(ICN)paradigm offers hope for a solution by emphasizing content retrieval by name instead of location.If 5G networks are to meet the expected data demand surge from expanded connectivity and Internet of Things(IoT)devices,then effective caching solutions will be required tomaximize network throughput andminimize the use of resources.Hence,an ICN-based Cooperative Caching(ICN-CoC)technique has been used to select a cache by considering cache position,content attractiveness,and rate prediction.The findings show that utilizing our suggested approach improves caching regarding the Cache Hit Ratio(CHR)of 84.3%,Average Hop Minimization Ratio(AHMR)of 89.5%,and Mean Access Latency(MAL)of 0.4 s.Within a framework,it suggests improved caching strategies to handle the difficulty of effectively controlling data consumption in 5G networks.These improvements aim to make the network run more smoothly by enhancing content delivery,decreasing latency,and relieving congestion.By improving 5G communication systems’capacity tomanage the demands faced by modern data-centric applications,the research ultimately aids in advancement. 展开更多
关键词 Information-centric networking caching schemes 5g communication non-negative matrix factorization(NMF) weighted clustering algorithm
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TCP-LTE/5G Cross-layer performance analysis tool for high mobility data networking and a case study on high-speed railway
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作者 Ruihan Li Yueyang Pan +2 位作者 Xiangtian Ma Haotian Xu Chenren Xu 《High-Speed Railway》 2023年第2期141-146,共6页
Nowadays,high mobility scenarios have become increasingly common.The widespread adoption of High-speed Rail(HSR)in China exemplifies this trend,while more promising use cases,such as vehicle-to-everything,continue to ... Nowadays,high mobility scenarios have become increasingly common.The widespread adoption of High-speed Rail(HSR)in China exemplifies this trend,while more promising use cases,such as vehicle-to-everything,continue to emerge.However,the Internet access provided in high mobility environments stllstruggles to achieve seamless connectivity.The next generation of wireless cellular technology 5 G further poses more requirements on the endto-end evolution to fully utilize its ultra-high band-width,while existing network diagnostic tools focus on above-IP layers or below-IP layers only.We then propose HiMoDiag,which enables flexible online analysis of the network performance in a cross-layer manner,i.e.,from the top(application layer)to the bottom(physical layer).We believe HiMoDiag could greatly simplify the process of pinpointing the deficiencies of the Internet access delivery on HSR,lead to more timely optimization and ultimately help to improve the network performance. 展开更多
关键词 LTE 5g Cellular networks High mobility TCP network diagnostics high-speed railway
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Adaptive Resource Allocation Algorithm for 5G Vehicular Cloud Communication
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作者 Huanhuan Li Hongchang Wei +1 位作者 Zheliang Chen Yue Xu 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第8期2199-2219,共21页
The current resource allocation in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication faces several challenges,such as low user utilization,unbalanced resource allocation,and extended adaptive allocation time.We pro... The current resource allocation in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication faces several challenges,such as low user utilization,unbalanced resource allocation,and extended adaptive allocation time.We propose an adaptive allocation algorithm for mobile cloud communication resources in 5G vehicular networks to address these issues.This study analyzes the components of the 5G vehicular network architecture to determine the performance of different components.It is ascertained that the communication modes in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication include in-band and out-of-band modes.Furthermore,this study analyzes the single-hop and multi-hop modes in mobile cloud communication and calculates the resource transmission rate and bandwidth in different communication modes.The study also determines the scenario of one-way and two-way vehicle lane cloud communication network connectivity,calculates the probability of vehicle network connectivity under different mobile cloud communication radii,and determines the amount of cloud communication resources required by vehicles in different lane scenarios.Based on the communication status of users in 5G vehicular networks,this study calculates the bandwidth and transmission rate of the allocated channels using Shannon’s formula.It determines the adaptive allocation of cloud communication resources,introduces an objective function to obtain the optimal solution after allocation,and completes the adaptive allocation process.The experimental results demonstrate that,with the application of the proposed method,the maximum utilization of user communication resources reaches approximately 99%.The balance coefficient curve approaches 1,and the allocation time remains under 2 s.This indicates that the proposed method has higher adaptive allocation efficiency. 展开更多
