喷射沉积70%Si-Al合金电子封装材料的组织与性能

采用喷射沉积与热压相结合的方法制备电子封装用70%Si-Al合金坯料,采用扫描电镜和金相显微镜观察合金的显微组织。结果表明:采用喷射沉积与热压相结合的方法可获得直径为76.2mm、厚度为6mm的70%Si-Al合金样品;合金中初晶Si的长大受到抑制,初晶Si相的尺寸仅为20～50μm,分布均匀且形成连续骨架;Al相围绕Si相间隙呈连续网络分布,这种结构有利于提高材料热导率,降低其线膨胀系数;通过与后续热压相结合制备的70%Si-Al合金样品,其室温热导率达到110W/(m·K),400℃时线膨胀系数仅为9.6×10-6/K。

70%Si-Al合金的热性能及其分形描述

采用分形方法探讨70%Si-Al热沉材料的典型热性能与显微组织之间的关系,针对不同Si相尺寸的分形特征进行描述。结果表明:70%Si-Al合金的显微组织具有自相似的界面形态和典型的分形特征,使用分形维数能够直观表示出70%Si-Al合金中两相间的界面性质;计盒维数法和质量维数法2种不同的分形描述方法反映的规律相同;Si相平均尺寸为75μm的试样比Si相平均尺寸为45μm的试样的分形维数更小;随着温度的升高,分形维数较小的合金热导率较大,热膨胀系数增加的幅度却减小。

Simulation of formation and evolution of nano-clusters during rapid solidification of liquid Ca_(70)Mg_(30) alloy

A molecular dynamics simulation study was performed to investigate the formation and evolution mechanisms of nano-clusters during the rapid solidification of liquid CaToMg30 alloy. The cluster-type index method （CTIM） was adopted to describe microstructure evolutions of nano-clusters during solidification. Results indicate that amorphous structure is mainly formed with three bond-types of 1551, 1541 and 1431 at the cooling rate of 5~1011 K/S, and glass transition temperature Tg is about 530 K; the icosahedron cluster of （12 0 12 0） plays a key role in formation of amorphous structure, and smaller Mg atoms are much more probable to be central atoms of icosahedron clusters; and nano-clusters are mainly formed by combining medium-size clusters. Interestingly, it was also found that formation and evolution processes of the nano-cluster display a three-stage feature which is analogous to crystallization process of amorphous alloy.

喷射沉积新型电子封装用70%Si-Al材料的研究

一种新型电子封装材料70%Si Al合金通过喷射沉积技术被开发出来。研究了雾化压力和沉积距离等工艺参数对该材料合金组织及致密度的影响。制备的合金具有细小均匀的组织结构,各向同性,Si相粒子尺寸在10～20μm之间,均匀的分布在铝基体中。分析表明,合金具有和半导体材料接近的热膨胀系数,合金的机械加工性能较好,可以用普通的刀具进行机械加工。初步研究了热等静压在合金制备中的应用。

Prediction of 2A70 aluminum alloy flow stress based on BP artificial neural network

The hot deformation behavior of 2A70 aluminum alloy was investigated by means of isothermal compression tests performed on a Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator over 360～480 ℃ with strain rates in the range of 0.01～1 s-1 and the largest deformation up to 60%. On the basis of experiments, a BP artificial neural network （ANN） model was constructed to predict 2A70 aluminum alloy flow stress. True strain, strain rates and temperatures were input to the network, and flow stress was the only output. The comparison between predicted values and experimental data showed that the relative error for the trained model was less than ±3% for the sampled data while it was less than ±6% for the non-sampled data. Furthermore, the neural network model gives better results than nonlinear regression method. It is evident that the model constructed by BP ANN can be used to accurately predict the 2A70 alloy flow stress.

