Most multicellular organisms can be categorised by two words： hierarchy and composite. The underlying fractal geometry of nature - at least in terms of provision of infrastructure - provides much of the hierarchy, al...Most multicellular organisms can be categorised by two words： hierarchy and composite. The underlying fractal geometry of nature - at least in terms of provision of infrastructure - provides much of the hierarchy, although many materials for which infrastructure is not an integral factor are also strongly hierarchical. Plants can therefore be modelled using recursive computer programs which add structures as the size increases. However, problems with mechanical stability also increase as the structure grows, so the plant changes from deriving stiffness from intevaal pressure to cross-linking the cell wall components permanently. However, this compromises the ability of the plant to grow and repair itself.展开更多
Ideas from engineering have helped the understanding of biological organisms for thousands of years. However, the mechanical aspects of biological materials and structures can, if properly interpreted and analysed, le...Ideas from engineering have helped the understanding of biological organisms for thousands of years. However, the mechanical aspects of biological materials and structures can, if properly interpreted and analysed, lead to a deeper understanding of the biology of organisms. Such an approach, although always current in some form, is nevertheless subject to the vagaries of fashion and the availability of analytical techniques. At present we are in a period of upturn. Areas of interest are deployable structures （applications in aerospace）, palaeontology （how little do we need to know in order to create a credible biosphere） and food science （we need a rational approach to the mechanics of food）.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to develop a functional method for designing a series of submerged breakwaters on practical topography. The method is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of Bragg breakwaters ...The purpose of this paper is to develop a functional method for designing a series of submerged breakwaters on practical topography. The method is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of Bragg breakwaters for coastal protection by using field topography. The first part of this paper provides definitions and procedures needed in the design process for applying the mechanism of Bragg reflection. Next, Bragg breakwaters are designed on the basis of the cross-sectional topography and then on the plane topography of the Mi-Tuo coast by following the proposed process and procedure. Numerical modeling （Hsu et al., 2003; Wen and Tsai, 2008） was used as a design and assessment tool. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of a Bragg breakwater was assessed by practical cases. Based on the mechanism of Bragg reflection, an optimum layout for a series of submerged breakwaters is proposed to protect the Mi-Tuo coast. The results indicate that the proper layout of a series of submerged creakwaters can achieve the objective of beach protection.展开更多
A series of novet beryllophosphate zeolites,named BePO_4-CIn(n=4-7), are synthesized hydrothermally and characterized with X-ray powder diffraction,IR spectra,SEM,thermat analysis and ion-exchange.
In the middle of the 1980s the Chinese Government launched a campaign of poverty relief entitled the"Eight-Seven Plan to Attack Poverty".Later scholars from the China Tibetology Research Center followed the ...In the middle of the 1980s the Chinese Government launched a campaign of poverty relief entitled the"Eight-Seven Plan to Attack Poverty".Later scholars from the China Tibetology Research Center followed the implementation of the plan by conducting comprehensive academic studies.Subsequently, scholars closely observed the family of Lhundrup Tsomo and her community,Chundul Village in Lhundrup County of Lhasa,for ten years.In this paper and others to come,a series of"Lhundrup Tsomo's stories:Studies in the ...展开更多
The shortage of reference standards has become the bottleneck of quality control of TCMs.In this study,a series of strategies,including one single reference standard to determine multi-compounds(SSDMC),quantitative an...The shortage of reference standards has become the bottleneck of quality control of TCMs.In this study,a series of strategies,including one single reference standard to determine multi-compounds(SSDMC),quantitative analysis by standardized reference extract(QASRE),and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance展开更多
The present study investigates the validity of two writing tests respectively using one picture and a series of pictures to elicit writing samples. The study reveals the representativeness of writing assessment based ...The present study investigates the validity of two writing tests respectively using one picture and a series of pictures to elicit writing samples. The study reveals the representativeness of writing assessment based on writing samples elicited by only one picture is under reasonable suspicion, and the other approach seems to have preferable validity and discriminatory power.展开更多
文摘Most multicellular organisms can be categorised by two words： hierarchy and composite. The underlying fractal geometry of nature - at least in terms of provision of infrastructure - provides much of the hierarchy, although many materials for which infrastructure is not an integral factor are also strongly hierarchical. Plants can therefore be modelled using recursive computer programs which add structures as the size increases. However, problems with mechanical stability also increase as the structure grows, so the plant changes from deriving stiffness from intevaal pressure to cross-linking the cell wall components permanently. However, this compromises the ability of the plant to grow and repair itself.
文摘Ideas from engineering have helped the understanding of biological organisms for thousands of years. However, the mechanical aspects of biological materials and structures can, if properly interpreted and analysed, lead to a deeper understanding of the biology of organisms. Such an approach, although always current in some form, is nevertheless subject to the vagaries of fashion and the availability of analytical techniques. At present we are in a period of upturn. Areas of interest are deployable structures （applications in aerospace）, palaeontology （how little do we need to know in order to create a credible biosphere） and food science （we need a rational approach to the mechanics of food）.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to develop a functional method for designing a series of submerged breakwaters on practical topography. The method is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of Bragg breakwaters for coastal protection by using field topography. The first part of this paper provides definitions and procedures needed in the design process for applying the mechanism of Bragg reflection. Next, Bragg breakwaters are designed on the basis of the cross-sectional topography and then on the plane topography of the Mi-Tuo coast by following the proposed process and procedure. Numerical modeling （Hsu et al., 2003; Wen and Tsai, 2008） was used as a design and assessment tool. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of a Bragg breakwater was assessed by practical cases. Based on the mechanism of Bragg reflection, an optimum layout for a series of submerged breakwaters is proposed to protect the Mi-Tuo coast. The results indicate that the proper layout of a series of submerged creakwaters can achieve the objective of beach protection.
文摘A series of novet beryllophosphate zeolites,named BePO_4-CIn(n=4-7), are synthesized hydrothermally and characterized with X-ray powder diffraction,IR spectra,SEM,thermat analysis and ion-exchange.
文摘In the middle of the 1980s the Chinese Government launched a campaign of poverty relief entitled the"Eight-Seven Plan to Attack Poverty".Later scholars from the China Tibetology Research Center followed the implementation of the plan by conducting comprehensive academic studies.Subsequently, scholars closely observed the family of Lhundrup Tsomo and her community,Chundul Village in Lhundrup County of Lhasa,for ten years.In this paper and others to come,a series of"Lhundrup Tsomo's stories:Studies in the ...
基金financially supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.81222051)National Key Technology R&D Program"New Drug Innovation"of China(No.2012ZX09304-005)
文摘The shortage of reference standards has become the bottleneck of quality control of TCMs.In this study,a series of strategies,including one single reference standard to determine multi-compounds(SSDMC),quantitative analysis by standardized reference extract(QASRE),and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance
文摘The present study investigates the validity of two writing tests respectively using one picture and a series of pictures to elicit writing samples. The study reveals the representativeness of writing assessment based on writing samples elicited by only one picture is under reasonable suspicion, and the other approach seems to have preferable validity and discriminatory power.