关键词 5g vehicular networks mobile cloud communication resource allocation channel capacity network connectivity communication radius objective function
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Study on 5G Application Scenarios in Intelligent High-Speed Railway
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作者 LI Ping LUAN Zhong +3 位作者 LIU Ziyuan CHENG Zhibo XIE Chenhui ZHANG Yiran 《Chinese Railways》 2023年第1期45-53,共9页
5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intellige... 5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intelligent equipment,intelligent operation and in other fields.In order to promote the standardized application of 5G technology in intelligent HSRs in a scientific and orderly manner and to avoid redundant construction and wasteful investment,it is imperative to carry out a systematical top-level design of the application scenarios at the initial stage.To this end,after investigating and analyzing the 5G application demands in different aspects of HSRs and the general structure of the railway 5G network,this paper formulates an overall planning of 5G technology application scenarios and proposes solutions to some typical application scenarios in the intelligent HSR system,based on the architecture and requirements of the intelligent HSR system. 展开更多
关键词 intelligent high-speed railway 5g technology communication application scenarios
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Towards Fully Secure 5G Ultra-Low Latency Communications: A Cost-Security Functions Analysis
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作者 Borja Bordel Ramón Alcarria +3 位作者 Joaquin Chung Rajkumar Kettimuthu Tomás Robles Iván Armuelles 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2023年第1期855-880,共26页
Future components to enhance the basic,native security of 5G networks are either complex mechanisms whose impact in the requiring 5G communications are not considered,or lightweight solutions adapted to ultrareliable ... Future components to enhance the basic,native security of 5G networks are either complex mechanisms whose impact in the requiring 5G communications are not considered,or lightweight solutions adapted to ultrareliable low-latency communications(URLLC)but whose security properties remain under discussion.Although different 5G network slices may have different requirements,in general,both visions seem to fall short at provisioning secure URLLC in the future.In this work we address this challenge,by introducing cost-security functions as a method to evaluate the performance and adequacy of most developed and employed non-native enhanced security mechanisms in 5G networks.We categorize those new security components into different groups according to their purpose and deployment scope.We propose to analyze them in the context of existing 5G architectures using two different approaches.First,using model checking techniques,we will evaluate the probability of an attacker to be successful against each security solution.Second,using analytical models,we will analyze the impact of these security mechanisms in terms of delay,throughput consumption,and reliability.Finally,we will combine both approaches using stochastic cost-security functions and the PRISM model checker to create a global picture.Our results are first evidence of how a 5G network that covers and strengthened all security areas through enhanced,dedicated non-native mechanisms could only guarantee secure URLLC with a probability of∼55%. 展开更多
关键词 5g networks security analysis secure low latency communicationS URLLC eMBBC
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Resource Allocation and Optimization in Device-to-Device Communication 5G Networks
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作者 Fahad Ahmed Al-Zahrani Imran Khan +2 位作者 Mahdi Zareei Asim Zeb Abdul Waheed 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第10期1201-1214,共14页
The next-generation wireless networks are expected to provide higher capacity,system throughput with improved energy efficiency.One of the key technologies,to meet the demand for high-rate transmission,is deviceto-dev... The next-generation wireless networks are expected to provide higher capacity,system throughput with improved energy efficiency.One of the key technologies,to meet the demand for high-rate transmission,is deviceto-device(D2D)communication which allows users who are close to communicating directly instead of transiting through base stations,and D2D communication users to share the cellular user chain under the control of the cellular network.As a new generation of cellular network technology,D2D communication technology has the advantages of improving spectrum resource utilization and improving system throughput and has become one of the key technologies that have been widely concerned in the industry.However,due to the sharing of cellular network resources,D2D communication causes severe interference to