Evolution of secondary phases and properties of 7B04 aluminum alloy during DC homogenization

The effects of the direct current （DC） on the evolutions of hardness and morphology of the secondary phases in 7B04 aluminum alloy homogenized at 380？465 ℃ for 2 h were investigated in detail by electric conductivity measurement, hardness test, X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The results show that with increasing temperature from 380 to 465 ℃, the electric conductivity of normal homogenized sample decreases from 34.9%IACS to 28.7%IACS, the hardness increases from HV 96 to HV 146, and the area fraction of secondary phase reduces from 4.5% to 1.89%. While, DC homogenized sample has a higher hardness, a lower electric conductivity and a smaller area fraction of secondary phases at the same temperature. The DC enhances the homogenization process by promoting the diffusibility of the solute atoms and the mobility of vacancy.

Production of super-high strength aluminum alloy billets by low frequency electromagnetic casting

The effects of low frequency electromagnetic field on the macro-physical fields in the semi-continuous casting process of aluminum alloys and the microstructure and crack in the billets were studied and analyzed by the numerical and experimental methods.Comparison of the results for the macro-physical fields in the low frequency electromagnetic casting（LFEC） process with the conventional DC casting process indicates the following characters due to the application of electromagnetic field：an entirely changed direction and remarkably increased velocity of melt flow;a uniform distribution and a decreased gradient of temperature;elevated isothermal lines;a reduced sump depth;decreased stress and plastic deformation.Further,the microstructure of the billets is refined remarkably and the crack in the billets is eliminated in LFEC process because of modification of the macro-physical fields induced by the application of low frequency electromagnetic field.

Effect of connection processes on mechanical properties of 7B04 aluminum alloy structures

The static and fatigue properties of 7B04 aluminum alloy structures connected by riveting and refill friction stir spot welding(refill FSSW)were compared and analyzed.Results show that the static compression load of the typical structure connected by riveting and refill FSSW fluctuated in the range of 117-124 kN,and the shear load was in the range of 89-95 kN.Welds spacing had a small influence on the static load of the structures joined by refill FSSW.However,the fatigue life of riveted structures was lower than that joined by refill FSSW.For the welded structure,the heterogeneous microstructures of the welded joint led to the uneven microhardness,and the hook at the lap interface bent upwards at the same time.These factors made the welded structures during the fatigue test failure along the path of sleeve moving.

我国7×××系高强铝合金及其研究进展

铝合金在大跨空间、桥梁、电力塔架等结构中得到了良好应用。随着现代工程结构日益向大跨、复杂、重载、恶劣环境等方面发展,对铝合金的力学性能提出了新要求,特别是要求结构材料具有更高的强度。从7×××系高强铝合金的工程应用、材料力学性能、构件稳定性能和焊接性能方面阐述了我国高强铝合金的研究进展。关于7×××系高强铝合金材料力学性能的研究较为充分,而对其构件稳定性能的研究尚处于初步阶段;缺乏基于搅拌摩擦焊接连接的铝合金结构受力性能的相关研究。建议了用于构件计算的7A04-T6高强铝合金的设计指标,可为我国铝合金结构技术标准的编制和修订提供参考,以期推动高强铝合金结构的工程应用。

回归再时效对7×××系铝合金强度及耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用室温拉伸实验、电导率与极化曲线测试等分析方法,研究RRA工艺中回归温度与回归时间对高强铝合金强度和耐腐蚀性能的影响规律。结果表明,与T6态合金相比,适当的RRA工艺既使合金的强度得到提高,又可大幅度提升耐腐蚀性能。随着回归温度与回归时间的增加,合金强度先增大后减小,在190℃×20min回归时达到峰值702.2MPa,而耐腐蚀性能则持续增加。回归温度在210℃以上时虽然耐腐蚀性增加明显,但是却损失了部分强度。

Initial corrosion behavior and mechanism of 7B04 aluminum alloy under acid immersion and salt spray environments

The initial corrosion behavior and mechanism of 7B04 aluminum alloy under acid immersion and salt spray environments(pH=3.5)are studied by Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM),optical microscope,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-Ray Diffraction(XRD),potentiodynamic polarization,Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS),and Scanning Kelvin Probe(SKP).The results show that pitting corrosion occurs at the initial corrosion stage,and the potential difference between the second phase particles is the main cause of pitting.Pitting pits on different locations gradually expand and coalesce with the proceeding of corrosion.The main components of corrosion products are Al_(2)O_(3),Al(OH)_(3),and AlCl_(3),and the generation rate of the corrosion product layer under the salt spray environment is larger than that under acid immersion environment.Under both environments,the Volta potential distribution first disperses and then concentrates,while the charge transfer resistance first decreases and then increases with the corrosion time.The Volta potential gradually shifts in a positive direction,indicating that corrosion products have an inhibitory effect on corrosion.After the same corrosion time,the corrosion product layer resistance and the expectation of the Volta potential of the salt spray sample are higher than those of the immersion sample.Comparatively,the corrosion current density for the salt spray sample is significantly lower than the immersion sample,which indicates that the thicker the corrosion product layer,the stronger the inhibition of corrosion reaction.

