Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that ...Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.展开更多
The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technica...The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technical routes of railway next-generation mobile communication determined by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.From the aspects of work objectives,principles,technical routes and innovative working methods,the paper elaborates the ideas of railway 5G scientific and technological research,puts forward the contents and plans of scientific and technological research on railway 5G private network,systematically organizes the achievements in the scientific and technological research stage of railway 5G private network,and sets forth the key contents of next-step scientific and technological research.展开更多
With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to res...With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to respond to the growing demand of users.This rapid evolution has given the operators to adapt,their methods to the new technologies that increase.This complexity becomes more important,when these networks include several technologies to access different from the heterogeneous network like in the 4G network.The dimensional new challenges tell the application and the considerable increase in demand for services and the compatibility with existing networks,the management of mobility intercellular of users and it offers a better quality of services.Thus,the proposed solution to meet these new requirements is the sizing of the EPC(Evolved Packet Core)core network to support the 5G access network.For the case of Orange Guinea,this involves setting up an architecture for interconnecting the core networks of Sonfonia and Camayenne.The objectives of our work are of two orders:(1)to propose these solutions and recommendations for the heart network EPC sizing and the deployment to be adopted;(2)supply and architectural interconnection in the heart network EPC and an existing heart network.In our work,the model of traffic in communication that we use to calculate the traffic generated with each technology has link in the network of the heart.展开更多
The application of information and communications technology(ICT)in the education industry is becoming more and more extensive,and online education realized through ICT is developing in full swing.The influence of ICT...The application of information and communications technology(ICT)in the education industry is becoming more and more extensive,and online education realized through ICT is developing in full swing.The influence of ICT on online education consumer's choice behavior is the core issue of online education industry development research.The research on the interactive path and methods of information and online education consumer choice behavior is worth exploring and revealing.This study introduces the word-of-mouth factor as a new research variable under the framework of the Rational Choice Theory model(RCT)and the structural equation method to conduct empirical research and theoretical analysis to verify the validity of the hypothesis and model.The fifthGeneration mobile communication system(5 G)analyses the factors affecting online education consumer behavior choices based on the premise of ICT.Research on the path between ICT and choice behavior provides new ideas for online education consumer choice behavior research and ICT and content and provides a new scenario.This article is a cross-disciplinary research content in theory,and its innovation opens up a new path for the management of ICT research.The research results have innovative significance and value at both the theoretical and practical levels.展开更多
It has been an exciting journey since the mobile communications and artificial intelligence(AI)were conceived in 1983 and 1956.While both fields evolved independently and profoundly changed communications and computin...It has been an exciting journey since the mobile communications and artificial intelligence(AI)were conceived in 1983 and 1956.While both fields evolved independently and profoundly changed communications and computing industries,the rapid convergence of 5th generation mobile communication technology(5G)and AI is beginning to significantly transform the core communication infrastructure,network management,and vertical applications.The paper first outlined the individual roadmaps of mobile communications and AI in the early stage,with a concentration to review the era from 3rd generation mobile communication technology(3G)to 5G when AI and mobile communications started to converge.With regard to telecommunications AI,the progress of AI in the ecosystem of mobile communications was further introduced in detail,including network infrastructure,network operation and management,business operation and management,intelligent applications towards business supporting system(BSS)&operation supporting system(OSS)convergence,verticals and private networks,etc.Then the classifications of AI in telecommunication ecosystems were summarized along with its evolution paths specified by various international telecommunications standardization organizations.Towards the next decade,the prospective roadmap of telecommunications AI was forecasted.In line with 3rd generation partnership project(3GPP)and International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector(ITU-R)timeline of 5G&6th generation mobile communication technology(6G),the network intelligence following 3GPP and open radio access network(O-RAN)routes,experience and intent-based network management and operation,network AI signaling system,intelligent middle-office based BSS,intelligent customer experience management and policy control driven by BSS&OSS convergence,evolution from service level agreement(SLA)to experience level agreement(ELA),and intelligent private network for verticals were further explored.The paper is concluded with the vision that AI will reshape the future beyond 5G(B5G)/6G landscape,and we need pivot our research and development(R&D),standardizations,and ecosystem to fully take the unprecedented opportunities.展开更多
文摘Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.