existing cellular systems.One of the most important factors in D2D communication is the spectrum resources utilization and energy consumption which needs considerable attention from research scholars.To address these issues,this paper proposes an efficient algorithm based on the idea of particle swarm optimization.The main idea is to maximize the energy efficiency based on the overall link optimization of D2D user pairs by generating an allocation matrix of spectrum and power.The D2D users are enabled to reuse multiple cellular user’s resources by enhancing their total energy efficiency based on the quality of service constraints and the modification of location and speed in particle swarm.Such constraint also provides feasibility to solve the original fractional programming problem.Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme effectively improved the energy efficiency and spectrum utilization as compared with other competing alternatives. 展开更多
关键词 5g networks D2D communication resource allocation
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From Earth to Space:A First Deployment of 5G Core Network on Satellite 被引量:5
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作者 Ruolin Xing Xiao Ma +2 位作者 Ao Zhou Schahram Dustdar Shangguang Wang 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第4期315-325,共11页
Recent developments in the aerospace industry have led to a dramatic reduction in the manufacturing and launch costs of low Earth orbit satellites.The new trend enables the paradigm shift of satelliteterrestrial integ... Recent developments in the aerospace industry have led to a dramatic reduction in the manufacturing and launch costs of low Earth orbit satellites.The new trend enables the paradigm shift of satelliteterrestrial integrated networks with global coverage.In particular,the integration of 5G communication systems and satellites has the potential to restructure nextgeneration mobile networks.By leveraging the network function virtualization and network slicing,the satellite 5G core networks will facilitate the coordination and management of network functions in satellite-terrestrial integrated networks.We are the first to deploy a 5G core network on a real-world satellite to investigate its feasibility.We conducted experiments to validate the satellite 5G core network functions.The validated procedures include registration and session setup procedures.The results show that the satellite 5G core network can function normally and generate correct signaling. 展开更多
关键词 5g core network satellite communications satellite Internet
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Architecture for Cellular Enabled Integrated Communication and Sensing Services 被引量:2
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作者 Bo Liu Qixun Zhang +5 位作者 Zheng Jiang Dongsheng Xue Chenlong Xu Bowen Wang Xiaoming She Jinlin Peng 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第9期59-77,共19页
There is growing interest in the integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)to extend the 5G+/6G network capabilities by introducing sensing capability.While the solutions for mono-static or bi-static ISAC have shown f... There is growing interest in the integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)to extend the 5G+/6G network capabilities by introducing sensing capability.While the solutions for mono-static or bi-static ISAC have shown feasibility and benefits based on existing 5G physical layer design,whether and how to coordinate multiple ISAC devices to better exert networking performance are rarely discussed.3 rd Partnership Project(3GPP)has initiated the ISAC use cases study,and the follow-up studies for network architecture could be anticipated.In this article,we focus on gNB-based sensing mode and propose ISAC functional framework with given of highlevel service procedures to enable cellular based ISAC services.In the proposed ISAC framework,three types of network functions for sensing service as Sensing Function(SF),lightweight-Edge Sensing Function(ESF)and full-version-ESF are designed with interaction with network nodes to fulfill the latency requirements of ISAC use cases.Finally,with simulation evaluations and hardware testbed results,we further verify the performance benefit and feasibility to enable ISAC in 5G for the gNB-based sensing mode with new design on SF and related signaling protocols. 展开更多
关键词 integrated sensing and communication(ISAC) network architecture 5g system
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A 5G Perspective of an SDN-Based Privacy-Preserving Scheme for IoT Networks 被引量:1
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作者 Isaac Appiah Xiaoming Jiang +1 位作者 Edward Kwadwo Boahen Ebenezer Owusu 《International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences》 2023年第8期169-190,共22页
