The shrinking Arctic sea-ice area(SIA) in recent decades is a striking manifestation of the ongoing climate change.Variations of the Arctic sea ice have been continuously observed by satellites since 1979, relatively ...The shrinking Arctic sea-ice area(SIA) in recent decades is a striking manifestation of the ongoing climate change.Variations of the Arctic sea ice have been continuously observed by satellites since 1979, relatively well monitored since the 1950s, but are highly uncertain in the earlier period due to a lack of observations. Several reconstructions of the historical gridded sea-ice concentration(SIC) data were recently presented based on synthesized regional sea-ice observations or by applying a hybrid model–empirical approach. Here, we present an SIC reconstruction for the period1901–2019 based on established co-variability between SIC and surface air temperature, sea surface temperature, and sea level pressure patterns. The reconstructed sea-ice data for March and September are compared to the frequently used Had ISST1.1 and SIBT1850 datasets. Our reconstruction shows a large decrease in SIA from the 1920 to 1940 concurrent with the Early 20th Century Warming event in the Arctic. Such a negative SIA anomaly is absent in Had ISST1.1 data. The amplitude of the SIA anomaly reaches about 0.8 mln km^(2) in March and 1.5 mln km^(2) in September. The anomaly is about three times stronger than that in the SIBT1850 dataset. The larger decrease in SIA in September is largely due to the stronger SIC reduction in the western sector of the Arctic Ocean in the 70°–80°N latitudinal zone. Our reconstruction provides gridded monthly data that can be used as boundary conditions for atmospheric reanalyses and model experiments to study the Arctic climate for the first half of the 20th century.展开更多
目的:探讨MARCH2和CFTR在结直肠癌中的蛋白表达及与临床病理参数的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测125例结直肠癌和30例正常结直肠黏膜组织中MARCH2和CFTR的表达,并复习相关文献。结果:在125例结直肠癌组织中,MARCH2和CFTR的阳...目的:探讨MARCH2和CFTR在结直肠癌中的蛋白表达及与临床病理参数的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测125例结直肠癌和30例正常结直肠黏膜组织中MARCH2和CFTR的表达,并复习相关文献。结果:在125例结直肠癌组织中,MARCH2和CFTR的阳性表达率分别为84.8%和8.8%,而在非肿瘤性肠组织中,这两种表达率的阳性率分别为6.7%和90.0%。MARCH2的阳性表达与肿瘤大小、深部浸润、淋巴结转移和TNM分期密切相关。此外,CFTR表达的缺失与分化不良、淋巴结转移和TNM分期显著相关。此外,MARCH2和CFTR表达之间存在显著负相关。结论:MARCH2在结直肠癌中高度表达,与肿瘤大小、深部浸润、淋巴结转移和TNM分期等预后不良参数有关。相比之下,CFTR在结直肠癌中几乎不表达,CFTR表达缺失与分化不良、淋巴结转移和TNM分期显著相关。MARCH2可能通过与CFTR的相互作用在结直肠癌的发展中发挥重要作用。它们可能成为结直肠癌诊断、治疗和预后评估的分子标志物。Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether the expressions of MARCH2 and CFTR in colorectal carcinomas were associated with clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The expressions of MARCH2 and CFTR were examined in 125 cases of colorectal carcinomas and 30 normal colorectal tissues using immunohistochemical staining. Results: The positive rates of MARCH2 and CFTR expressions in 125 cases of colorectal carcinoma were 84.8% and 8.8% respectively, whereas the positive expression rates of MARCH2 and CFTR in non-tumor colorectal tissues were 6.7% and 90.0% respectively. The positive expressions of MARCH2 were closely related to tumor size, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In addition, loss of expression of CFTR was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between MARCH2 and CFTR expression. Conclusions: MARCH2 is highly expressed in colorectal carcinomas, and is associated with poor prognostic parameters such as tumor size, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In contrast, CFTR barely expressed in colorectal carcinomas, and loss of expression of CFTR was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. MARCH2 may play an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma through interaction with CFTR. They may become molecular markers for diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation of colorectal carcinomas.展开更多