Structural evolution of spray-formed Al-70wt.%Si alloys during iso-thermal holding in the semi-solid state

The grain growth behavior of spray-formed Al-70wt.%Si alloys was studied in the semi-solid state. The specimens were isothermally heat-treated at various temperatures between the solidus and liquidus of Al-Si alloys and then quenched in water. The microstructure of reheated specimens was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopies. The isothermal holding experiment was carried out to investigate grain growth behavior as a function of holding time and temperature in the semi-solid state. The coarsening mechanism and the effect of porosity on microstructure were also studied.

Research on flow stress of spray formed 70Si30Al alloy under hot compression deformation

The flow stress of spray formed 70Si30Al alloy was studied by hot compression on a Gleeble- 1500 test machine. The experimental results indicated that the flow stress depends on the strain rate and the deformation temperature. The flow stress increases with an increase in strain rate at a given deformation temperature. The flow stress decreases with the deformation temperature increasing at a given strain rate. The relational expression among the flow stress, the swain rate, and the deformation temperature satisfies the Arrhenius equation. The deformation activation energy of 70Si30Al alloy during hot deformation is 866.27 kJ/mol from the Arrhenius equation.

Effect of P/M value on the preforms and microstructures of spray formed 70Si30Al alloy

A novel 70Si30Al alloy was prepared by the spray forming process for electronic packaging materials. The effect of the ratio of atomization pressure to metal melt mass flux rate （P/M） on the preforms and microstructures of the spray-deposited 70Si30Al alloy was studied. The results indicate that the PIM value has a considerable influence on the formation of the preforms and the optimal value is in the range of 0.209-0.231 MPa/（kg.min^-1）. The microstructure of the spray formed 70Si30AI alloy is fine and homogenous. The primary silicon phases distributing in the aluminum matrix evenly are fine and irregular. The aluminum matrix is divided into two groups： supersaturated α-Al phase or α-Al phase and Al-Si pseudoeutectic phase or Al-Si eutectic phase.

Deformation mechanism of the spray formed 70Si30Al alloy during hot compression

The deformation mechanism of the spray formed 70Si30Al alloy was studied by hot compression on a Gleeble-1500 test machine. It is shown that hot deformation of the spray formed 70Si30Al alloy is achieved by liquid flow due to isostatic pressure and movement of solid particles due to shear force. Deformation condition depends on the nucleation rate and closure rate of the cavities. The flow stress slightly varies when the difference between the nucleation rate and closure rate of the cavities is small; however, it decreases when the nucleation rate of the cavities is greater than the closure rate of the cavities.

Effect of deformation temperature and strain rate on semi-solid deformation behavior of spray-formed Al-70%Si alloys

Spray-formed Al-70%Si(mass fraction) alloys were deformed by compression in the semi-solid state. The effects of the deformation temperature, strain rate and the microstructure were studied. Two strain rates(1s -1and 0.1s -1) and six deformation temperatures (600℃, 720℃ , 780℃, 900℃, 1000℃ and 1100℃) were chosen. The stress—strain curve exhibits a peak at low strain and then decreases to a plateau before it starts to increase again as the strain increases. The stress required for deformation at lower strain rate and at higher deformation temperatures is less than those at higher strain rate and at lower deformation temperatures. Four mechanisms of semi-solid deformation can be used to explain the different behaviors of the stress—strain curves under different conditions.

Crystallization of amorphous Zr_(70)Cu_(30-x)Ni_x alloys

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) wereemployed to investigate the influence of Ni content on the crystallization of amorphousZr_(70)Cu_(30-x)Ni_x (atom fraction in percent) alloys. Experimental results show that with the Nicontent increasing the activation energies for crystallization of amorphous Zr_(70)Cu_(30-x)Ni_xalloys increase correspondingly, indicating that the thermal stability is greatly improved. All theDSC traces of amorphous Zr_(70)Cu_(30-x)Ni_x alloys exhibit two exothermic peaks, suggesting thatthe crystallization process proceeds via a double-stage mode. The first exothermic peak at lowertemperature mainly corresponds to the precipitation and growth of Zr_2Cu particles, while the secondone corresponds to the precipitation of nano-scale Zr_2Ni phase and crystallization of residualamorphous phase. The mechanism on the crystallization of amorphous Zr_(70)Cu_(30-x)Ni_x alloys wasdiscussed.