The ever-increasing needs of Internet of Things networks (IoTn) present considerable issues in computing complexity, security, trust, and authentication, among others. This gets increasingly more challenging as techno... The ever-increasing needs of Internet of Things networks (IoTn) present considerable issues in computing complexity, security, trust, and authentication, among others. This gets increasingly more challenging as technology advances, and its use expands. As a consequence, boosting the capacity of these networks has garnered widespread attention. As a result, 5G, the next phase of cellular networks, is expected to be a game-changer, bringing with it faster data transmission rates, more capacity, improved service quality, and reduced latency. However, 5G networks continue to confront difficulties in establishing pervasive and dependable connections amongst high-speed IoT devices. Thus, to address the shortcomings in current recommendations, we present a unified architecture based on software-defined networks (SDNs) that provides 5G-enabled devices that must have complete secrecy. Through SDN, the architecture streamlines network administration while optimizing network communications. A mutual authentication protocol using elliptic curve cryptography is introduced for mutual authentication across certificate authorities and clustered heads in IoT network deployments based on IoT. Again, a dimensionality reduction intrusion detection mechanism is introduced to decrease computational cost and identify possible network breaches. However, to leverage the method’s potential, the initial module's security is reviewed. The second module is evaluated and compared to modern models. 展开更多
关键词 Internet of Things 5g SDNs Security and Privacy INTRUSION network communications
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Scheme of Railway 5G Integrated Innovation Test Platform
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作者 CHAI Jinchuan ZHENG Mingda 《Chinese Railways》 2023年第1期62-70,共9页
An inevitable trend has already taken shape for the application of the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)in the railway sector.The application scenarios and business types of the railway sector are com... An inevitable trend has already taken shape for the application of the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)in the railway sector.The application scenarios and business types of the railway sector are complex and diverse,so it is indispensable to test and verify the railway 5G before actual deployment.The design and creation of the railway 5G integrated innovation test platform provides engineering design,test and verification conditions for the networking,coverage and business development of 5G public networks and 5G-R in railway scenarios.This paper introduces the design of the overall architecture for the integrated railway 5G innovation test platform according to the railway network requirements,application scenarios and intelligent development trend;respectively elaborates on the design of the 5G-R core network,bearer network and wireless access along loop tracks,in combination with the characteristics of railway scenarios and the requirements of railway dispatching,operation and safety;raises further solutions on the network deployment and coverage schemes of 5G public networks so as to meet the application requirements of 5G public networks.The study results show that the integrated railway 5G innovation test platform scheme contains co-existence of 5G public and private networks,combines the indoor and outdoor scenarios,as well as takes into account of the dynamic and static tests so as to meet the environmental requirements for the integrated railway 5G test and application of all network functions,for which it can provide comprehensive technical support for railway 5G technology research and development,standard formulation,testing,etc. 展开更多
关键词 railway communication 5g public network 5g-R integrated innovation test platform
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Tackling Key Technological Problems and Advancing 5G Technology Application in Railway
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作者 ZHOU Li ZHENG Mingda 《Chinese Railways》 2023年第1期3-12,共10页
The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technica... The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technical routes of railway next-generation mobile communication determined by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.From the aspects of work objectives,principles,technical routes and innovative working methods,the paper elaborates the ideas of railway 5G scientific and technological research,puts forward the contents and plans of scientific and technological research on railway 5G private network,systematically organizes the achievements in the scientific and technological research stage of railway 5G private network,and sets forth the key contents of next-step scientific and technological research. 展开更多
关键词 railway mobile communication system railway 5g private network tackling key problems in science and technology on 5g private network
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5G High Mobility Wireless Communications: Challenges and Solutions 被引量:19
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作者 Pingzhi Fan Jing Zhao Chih-Lin I 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第S2期1-13,共13页
