Cloning of the ZoWRKY1 Gene and its Correlation with 6-gingerol Biosynthesis in Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Ginger(Zingiber officinale Roscoe)has high economic value as medicinal and food resources.6-gingerol is the core medicinal constituents of ginger.In the present study,a local ginger cultivar of Chongqing was taken as the research material.The ZoWRKY1 gene was cloned to determine its expression level in different ginger developmental phases and to analyze its correlation with 6-gingerol content.The expression level of ZoWRKY1 under different concentrations of NaCl stress was tested,and so was the correlation between ZoWRKY1’s expression level and the contents of 6-gingerol synthase genes,i.e.ZoPAL,ZoC4H and Zo4CL.The results showed that the cDNA of the cloned ZoWRKY1 gene is 1026 bp in total length,and ZoWRKY1 belongs to the second type member of the WRKY family;the expression level of ZoWRKY1 rose sharply in the second developmental phase of the ginger which was about one month after sowing,and there was a significant correlation between the expression level of ZoWRKY1 and the increase of 6-gingerol content;the expressions of ZoWRKY1 and 6-gingerol synthase genes ZoPAL,ZoC4H and Zo4CL had sharp rises under 25 g/L NaCl stress,and the expression level of ZoWRKY1 was closely related to that of ZoC4H or Zo4CL.Therefore,it was speculated that there was a regulatory correlation between ZoWRKY1 and ZoC4H or Zo4CL that can further affect the biosynthesis of 6-gingerol.

EjGASA6 promotes flowering and root elongation by enhancing gibberellin biosynthesis

The Gibberellic Acid-stimulated Arabidopsis(GASA)gene family is involved in the regulation of gene expression and plant growth,development,and stress responses.To investigate the function of loquat GASA genes in the growth and developmental regulation of plants,a loquat EjGASA6 gene homologous to Arabidopsis AtGASA6 was cloned.EjGASA6 expression was induced by gibberellin,and ectopic transgenic plants containing this gene exhibited earlier bloom and longer primary roots since these phenotypic characteristics are related to higher gibberellin content.Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of GA3ox1 and GA20ox1,which encode key enzymes in gibberellin biosynthesis,were significantly increased.Furthermore,we confirmed that EjGASA6 could promote the expression of GA20ox1 via the luciferase reporter system.Overall,our results suggest that EjGASA6 promotes blooming and main-root elongation by positively regulating gibberellin biosynthesis.These findings broaden our understanding of the role of GASAs in plant development and growth,and lay the groundwork for future research into the functions of EjGASA6 in regulating loquat growth and development.

Preparation and characterization of LaB_6 ultra fine powder by combustion synthesis

High-purity,homogeneous and ultra fine LaB6 powders were prepared by combustion synthesis.The effects of reactant ratio and molding pressure on the phase and morphology of the combustion products were studied.The combustion products and leached products were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.The results indicate that the combustion product consists of LaB6,MgO and a little Mg3B2O6.The combustion product becomes denser and harder when the molding pressure increases.The purity of LaB6 is higher than 99.0%.The LaB6 particle size is in range of 1.92-3.00 μm and the lattice constant of LaB6 is a=0.414 8 nm.

A facile synthesis of 2,4,6-trichloroborazine from boron trichloride-dimethylsulfide complex and ammonium chloride

2,4,6-Trichloroborazine has been recognized as a desirable monomer for the preparation of high-performance boron nitride fibers through polymer derived ceramics route.So a high yield and facile synthesis of 2,4,6-trichloroborazine is essential in practice. Using boron trichloride-dimethylsulfide complex((CH_3)_2S·BCl_3) and ammonium chloride(NH_4Cl) as starting materials and toluene(C_6H_5CH_3) as solvent,the synthesis of 2,4,6-trichloroborazine to give high yield is reported.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of ethyl 6-alkoxy-7-phenyl-4-hydroxy-3-quinolinecarboxylates against Eimeria tenella

A series of ethyl 6-alkoxy-7-phenyl-4-hydroxy-3-quinolinecarboxylates were designed and synthesized.Their structures were confirmed by ~1H NMR,^(13)C NMR,IR and HRMS.The biological activities were primarily evaluated against Eimeria tenella according to Anticoccidial Index(ACI) method in vivo.The results showed that compounds 5e,5f and 5i exhibited anticoccidial activities against E.tenella at 27 mg kg^(-1).