目的:探讨MARCH2多克隆抗体的制备、鉴定与纯化的方法以及其在组织和细胞系中的表达情况、在亚细胞结构中的定位情况。方法:利用DNAstar软件对MARCH2蛋白的抗原性等进行分析,化学合成MARCH2短肽,制备成完全抗原免疫家兔,获取血清,纯化,...目的:探讨MARCH2多克隆抗体的制备、鉴定与纯化的方法以及其在组织和细胞系中的表达情况、在亚细胞结构中的定位情况。方法:利用DNAstar软件对MARCH2蛋白的抗原性等进行分析,化学合成MARCH2短肽,制备成完全抗原免疫家兔,获取血清,纯化,用Western blot、Elisa、免疫荧光进行鉴定。用RT-PCR检测MARCH2在细胞系中的表达情况,用Western blot检测MARCH2在组织中的表达情况。用免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦显微镜分析检测MARCH2在亚细胞结构中的定位。结果:成功制备完全抗原免疫家兔,纯化出多克隆抗体,用Western blot、Elisa、免疫荧光法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。利用半定量RT-PCR方法,在32种细胞系中检测了MARCH2 mRNA的表达水平,结果显示,MARCH2呈广泛表达,在HeLa、U2OS、HCT116、COS7细胞中表达最高,在SKBR3、HGC-27、MGC-803细胞中低表达。利用组织芯片及免疫组织化学方法进一步分析了其在正常组织及肿瘤组织中的表达情况,染色结果显示,MARCH2呈广泛表达,在前列腺、肝组织中呈高表达,在横纹肌、甲状腺组织中呈低表达,主要在胞浆中呈现弥漫均匀细颗粒状分布。此外,MARCH2表达因肿瘤类型的不同有差异。与对应的正常组织相比,MARCH2在某些肿瘤(如前列腺癌、肝癌)组织中表达降低,而在某些肿瘤(如食管癌、结肠癌)组织中表达增高。用免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦显微镜分析检测MARCH2在亚细胞结构中的定位,发现MARCH2与内质网、高尔基体共定位,与溶酶体、内体部分共定位,与线粒体没有共定位。结论:成功获得了MARCH2多克隆抗体,为进一步研究MARCH2蛋白的功能奠定了基础。MARCH2在不同类型肿瘤中的差异表达及其在亚细胞结构中的定位高度提示MARCH2在肿瘤发生发展中具有重要的潜在应用价值。Aims: To explore the preparation, identification, and purification methods of MARCH2 polyclonal antibodies, as well as their expression and subcellular structural localization in tissues and cell lines. Methods: DNAstar software was used to analyze the antigenicity of MARCH2 protein, and MARCH2 short peptides were chemically synthesized to prepare complete antigen-immunized rabbits. Serum was obtained, purified, and identified by Western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescence. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of MARCH2 in cell lines, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of MARCH2 in tissues. Immunofluorescence and confocal laser microscopy were used to analyze and detect the localization of MARCH2 in subcellular structures. Results: Fully antigen-immunized rabbits were successfully prepared, and polyclonal antibodies were purified. Western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescence were used to confirm the successful preparation of polyclonal antibodies. Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR method, the expression level of MARCH2 mRNA was detected in 32 cell lines. The results showed that MARCH2 was widely expressed, with the highest expression in HeLa, U2OS, HCT116, and COS7 cells, and low expression in SKBR3, HGC-27, and MGC-803 cells. The expression of MARCH2 in normal and tumor tissues was further analyzed using tissue chips and immunohistochemical methods. The staining results showed that MARCH2 was widely expressed, with high expression in prostate and liver tissues, low expression in striated muscle and thyroid tissues, and mainly distributed in a diffuse and uniform granular form in the cytoplasm. In addition, MARCH2 expression varies depending on the type of tumor. Compared with corresponding normal tissues, MARCH2 expression is reduced in certain tumor tissues (such as prostate cancer and liver cancer), while it is increased in certain tumor tissues (such as esophageal cancer and colon cancer). Using immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy to analyze and detect the localization of MARCH2 in subcellular structures, it was found that MARCH2 was co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, with lysosomes and endosomes partially, but not with mitochondria. Conclusions: MARCH2 polyclonal antibodies have been successfully obtained, laying the foundation for further research on the function of MARCH2 protein. The differential expression of MARCH2 in different types of tumors and its localization in subcellular structures highly suggest that MARCH2 has important potential application value in tumor occurrence and development.展开更多
Language learning materials not only provide language input for learners but also subtly disseminate ideology and influence readers’behavior.This study,based on the framework of ecological discourse analysis,quantita...Language learning materials not only provide language input for learners but also subtly disseminate ideology and influence readers’behavior.This study,based on the framework of ecological discourse analysis,quantitatively analyzes and qualitatively describes the ecological significance of environmental texts in the 21st Century.The aim is to provide references for the compilation of environmental discourse in language learning materials,promote the construction of more ecologically beneficial discourse,and facilitate the widespread dissemination of the ecological philosophy of“Diversity and Harmony,Interaction and Co-existence”among young readers.The initial findings of this study are as follows:In the environmental texts of the publication,a large number of relational processes and action processes are used to objectively represent the natural environment;the discourse tends to be ambiguous and beneficial,generally aligning with the ecological philosophy of“Diversity and Harmony,Interaction and Co-existence.”This can guide readers to correctly understand and face environmental issues,which is conducive to the healthy development of natural ecosystems.展开更多