The fifth generation(5G) network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections,to achieve better spectrum- and energy-efficiency,as well as quality of... The fifth generation(5G) network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections,to achieve better spectrum- and energy-efficiency,as well as quality of service(QoS) in terms of delay,reliability and security.Furthermore,the 5G network shall also incorporate high mobility requirements as an integral part,providing satisfactory service to users travelling at a speed up to 500 km/h.This paper provides a survey of potential high mobility wireless communication(HMWC) techniques for 5G network.After discussing the typical requirements and challenges of HMWC,key techniques to cope with the challenges are reviewed,including transmission techniques under the fast timevarying channels,network architecture with mobility support,and mobility management.Finally,future research directions on 5G high mobility communications are given. 展开更多
关键词 5g high mobility wireless communications fast time-varying channel network architecture mobility management
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Toward 6G Communication Networks:Terahertz Frequency Challenges and Open Research Issues 被引量:2
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作者 Mohammed H.Alsharif Mahmoud A.M Albreem +1 位作者 Ahmad A.A Solyman Sunghwan Kim 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第3期2831-2842,共12页
Future networks communication scenarios by the 2030s will include notable applications are three-dimensional(3D)calls,haptics communications,unmanned mobility,tele-operated driving,bio-internet of things,and the Nanoi... Future networks communication scenarios by the 2030s will include notable applications are three-dimensional(3D)calls,haptics communications,unmanned mobility,tele-operated driving,bio-internet of things,and the Nanointernet of things.Unlike the current scenario in which megahertz bandwidth are sufficient to drive the audio and video components of user applications,the future networks of the 2030s will require bandwidths in several gigahertzes(GHz)(from tens of gigahertz to 1 terahertz[THz])to perform optimally.Based on the current radio frequency allocation chart,it is not possible to obtain such a wide contiguous radio spectrum below 90 GHz(0.09 THz).Interestingly,these contiguous blocks of radio spectrum are readily available in the higher electromagnetic spectrum,specifically in the Terahertz(THz)frequency band.The major contribution of this study is discussing the substantial issues and key features of THz waves,which include(i)key features and significance of THz frequency;(ii)recent regulatory;(iii)the most promising applications;and(iv)possible open research issues.These research topics were deeply investigated with the aim of providing a specific,synopsis,and encompassing conclusion.Thus,this article will be as a catalyst towards exploring new frontiers for future networks of the 2030s. 展开更多
关键词 Wireless networks beyond 5g 6g communications terahertz waves terahertz frequency terahertz communications
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Milestones of Wireless Communication Networks and Technology Prospect of Next Generation(6G) 被引量:1
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作者 Mohammed H.Alsharif Md.Sanwar Hossain +3 位作者 Abu Jahid Muhammad Asghar Khan Bong Jun Choi Samih M.Mostafa 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2022年第6期4803-4818,共16页
Since around 1980,a new generation of wireless technology has arisen approximately every 10 years.First-generation(1G)and secondgeneration(2G)began with voice and eventually introduced more and more data in third-gene... Since around 1980,a new generation of wireless technology has arisen approximately every 10 years.First-generation(1G)and secondgeneration(2G)began with voice and eventually introduced more and more data in third-generation(3G)and became highly popular in the fourthgeneration(4G).To increase the data rate along with low latency and mass connectivity the fifth-generation(5G)networks are being installed from 2020.However,the 5G technology will not be able to fulfill the data demand at the end of this decade.Therefore,it is expected that 6G communication networks will rise,providing better services through the implementation of new enabling technologies and allowing users to connect everywhere.6G technology would not be confined to cellular communications networks,but would also comply with non-terrestrial communication system requirements,such as satellite communication.The ultimate objectives of this work are to address the major challenges of the evolution of cellular communication networks and to discourse the recent growth of the industry based on the key scopes of application and challenges.The main areas of research topics are summarized into(i)major 6G wireless networkmilestones;(ii)key performance indicators;(iii)future new applications;and(iv)potential fields of research,challenges,and open issues. 展开更多