7系高强铝合金力学性能研究现状及发展趋势

高强铝合金材料在土木工程领域具有较为广泛的应用前景,然而关于7系高强铝合金材料尚无系统的研究,限制了其在大跨度空间结构、特种结构、极端环境等复杂工程中的应用。本文对比了几种较为常用的7系铝合金材料力学性能,并详细阐述了高强铝合金材料高温力学性能、构件承载性能以及焊接连接性能等方面的研究进展。从国内研究现状看出,目前已开展较为充分的高强铝合金材料力学性能研究,但是关于7系高强铝合金构件轴压稳定、抗弯、压弯下构件稳定性能的研究尚且不足,搅拌摩擦焊接连接节点受力性能的研究突破对高强铝合金材料的工程应用具有重要意义。本文基于现有研究的不足之处,展望了7系高强铝合金材料与构件性能研究的发展方向,以期推动高强铝合金材料的工程应用。

Through-thickness heterogeneity in creep properties of friction stir welding 7B50-T7451 aluminum alloy thick plate joint:Experiments and modeling

Through-thickness heterogeneity in creep properties of 7B50-T7451 aluminum alloy Friction Stir Welding(FSW)joints was investigated.Creep tests for three slices of the FSW joint were conducted at the temperature of 150-200℃ and applied stress of 60-225 MPa.The theta projection method was used to predict creep curves and minimum creep rate.The results show that the minimum creep rate increases and creep rupture life decreases with the increase of creep temperature and applied stress.Creep properties of the FSW joint deteriorate along the thickness direction from the top to the bottom.The threshold stress of all three slices of the FSW joint decreases with the increase of creep temperature and even disappears at 200℃ for the bottom slice.Creep activation energy approaches the activation energy of the lattice self-diffusion of aluminum.The value of true stress exponent for different slices is approximately equal to three.The predominant creep mechanism of the FSW joint is dislocation viscous glide by lattice self-diffusion.What is more,a constitutive model is established based on the theta method to accurately describe creep behavior ofdifferent slices of the FSW joint.

Effects of Multiple Plastic Deformations on Microstruc-ture and Mechanical Properties of 7A04-T6

The influences of multiple plastic deformations on microstructure and mechanical properties of 7A04-T6 alloy by isothermal compression experiments in different passes deformation on the 6300 kN extrusion press. The experimental results showed that the strength and elongation of 7A04-T6 alloy were increased firstly and then decreased as the deformation pass increases at above 400 ℃. The grains of 7A04-T6 alloy was refined firstly and then grow, the grain was become refinement after four deformations under this experimental conditions. The second phase η (MgZn2) in the matrix would precipitate after solution, precipitation strengthening taking place. It is obvious that the number of second phase which dissolve into the matrix will increase as the deformation pass increasing. So the tensile strength reached the highest after four deformations, is 590.9 MPa, yield strength is 532.5 MPa, and elongation is 12.4%. After four deformations of 7A04-T6 alloy, tensile fracture surface of samples was composed of the deep and uniform dimples, belonging to ductile fracture. Therefore, 7A04-T6 alloy has better comprehensive mechanical properties after four deformations.

7×××系超高强铝合金在我国轨道交通车辆的研究应用现状与展望

针对新一代轨道交通车辆制造提出的“绿色、安全、高效、智能”的重大应用需求,高比强度、良好韧性和耐蚀性的7×××系超高强铝合金在轨道交通车辆转向架部件具有重要的应用潜力和发展前景。本文回顾了7×××系超高强铝合金在国内轨道交通车辆的研究与应用现状。针对轨道交通车辆领域对7×××系超高强铝合金制造与服役的新需求,重点回顾和对比了两种典型7×××系超高强铝合金(7050和7085合金)的性能特点和研究现状,并展望了7×××系超高强铝合金在复杂条件下高效、安全和长寿命应用与服役亟需研究与解决的关键问题,期望为新一代轨道交通车辆转向架部件的设计、选材、制造、应用提供参考。