Effect of initial microstructure on superplastic deformation of AZ70 magnesium alloy

The mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of semi-continuously casting and as-extruded AZ70 magnesium alloys in a wide range of grain sizes(from 14 to 103μm)were investigated at 653 K and 1×10-3s -1.It is discovered that with reducing grain size,flow stress is weakened and plasticity is improved and even superplasticity exhibits.SEM and OM were used to clarify the deformation mechanism.It is suggested that dynamic recrystallization(DRX)is the coordination deformation mechanism of grain boundary sliding(GBS)for coarse grain,and cavity and intracrystalline slip are the coordination deformation mechanisms of GBS for fine grain.

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL OF CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIP FOR 2A70 ALUMINUM ALLOY

The hat deformation behavior of 2A70 aluminum alloy was investigated by means of isothermal compression tests performed on a Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator over a wide range of temperatures 360-480℃ with strain rates of 0.01-1s^-1 and the largest deformation of 60%, and the true stress of the material was obtained under the above-mentioned conditions. The experimental results shows that 2A70 aluminum alloy is a kind of aluminum alloy with the property of dynamic recovery; its flow stress declines with the increase of temperature, while its flow stress increases with the increase of strain rates. On the basis of experiments, the constitutive relationship of the 2A70 aluminum alloy was constructed using a BP artificial neural network. Comparison of the predicted values with the experimental data shows that the relative error of the trained model is less than ±3% for the sampled data while it is less than ±6% for the nonsampled data. It is evident that the model constructed by BP ANN can accurately predict the flow stress of the 2A70 alloy.

(Nd_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(16)Co_(5)Fe_(70)Nb_(2)B_(7) PERMANENT MAGNETIC ALLOY AND BEHAVIOUR OF Nb

The magnetic properties of (Nd_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(16)Co_(5)Fe_(70)Nb_(2)B_(7) permanent magnetic alloy prepared by powder metallurgy are:Br=1.08T,_(1)H_(C)=1620kA/m,(BH)_(max)=208kJ/m^(3).The behaviour of Nb in this alloy was studied by joint methods of dynamic observation by high voltage electron microscope(HVEM)and Mossbauer effects.With Nb and Co substituting parts of Fe and adding a little Dy,practical magnetic alloy with excellent properties can be obtained.The thermal stability of it is 80 ℃ higher than that of ternary Nd-Fe-13 magnet.The study shows that adding Nb into Nd-Fe-B can make the intrinsic coercivity appear peak value at about Nb=2%(in mole fraction).Nb mainly enters into Nd-rich and B-rich phases,a little into Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B phase.

Crystallization behavior of amorphous Zr_(70)Cu_(20)Ni_(10) alloy annealed at 380 ℃

Crystallization behavior of amorphous Zr 70 Cu 20 Ni 10 alloy isothermally annealed at 380 ℃ was first investigated by employing the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It has been found that an exothermic peak appears in the DSC trace when the annealing time is about 17～18 min, indicating a certain phase transformation occurs in the matrix of amorphous Zr 70 Cu 20 Ni 10 alloy. Meanwhile, isothermal annealing experiments for amorphous Zr 70 Cu 20 Ni 10 alloy ranging from 360 ℃ to 400 ℃ with a temperature interval of 10 ℃ were also carried out, from which no exothermic reaction can be observed except for the case of 380 ℃. This behavior indicates that the phase transformation during isothermal annealing of amorphous Zr 70 Cu 20 Ni 10 alloy is strongly temperature and time dependent. Further investigations are required to reveal the nature of such phenomenon.