文摘The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technical routes of railway next-generation mobile communication determined by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.From the aspects of work objectives,principles,technical routes and innovative working methods,the paper elaborates the ideas of railway 5G scientific and technological research,puts forward the contents and plans of scientific and technological research on railway 5G private network,systematically organizes the achievements in the scientific and technological research stage of railway 5G private network,and sets forth the key contents of next-step scientific and technological research.
文摘With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to respond to the growing demand of users.This rapid evolution has given the operators to adapt,their methods to the new technologies that increase.This complexity becomes more important,when these networks include several technologies to access different from the heterogeneous network like in the 4G network.The dimensional new challenges tell the application and the considerable increase in demand for services and the compatibility with existing networks,the management of mobility intercellular of users and it offers a better quality of services.Thus,the proposed solution to meet these new requirements is the sizing of the EPC(Evolved Packet Core)core network to support the 5G access network.For the case of Orange Guinea,this involves setting up an architecture for interconnecting the core networks of Sonfonia and Camayenne.The objectives of our work are of two orders:(1)to propose these solutions and recommendations for the heart network EPC sizing and the deployment to be adopted;(2)supply and architectural interconnection in the heart network EPC and an existing heart network.In our work,the model of traffic in communication that we use to calculate the traffic generated with each technology has link in the network of the heart.
基金supported by National Social Science Fund Youth Project“Research on the Group Behavior of‘Post-95’College Students Based on Complex Networks”of China(Project Number:17CKS047)。
文摘The application of information and communications technology(ICT)in the education industry is becoming more and more extensive,and online education realized through ICT is developing in full swing.The influence of ICT on online education consumer's choice behavior is the core issue of online education industry development research.The research on the interactive path and methods of information and online education consumer choice behavior is worth exploring and revealing.This study introduces the word-of-mouth factor as a new research variable under the framework of the Rational Choice Theory model(RCT)and the structural equation method to conduct empirical research and theoretical analysis to verify the validity of the hypothesis and model.The fifthGeneration mobile communication system(5 G)analyses the factors affecting online education consumer behavior choices based on the premise of ICT.Research on the path between ICT and choice behavior provides new ideas for online education consumer choice behavior research and ICT and content and provides a new scenario.This article is a cross-disciplinary research content in theory,and its innovation opens up a new path for the management of ICT research.The research results have innovative significance and value at both the theoretical and practical levels.
文摘It has been an exciting journey since the mobile communications and artificial intelligence(AI)were conceived in 1983 and 1956.While both fields evolved independently and profoundly changed communications and computing industries,the rapid convergence of 5th generation mobile communication technology(5G)and AI is beginning to significantly transform the core communication infrastructure,network management,and vertical applications.The paper first outlined the individual roadmaps of mobile communications and AI in the early stage,with a concentration to review the era from 3rd generation mobile communication technology(3G)to 5G when AI and mobile communications started to converge.With regard to telecommunications AI,the progress of AI in the ecosystem of mobile communications was further introduced in detail,including network infrastructure,network operation and management,business operation and management,intelligent applications towards business supporting system(BSS)&operation supporting system(OSS)convergence,verticals and private networks,etc.Then the classifications of AI in telecommunication ecosystems were summarized along with its evolution paths specified by various international telecommunications standardization organizations.Towards the next decade,the prospective roadmap of telecommunications AI was forecasted.In line with 3rd generation partnership project(3GPP)and International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector(ITU-R)timeline of 5G&6th generation mobile communication technology(6G),the network intelligence following 3GPP and open radio access network(O-RAN)routes,experience and intent-based network management and operation,network AI signaling system,intelligent middle-office based BSS,intelligent customer experience management and policy control driven by BSS&OSS convergence,evolution from service level agreement(SLA)to experience level agreement(ELA),and intelligent private network for verticals were further explored.The paper is concluded with the vision that AI will reshape the future beyond 5G(B5G)/6G landscape,and we need pivot our research and development(R&D),standardizations,and ecosystem to fully take the unprecedented opportunities.