关键词 Wireless networks beyond 5g 6g communications terahertz frequency terahertz communications holographic calls
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Future 5G-Oriented System for Urban Rail Transit:Opportunities and Challenges 被引量:20
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作者 Junhui Zhao Jin Liu +2 位作者 Lihua Yang Bo Ai Shanjin Ni 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第2期1-12,共12页
As a development direction of urban rail transit system,the train autonomous circumambulate system(TACS)can operate in a safer,more efficient,and more economical mode.However,most urban rail transit systems transmit s... As a development direction of urban rail transit system,the train autonomous circumambulate system(TACS)can operate in a safer,more efficient,and more economical mode.However,most urban rail transit systems transmit signals through industrial,scientific,and medical(ISM)frequency bands or narrow frequency bands,which cannot meet the requirements of TACS.As a promising solution,the 5th generation(5G)mobile communication provides more services for the future urban rail transit systems,and covers the shortages of exiting communication technologies in terms of capacity and reliability.In this paper,we first briefly review the research status of current train control system and introduce its limitations.Next,we propose a novel network architecture,and present new technologies and requirements of the proposed architecture for TACS.Some potential challenges are then discussed to give insights for further research of TACS. 展开更多
关键词 urban rail transit train autonomous circumambulate system(TACS) prospective review the 5th-generation(5g) train to train(T2T)communication reinforcement learning(RL)
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Multi-Gigabit CO-OFDM System over SMF and MMF Links for 5G URLLC Backhaul Network 被引量:2
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作者 Amir Haider MuhibUr Rahman +2 位作者 Tayyaba Khan Muhammad Tabish Niaz Hyung Seok Kim 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第5期1747-1758,共12页
The 5G cellular network aims at providing three major services:Massive machine-type communication(mMTC),ultra-reliable low-latency communications(URLLC),and enhanced-mobile-broadband(eMBB).Among these services,the URL... The 5G cellular network aims at providing three major services:Massive machine-type communication(mMTC),ultra-reliable low-latency communications(URLLC),and enhanced-mobile-broadband(eMBB).Among these services,the URLLC and eMBB require strict end-to-end latency of 1 ms while maintaining 99.999%reliability,and availability of extremely high data rates for the users,respectively.One of the critical challenges in meeting these requirements is to upgrade the existing optical fiber backhaul network interconnecting the base stations with a multigigabit capacity,low latency and very high reliability system.To address this issue,we have numerically analyzed 100 Gbit/s coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(CO-OFDM)transmission performance over 400 km single-mode fiber(SMF)and 100 km of multi-mode fiber(MMF)links.The system is simulated over optically repeated and non-repeated SMF and MMF links.Coherent transmission is used,and the system is analyzed in a linear and non-linear regime.The system performance is quantified by bit error ratio(BER).Spectrally efficient and optimal transmission performance is achieved for 400 km SMF and 100 km MMF link.The results designate thatMMF links can be employed beyond short reach applications by using them in the existing SMF infrastructure for long haul transmission.In particular,the proposed CO-OFDM system can be efficiently employed in 5G backhaul network.The multi-gigabit capacity and lower BER of the proposed system makes it a suitable candidate especially for the eMBB and URLLC requirements for 5G backhaul network. 展开更多
关键词 CO-OFDM coherent transmission spectrally efficient optical communication optical networks dispersion eMBB URLLC 5g backhaul
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A Collaborative Machine Learning Scheme for Traffic Allocation and Load Balancing for URLLC Service in 5G and Beyond
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作者 Andreas G. Papidas George C. Polyzos 《Journal of Computer and Communications》 2023年第11期197-207,共11页
Key challenges for 5G and Beyond networks relate with the requirements for exceptionally low latency, high reliability, and extremely high data rates. The Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) use case is t... Key challenges for 5G and Beyond networks relate with the requirements for exceptionally low latency, high reliability, and extremely high data rates. The Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) use case is the trickiest to support and current research is focused on physical or MAC layer solutions, while proposals focused on the network layer using Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms running on base stations and User Equipment (UE) or Internet of Things (IoT) devices are in early stages. In this paper, we describe the operation rationale of the most recent relevant ML algorithms and techniques, and we propose and validate ML algorithms running on both cells (base stations/gNBs) and UEs or IoT devices to handle URLLC service control. One ML algorithm runs on base stations to evaluate latency demands and offload traffic in case of need, while another lightweight algorithm runs on UEs and IoT devices to rank cells with the best URLLC service in real-time to indicate the best one cell for a UE or IoT device to camp. We show that the interplay of these algorithms leads to good service control and eventually optimal load allocation, under slow load mobility. . 展开更多