Morphology-controlled synthesis and photocatalytic properties of K_(1.9)Na_(0.1)Ta_2O_6·2H_2O

The controllable synthesis of tantalate K1.9Na0.1Ta2O6·2H2O has been successfully achieved by a two-step technique,namely,the molten salt and hydrothermal methods,at a low temperature. By simply varying the KOH concentration in the hydrothermal process,K1.9Na0.1Ta2O6·2H2O particles with spherical,cuboctahedral,and durian-like morphologies were synthesized. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained samples for the degradation of rhodamine B was studied under ultraviolet light,which indicates that the photocatalytic properties of the samples are highly dependent on their morphologies. The K1.9Na0.1Ta2O6·2H2O nanospheres,with rough surfaces and the highest specific surface area,exhibit the best performance. The present work provides a unique approach for the controlled synthesis of tantalate photocatalysts,which are difficult to achieve through other synthetic approaches.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties of Ethyl 3,9-Dimethyl-7-phenyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one-8-carboxylate

ABSTRACT Ethyl 3,9-dimethyl-7-phenyl-6It-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one-8-carboxylate （C24H20O4, Mr = 372.40） has been synthesized and its structure was determined by ^1H and ^1C NMR, ESI-MS, elemental analysis, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 8.3674（11）, b = 10.6683（14）, c = 11.3817（15） A, a = 95.596（2）, β = 109.866（2）, γ = 94.495（2）°, V= 944.2（2）A^3, Z= 2, Dc = 1.310 g/cm3, μ= 0.089 mm^-1, F（000） = 392, R = 0.0482 and wR = 0.1281 for 2916 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. In the crystal structure, the fused tricyclic nucleus of the title compound is not fully coplanar. Analysis of the crystal packing indicates aromatic π-π stacking interactions occurring between the fused tricyclic aromatic rings of neighboring molecules in which a maximum overlap of the x-electron systems was achieved. Fluorescence and thermal studies indicate that compound 3 has good optical properties and thermal stability.

A convenient synthesis of 6-demethoxycapillarisin

A convenient and effective method for the synthesis of 6-demethoxycapillarisin was described. The highlight was involved in a simple access to the key intermediate 2-ethylthio-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one from the inexpensive 2,4,6-trihydroxyace- tophenone, using AICl3 as the demethylation reagent.

Synthesis of fused pyran and arylbis(4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl)methane in ionic liquid

Promoted and mediated by an ionic liquid-[bmim][BF4], fused pyrans or arylbis（4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3- yl）methanes were efficiently and selectively prepared from the reaction of aldehyde and 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-pyran with or without acetic anhydride. By using these novel procedures, pyrimidine nucleoside-fused pyran and arylbis（pyranon-3-yl）methane hybrids with potential biological activities were constructed.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 6-Bromo-piperonal-dimethyl-acetal

The title compound (C10H11BrO4, Mr = 275.10) was synthesized and its crystal structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 7.2960(8), b = 12.209(1), c = 12.568(1) ? b = 98.120(2)? l = 0.71073 ? m(MoKa) = 3.700 mm-1, V = 1108.3(2) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.649 g/cm3 and F(000) = 552. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares methods. R = 0.0375 and wR = 0.0864 for 1598 reflections with I > 2s(I). X-ray diffraction reveals that there exist two rings in the molecule, and the dihedral between them is 177.5?

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 3,3'-Dimethyl-dibenzo-18-crown-6

3,3′-Dimethyl-dibenzo-18-crown-6 was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ^1H NMR, UV, MS spectra and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. It belongs to orthorhombic, space group Pna21 with a = 8.0790（18）, b = 16.780（4）, c = 15.222（3） .A, Z= 4, V= 2063.6（8） A3 Dc = 1.250 g/cm^3,μ = 0.090 mm^-1, F（000） = 832, R = 0.0474 and wR = 0.1103. According to structural analysis, the title compound possesses a boat-like configuration.