喷射沉积制备新型电子封装材料70％Si-Al的研究

采用喷射沉积技术制备了新型电子封装材料70％Si-Al合金,对其进行热等静压致密化处理后,测试了合金的主要性 能．结果表明:喷射沉积70％Si-Al合金的密度低,组织细小均匀,各向同性,Si相粒子尺寸在10-20 μm之间且弥散分布． 新型70％Si-Al合金具有与Si和GaAs等半导体材料相近的热膨胀系数,热稳定性好,经热等静压后合金的性能进一步提高． 喷射沉积70％Si-Al合金具有良好的机械加工性能,可以用作功率芯片、微波电子器件、集成电路块等的封装材料．

Cu-70%Sn包晶合金高温度梯度定向凝固的组织及其尺度

在凝固速率1-500 μm／s的范围内,Cu-70％Sn包晶合金定向凝固组织由ε相、包晶η相和共晶体组成,ε相为 领先相与最高界面生长温度假设的分析一致.理论计算结果显示,当凝固速率大于22.35 mm／s时,η相可直接从液相中析出, 无需通过包晶反应进行.凝固速率越低,ε向η相固相转变系数越大,造成ε相尺寸在1-5μm／s范围内变化很小,而包晶η 相的体积分数随凝固速率的增加呈现先减后增的变化趋势.在凝固速率小于50#m／s时, Cu-70％Sn包晶合金一次枝晶间距 满足λV0.325=199.5μm1.325·s-0.325;在凝固速率高于50μm／s时,一次枝晶间距满足λV0.528=676 μm1.528·s-0.528.

过冷Cu_(70)Ni_(30)熔体凝固组织的第一类粒状晶

在高真下，采用熔融玻璃净化与循环过热相结合的方法，在２２～２７０Ｋ过冷度范围内，研究了Ｃｕ７０Ｎｉ３０合金凝固组织形态演化过程，在△Ｔ〈△Ｔ２＾＊（１２０Ｋ）过冷度范围内，随着过冷度增大，枝晶渐变为粒状晶，发生了组织的第一类粒化，组织观察及成分分析结果表明，枝晶段之间偏析区不是晶界。第一粒粒状晶的形成过程包括；枝晶在再辉期间发生熔断，从而形成枝晶段，然后枝晶段通过合并一再结晶而形成粒状晶。

机械合金化Fe_(70)Cu_(30)体系的结构研究

利用XAFS方法对机械合金化Fe70 Cu3 0 样品中Fe、Cu原子的局域环境结构随球磨时间的变化情况进行了研究 .结果表明 ,由于Fe和Cu原子分别向fcc的Cu相和bcc的Fe相的扩散 ,Fe和Cu同时存在于fcc和bcc结构相中 ,但Fe和Cu原子的局域环境结构随球磨时间的变化有很大差别 .球磨 2h后 ,样品中 73%的Cu原子在fcc相 ,2 7%的Cu原子在bcc相 ;2 1 %的Fe原子在fcc相 ,79%的Fe原子在bcc相 .球磨5h后 ,fcc相的Cu原子减少到 5 9% ,fcc相的Fe原子则略有增加 ,为 2 9% .球磨 1 0h后 ,fcc相的Cu原子比例又增加到 86 % ,fcc相的Fe原子也迅速增加到 5 1 % ;说明大量的Cu原子扩散到bcc的Fe相后诱导其产生fcc结构相变 .继续球磨到 2 0h ,样品中Cu原子和Fe原子在fcc和bcc相的比例基本保持不变 .这些结果说明 ,在球磨过程中Fe和Cu并未形成均一的固溶体 ,同时存在着fcc的Cu富集区。

脉冲电流下黄铜合金H70的力学性能和微观组织

在高精度电辅助拉伸系统上进行了一系列H70黄铜合金板材拉伸试验,探讨了脉冲电流持续时间和温度峰值对黄铜合金拉伸性能的影响,并观察了试验前后材料的微观组织.结果表明,脉冲持续时间越长,单次脉冲电流产生的峰值温度越高,H70黄铜合金的抗拉强度越低.在相同预应变下,脉冲电流产生的温度峰值越高,应力回复值下降越明显.当峰值温度高于600℃时,应力回复值接近于初始屈服强度.变形过程引入脉冲电流使黄铜发生明显再结晶,靠近断裂区域,晶粒长大明显,并出现铸态细小等轴晶和粗大枝晶.