关键词 5g and B5g networks Ultra Reliable Low Latency communications (URLLC) Machine Learning (ML) for 5g Temporal Difference Methods (TDM) Monte Carlo Methods Policy gradient Methods
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Satellite E2E Network Slicing Based on 5G Technology 被引量:1
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作者 ZHANG Jing WEI Xiao +1 位作者 CHENG Junfeng FENG Xu 《ZTE Communications》 2020年第4期26-33,共8页
We investigate the design of satellite network slicing for the first time to provide customized services for the diversified applications,and propose a novel scheme for satellite end-to-end(E2E) network slicing based ... We investigate the design of satellite network slicing for the first time to provide customized services for the diversified applications,and propose a novel scheme for satellite end-to-end(E2E) network slicing based on 5G technology,which provides a view of common satellite network slicing and supports flexible network deployment between the satellite and the ground.Specifically,considering the limited satellite network resource and the characteristics of the satellite channel,we propose a novel satellite E2E network slicing architecture.Therein,the deployment of the network functions between the satellite and the ground is coordinately considered.Subsequently,the classification and the isolation technologies of satellite network sub-slices are proposed adaptively based on 5G technology to support resource allocation on demand.Then,we develop the management technologies for the satellite E2E network slicing including slicing key performance indicator(KPI) design,slicing deployment,and slicing management.Finally,the analysis of the challenges and future work shows the potential research in the future. 展开更多
关键词 satellite communications E2E network slicing diversified applications 5g technology
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Multi-Hop Transmission Method of 5G Millimeter Wave Relay Based on Network Coding
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作者 Yilin Wang Weisheng He +3 位作者 Xuwei Fan Lianfen Huang Jie Yang Yuliang Tang 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第12期14-26,共13页
With the rapid development of the Internet technology,millimeter wave(mmWave)will be used as a supplement to 5G low frequency bands to meet the extremely high system capacity requirements of 5G in hot spots.Although 5... With the rapid development of the Internet technology,millimeter wave(mmWave)will be used as a supplement to 5G low frequency bands to meet the extremely high system capacity requirements of 5G in hot spots.Although 5G mmWave communication can adapt to the needs of 5G network and carry a large amount of transmitted data,transmission stability has become one of the key technical issues of 5G network mmWave communication due to problems such as strong attenuation and poor penetration of mmWave.In order to improve the efficiency of the mmWave multi-hop transmission,we propose a 5G mmWave multi-hop transmission method based on network coding,which can adapt to the current wireless network environment,improve spectrum efficiency and increase network throughput.Based on MATLAB simulation experiments,it is verified that the proposed method can greatly improve the transmission efficiency and reduce the signal loss under the premise of ensuring the accurate signal transmission. 展开更多
关键词 5g network millimeter wave relay multihop communication network coding
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Investigation and Technological Comparison of 4G and 5G Networks
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作者 Yunman Hao 《Journal of Computer and Communications》 2021年第1期36-43,共8页
Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars havin... Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars having their “over the air updates”. Both of these two companies use the 4G and 5G technology. So this report will include a technical overview of the technology and protocols (LTE Advanced) used in 4G and 5G networks and how they provide services to the user and how data is transferred within the networks. And there are lots of different parts about the network architecture between the 4G and 5G systems. This report will talk about some different parts between these two systems and some challenges in them. 展开更多
关键词 4g 5g Protocols networkS Mobile communication
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