Mechanism and Influence Factors of V_6O_(13) Synthesis

The mechanism and influence factors of thermal decomposition of NH_4VO_3 in Ar to produce V_6O_(13) were investigated by TG-DTG, DSC, X-ray diffraction and orthogonal design experiments at 25～450℃.The process includes four reactions, among which the reduction of V_2O_5 by NH_3 is one of the most important stagrt controlling the constituents of the fina1 products, and it is affected by heating rate and amount of NH_4VO_3 singnificantly. This reduction reaction is controlled by a first order reaction or nucleation and nuclei growth with a kinetic equation--ln(l-a)=kt,and apparent activation energy of 410kJ/molis obtained.

Synthesis of 11-demethyl and 6, 6,11-demethyl Calanolide A

Synthesis of 11-demethyl and 6, 6, 11-demethyl calanolides A (6-9) have been carried out by a four-step reaction sequence using a simple approach in order to investigate the structural requirements necessary for antiviral activity.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of N-tert-butyl-N′-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-N- [1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1, 4-dihydro-6-methylpyridazine-4-oxo-3-carbonyl] hydrazine

The title compound N-tert-butyl-N(-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-N-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)- 1,4-dihydro-6-methylpyridazine-4-oxo-3-carbonyl]hydrazine [(C23H_21N4O3Cl3)2·1.5H_2O, Mr = 1042.60] was prepared by the reaction of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6- methylpyridazine-3-carboxylic acid with chloroformate ethyl ester, then with N′-tert-butyl-N- (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) hydrazine in the present of triethylamine. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to Monoclinic, space group P21/c, with unit cell constants a =11.4948(9), b=12.7495(10), c=35.854(3) ?, β =92.964(2)°, Z=4, V=5247.6(7) ?3, Dc = 1.320 Mg/m3, F(000) = 2156 , μ (MoKa)= 0.385, R = 0.0661, wR = 0.1875, for 9151 observed reflections( I >2σ(I)). The structure is a dimer linked by intermolecular hydrogen bond which can be observed between N(1)- H...O(6), N(5)- H...O(3). The distances are 2.068 and 2.027? respectively.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2,6-Bis(2-pyridinylmethyl)-3,5-bis(2-hydroxyl-5-chlorophenyl)pyrazine

The title compound,2,6-bis（2-pyridinylmethyl）-3,5-bis（2-hydroxyl-5-chlorophe nyl）-pyrazine（C26H12Cl2N4O2C2H8O2,Mr=551.41）,has been synthesized and characterized by LC-ESIMS,NMR,UV and IR spectroscopy as well as by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.The compound behaves as a substituted pyrazine.The hydrogen atoms on C（2） and C（3） are substituted by 2-pyridinyl,whereas those on C（1） and C（4） are substituted by 2-hydroxyl-5-chlorophenyl.It crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group P21/c with a=8.9433（12）,b=32.003（4）,c=10.5209（18）,β=111.199（2）°,V=2807.5（7）3,Z=4,Dc=1.305 mg/m3,F（000）=1144 and μ=0.094 mm-1.A total of 13235 reflections were collected in the range of 2.17～25.01o by using a phi and omega scan mode,of which 4923 were unique（Rint=0.0692） and 2872 observed reflections with Ⅰ 〉2σ（Ⅰ） were used in the structure solution and refinement.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Ethyl 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-oxo-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate

The crystal structure of the title compound ethyl 3-（4-chlorophenyl）-3,4-dihydro-6- methyl-4-oxo-2-（pyrrolidin-1-yl）furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate （C20H20ClN3O4, Mr= 401.84） has been prepared and determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 20.6215（9）, b = 8.5311（4）, c = 21.6886（9） A^°, β = 91.607（1）°, V = 3814.0（3）A^°^3, Z = 8, Dc = 1.400 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1680, μ = 0.233 mm^-1, R = 0.0718 and wR = 0.1545 for 6717 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals two crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-tert-Butyl-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-iminium Chloride