基金partly supported by the Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Agreement No.075-15-2021-577)the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No.23-47-00104)+2 种基金funded by the Research Council of Norway (Grant No.Combined 328935)the support of the Bjerknes Climate Prediction Unit with funding from the Trond Mohn Foundation (Grant No.BFS2018TMT01)the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42261134532)。
文摘The shrinking Arctic sea-ice area(SIA) in recent decades is a striking manifestation of the ongoing climate change.Variations of the Arctic sea ice have been continuously observed by satellites since 1979, relatively well monitored since the 1950s, but are highly uncertain in the earlier period due to a lack of observations. Several reconstructions of the historical gridded sea-ice concentration(SIC) data were recently presented based on synthesized regional sea-ice observations or by applying a hybrid model–empirical approach. Here, we present an SIC reconstruction for the period1901–2019 based on established co-variability between SIC and surface air temperature, sea surface temperature, and sea level pressure patterns. The reconstructed sea-ice data for March and September are compared to the frequently used Had ISST1.1 and SIBT1850 datasets. Our reconstruction shows a large decrease in SIA from the 1920 to 1940 concurrent with the Early 20th Century Warming event in the Arctic. Such a negative SIA anomaly is absent in Had ISST1.1 data. The amplitude of the SIA anomaly reaches about 0.8 mln km^(2) in March and 1.5 mln km^(2) in September. The anomaly is about three times stronger than that in the SIBT1850 dataset. The larger decrease in SIA in September is largely due to the stronger SIC reduction in the western sector of the Arctic Ocean in the 70°–80°N latitudinal zone. Our reconstruction provides gridded monthly data that can be used as boundary conditions for atmospheric reanalyses and model experiments to study the Arctic climate for the first half of the 20th century.
文摘目的:探讨MARCH2和CFTR在结直肠癌中的蛋白表达及与临床病理参数的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测125例结直肠癌和30例正常结直肠黏膜组织中MARCH2和CFTR的表达,并复习相关文献。结果:在125例结直肠癌组织中,MARCH2和CFTR的阳性表达率分别为84.8%和8.8%,而在非肿瘤性肠组织中,这两种表达率的阳性率分别为6.7%和90.0%。MARCH2的阳性表达与肿瘤大小、深部浸润、淋巴结转移和TNM分期密切相关。此外,CFTR表达的缺失与分化不良、淋巴结转移和TNM分期显著相关。此外,MARCH2和CFTR表达之间存在显著负相关。结论:MARCH2在结直肠癌中高度表达,与肿瘤大小、深部浸润、淋巴结转移和TNM分期等预后不良参数有关。相比之下,CFTR在结直肠癌中几乎不表达,CFTR表达缺失与分化不良、淋巴结转移和TNM分期显著相关。MARCH2可能通过与CFTR的相互作用在结直肠癌的发展中发挥重要作用。它们可能成为结直肠癌诊断、治疗和预后评估的分子标志物。Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether the expressions of MARCH2 and CFTR in colorectal carcinomas were associated with clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The expressions of MARCH2 and CFTR were examined in 125 cases of colorectal carcinomas and 30 normal colorectal tissues using immunohistochemical staining. Results: The positive rates of MARCH2 and CFTR expressions in 125 cases of colorectal carcinoma were 84.8% and 8.8% respectively, whereas the positive expression rates of MARCH2 and CFTR in non-tumor colorectal tissues were 6.7% and 90.0% respectively. The positive expressions of MARCH2 were closely related to tumor size, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In addition, loss of expression of CFTR was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between MARCH2 and CFTR expression. Conclusions: MARCH2 is highly expressed in colorectal carcinomas, and is associated with poor prognostic parameters such as tumor size, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In contrast, CFTR barely expressed in colorectal carcinomas, and loss of expression of CFTR was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. MARCH2 may play an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma through interaction with CFTR. They may become molecular markers for diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation of colorectal carcinomas.
