左旋黄皮酰胺在大鼠体内的排泄

Aim To study the excretion of(-)-clausenamide in rats.Methods The urine,feces and bile were collected at predetermined time points after(-)-clausenamide was orally administrated to 6 rats(30 mg·kg^-1).The concentrations of(-)-clausenamide and its metabolite 6-OH-(-)-clausnamide were determined by HPLC-MS/MS method using glipzide as the internal reference,and the accumulative excretion amount of(-)-clausenamide and 6-OH-(-)-clausenamide was calculated in the urine,feces and bile,separately.Results(-)-Clausenamide was recovered mostly(44%) from feces in 112 hours,7.1% was found from urine in 120 hours and 0.013% was detected from bile in 24 hours.The accumulative excretions of 6-OH-(-)-clausenamide were 0.92%,0.46% and 0.0003% of the administered dose from feces,urine and bile,respectively.Conclusion The major amount of(-)-clausenamide was recovered from feces after(-)-clausenamide was orally administrated to rats(30 mg·kg^-1).

HPLC/MS法研究左旋黄皮酰胺及其代谢物在Beagle犬血浆中的药代动力学

目的用HPLC/MS法研究左旋黄皮酰胺[(-)-clau]及其代谢物6-羟基-黄皮酰胺(6-OH-clau)在Beagle犬血浆中的药代动力学过程.方法Beagle犬灌胃左旋黄皮酰胺30 mg·kg-1,采集静脉血样,血浆经乙酸乙酯萃取分离后,用HPLC/MS选择性正离子检测内标(格列吡嗪,[M+H]+,m/z 446)法测定左旋黄皮酰胺([M+H]+,m/z298)及6-羟基-黄皮酰胺([M+H-H2O]+,m/z 296)的浓度,以甲醇-水-冰醋酸(60:40:0.8)为流动相,流速1.0mL·min-1.用3P97软件计算药代动力学参数.结果左旋黄皮酰胺和6-羟基-黄皮酰胺分别在1.0～200ng·mL-1和0.2～40.0 ng·mL-1线性关系良好(r＞0.999),萃取回收率均大于85%.原药及其代谢物的体内过程均符合二室模型;左旋黄皮酰胺及6-羟基-黄皮酰胺的Cmax分别为(21±10)ng·mL-1和(3.9±2.2)ng·mL-1;Tmax分别为(0.8±0.5)h和(1.3±0.5)h;T1/2α分别为(0.9±0.6)h和(1.4±0.6)h;T1/2β分别为(19±23)h和(13±12)h;AUC0.24h分别为(69±14)h·ng·mL-1和(12±7)h·ng·mL-1.结论Beagle犬灌胃左旋黄皮酰胺后迅速吸收,血药浓度一相消除很快,但末端消除较慢;其代谢物6-羟基-黄皮酰胺血药浓度经时过程与左旋黄皮酰胺相似,但血药浓度相对较小.

肿瘤恶液质患者的营养治疗专家共识

恶性肿瘤的恶液质发病率高,约20%恶性肿瘤患者死于恶液质。持续性的骨骼肌消耗是恶液质的核心表现,使得患者生活质量严重下降,增加并发症的发生率和病死率。对肿瘤恶液质患者需明确诊断,并进行分期及分级,有益于患者的抗肿瘤治疗和营养治疗。肿瘤恶液质患者表现为低摄入量以及代谢异常,均会导致蛋白及能量负平衡,需要增加能量及营养素摄入以纠正能量及蛋白质的负平衡。密切的营养随访、营养咨询和对患者的营养教育是预防及治疗肿瘤恶液质的重要措施,仅仅是对食物的不同选择,以及对食物摄入量的认识,就能使患者摄入更多的能量及营养素,从而可能有助于改善患者营养状况。