The title compound, 4-tert-butyl-6-（4-chlorophenyl）-3,6-dihydro-2H-1,3-thiazin- 2-iminium chloride （C14H18C12N2S）, has been synthesized by the reaction of 1-（4-chlorophenyl）- 4,4-dimethylpent-1-en-3-one with thiourea, and its crystal structure was determined by single- crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P211c with a = 16.3064（11）, b = 9.4471（6）, c = 11.2626 （8）A, β = 108.400（1）°, Z = 4, V = 1646.28（19） A^3, Mr = 317.26, Dc = 1.280 g/cm^3, S = 1.078,μ = 0.510 mm^-1, F（000） = 664, the final R = 0.0514 and wR = 0.1412 for 3210 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The thiazine ring system displays a twisted boat conformation, and three N-H,..Cl hydrogen bonds exist in the crystal. The combination of two N-H...Cl hydrogen bonds generate an R2^1 （6） ring.

SYNTHESIS OF 6-AMINO, 6-METHOXY AND 6-ETHOXY PURINENUCLEOSIDE DERIVATIVES

A convenient route for the conversion of inosine to the corresponding 6-amino, 6-methoxy and 6-ethoxy derivatives is reported. This conversion can be achieved by ammoniation or etherification of the 6-pyridinium intermediate(3) which can be readily produced under mild reaction conditions. The chemistry and characterization of these compounds are presented, A plausible mechanism of the reaction is proposed.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Fluorescence Property of a New Trinuclear Nickel(Ⅱ) Complex Bridged by 2,6-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid

A new trinuclear nickel complex,[Ni3（pdc）3（2,2＇-bipy）3（H2O）2]·2H2O（H2pdc = pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic acid,2,2＇-bipy = 2,2＇-bipyridine） has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR,elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction methods.Crystal data for this complex：monoclinic,space group P21/n,a = 21.206（4）,b = 10.002（2）,c = 28.066（6）,β = 108.18（3）°,C51H41N9Ni3O16,Mr = 1212.06,V = 5.656（2） nm3,Dc = 1.423 g·cm-3,μ（MoKα） = 1.062 mm-1,Z = 4,F（000） = 2488,GOOF = 1.034,the final R = 0.0543 and wR = 0.1237 for 6149 observed reflections with Ⅰ 〉 2σ（Ⅰ）.In the complex,three nickel（Ⅱ） ions are bridged by the pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic acid groups,and all nickel（Ⅱ） ions are seven-coordinated by nitrogen atoms of 2,2＇-bipyridine and pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic acid and oxygen atoms from pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic and water to adopt a severely distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry.The emission and excitation peaks of the complex in ethanol solutions are located at 336 and 316 nm,respectively.

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Ce^(3+), Tb^(3+) Co-Doped Zn_4B_6O_(13)

Green-photoluminescence material Zn4B6O13: Ce3+, Tb3+ was first synthesized by spread method of high temperature and solid state reaction, which is cubic crystal system with lattice parameters: a(0) = 0.7472 nm, V = 0.4172 nm(3), and structural properties are investigated by XRD. The excitation and emission band of Ce3+ ion single-doped in Zn4B6O13 transfer longer spectra 2.38 similar to 4.94 kk than in other matrices. Emission band of Ce3+ ion better overlaps with the F-7(6)-->(5)G(2),D-5(1),H-5(7) absorption band of Tb3+. It shows that emission of Tb3+ ion is sensitized by Ce3+. In Zn4B6O13:Ce3+, Tb3+, it is due to the energy transfer mechanism, resonance transfer of electric multipolar interaction of the dipole-dipole between Ce3+-->Ce3+ and Ce3+-->Tb3+. The color coordinates of Zn4B6O13: X 0.281, gamma = 0.619. The mean diameter of the particles is 0.23 mum.