文摘目的:探讨MARCH2多克隆抗体的制备、鉴定与纯化的方法以及其在组织和细胞系中的表达情况、在亚细胞结构中的定位情况。方法:利用DNAstar软件对MARCH2蛋白的抗原性等进行分析,化学合成MARCH2短肽,制备成完全抗原免疫家兔,获取血清,纯化,用Western blot、Elisa、免疫荧光进行鉴定。用RT-PCR检测MARCH2在细胞系中的表达情况,用Western blot检测MARCH2在组织中的表达情况。用免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦显微镜分析检测MARCH2在亚细胞结构中的定位。结果:成功制备完全抗原免疫家兔,纯化出多克隆抗体,用Western blot、Elisa、免疫荧光法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。利用半定量RT-PCR方法,在32种细胞系中检测了MARCH2 mRNA的表达水平,结果显示,MARCH2呈广泛表达,在HeLa、U2OS、HCT116、COS7细胞中表达最高,在SKBR3、HGC-27、MGC-803细胞中低表达。利用组织芯片及免疫组织化学方法进一步分析了其在正常组织及肿瘤组织中的表达情况,染色结果显示,MARCH2呈广泛表达,在前列腺、肝组织中呈高表达,在横纹肌、甲状腺组织中呈低表达,主要在胞浆中呈现弥漫均匀细颗粒状分布。此外,MARCH2表达因肿瘤类型的不同有差异。与对应的正常组织相比,MARCH2在某些肿瘤(如前列腺癌、肝癌)组织中表达降低,而在某些肿瘤(如食管癌、结肠癌)组织中表达增高。用免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦显微镜分析检测MARCH2在亚细胞结构中的定位,发现MARCH2与内质网、高尔基体共定位,与溶酶体、内体部分共定位,与线粒体没有共定位。结论:成功获得了MARCH2多克隆抗体,为进一步研究MARCH2蛋白的功能奠定了基础。MARCH2在不同类型肿瘤中的差异表达及其在亚细胞结构中的定位高度提示MARCH2在肿瘤发生发展中具有重要的潜在应用价值。Aims: To explore the preparation, identification, and purification methods of MARCH2 polyclonal antibodies, as well as their expression and subcellular structural localization in tissues and cell lines. Methods: DNAstar software was used to analyze the antigenicity of MARCH2 protein, and MARCH2 short peptides were chemically synthesized to prepare complete antigen-immunized rabbits. Serum was obtained, purified, and identified by Western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescence. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of MARCH2 in cell lines, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of MARCH2 in tissues. Immunofluorescence and confocal laser microscopy were used to analyze and detect the localization of MARCH2 in subcellular structures. Results: Fully antigen-immunized rabbits were successfully prepared, and polyclonal antibodies were purified. Western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescence were used to confirm the successful preparation of polyclonal antibodies. Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR method, the expression level of MARCH2 mRNA was detected in 32 cell lines. The results showed that MARCH2 was widely expressed, with the highest expression in HeLa, U2OS, HCT116, and COS7 cells, and low expression in SKBR3, HGC-27, and MGC-803 cells. The expression of MARCH2 in normal and tumor tissues was further analyzed using tissue chips and immunohistochemical methods. The staining results showed that MARCH2 was widely expressed, with high expression in prostate and liver tissues, low expression in striated muscle and thyroid tissues, and mainly distributed in a diffuse and uniform granular form in the cytoplasm. In addition, MARCH2 expression varies depending on the type of tumor. Compared with corresponding normal tissues, MARCH2 expression is reduced in certain tumor tissues (such as prostate cancer and liver cancer), while it is increased in certain tumor tissues (such as esophageal cancer and colon cancer). Using immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy to analyze and detect the localization of MARCH2 in subcellular structures, it was found that MARCH2 was co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, with lysosomes and endosomes partially, but not with mitochondria. Conclusions: MARCH2 polyclonal antibodies have been successfully obtained, laying the foundation for further research on the function of MARCH2 protein. The differential expression of MARCH2 in different types of tumors and its localization in subcellular structures highly suggest that MARCH2 has important potential application value in tumor occurrence and development.
文摘Language learning materials not only provide language input for learners but also subtly disseminate ideology and influence readers’behavior.This study,based on the framework of ecological discourse analysis,quantitatively analyzes and qualitatively describes the ecological significance of environmental texts in the 21st Century.The aim is to provide references for the compilation of environmental discourse in language learning materials,promote the construction of more ecologically beneficial discourse,and facilitate the widespread dissemination of the ecological philosophy of“Diversity and Harmony,Interaction and Co-existence”among young readers.The initial findings of this study are as follows:In the environmental texts of the publication,a large number of relational processes and action processes are used to objectively represent the natural environment;the discourse tends to be ambiguous and beneficial,generally aligning with the ecological philosophy of“Diversity and Harmony,Interaction and Co-existence.”This can guide readers to correctly understand and face environmental issues,which is conducive to the healthy development of natural ecosystems.
