Evolution and Governance of the Structure of Marine Economic Networks in China’s Coastal Areas: Based on Sea-related A-share Listed Companies

Data on discrete,isolated attributes of the marine economy are often used in traditional marine economic research.However,as the focus of urban research shifts from internal static attributes to external dynamic linkages,the importance of marine economic net-work research is beginning to emerge.The construction of the marine economic network in China’s coastal areas is necessary to change the flow of land and sea resources and optimize regional marine economic development.Employing data from headquarters and branches of sea-related A-share listed enterprises to construct the marine economic network in China,we use social network analysis(SNA)to discuss the characteristics of its evolution as of 2010,2015,and 2020 and its governance.The following results were obtained.1)In terms of topological characteristics,the scale of the marine economic network in China’s coastal areas has accelerated and expan-ded,and the connections have become increasingly close;thus,this development has complex network characteristics.2)In terms of spatial structure,the intensity of the connection fluctuates and does not form stable development support;the group structure gradually becomes clear,but the overall pattern is fragmented;there are spatial differences in marine economic agglomeration radiation;the radi-ation effect of the eastern marine economic circle is obvious;and the polarization effect of northern and southern marine economic circles is significant.On this basis,we construct a framework for the governance of a marine economic network with the market,the government,and industry as the three governing bodies.By clarifying the driving factors and building objectives of marine economic network construction,this study aims to foster the high-quality development of China’s marine economy.

Exploring the Relationship Between Patent Forward Citation and Stock Return Rate Using Empirical Data of China Stock Market

A novel indicator called price-citation was proposed.Based on the company integrated patent database of China listed companies of common stocks(A-shares)with the stock price and the stock return rate data,more than two thousand of A-shares from 2017 to 2020 were selected.The effect of the traditional patent forward citation and the price-citation for discriminating the stock return rate was thoroughly analyzed via ANOVA.The A-shares of forward citation counts above the average showed higher stock return rate means than the A-shares having patents but receiving no forward citations.The price-citation,combining both the financial and patent attributes,defined as the multiplication of the current stock price and the currently receiving forward citation count,showed its excellence in discriminating the stock return rate.The A-shares of higher price-citation showed significantly higher stock return rate means while the A-shares of lower price-citation showed significantly lowest stock return rate means.The price-citation effect had not been changed by COVID-19 though COVID-19 affected the social and economic environment to a considerable extent in 2020.

Exploring Patent Effects on Higher Stock Price and Stock Return Rate-A Study in China Stock Market

Based on the valid patent data and stock price data of China A-shares,the patent effects of four patent species including the invention publication,the invention grant,the utility model grant,and the design grant,on the stock price and the stock return rate were analyzed via analysis of variance(ANOVA).It was proved that the A-shares having new patents of any patent species shown the higher stock price mean and the higher stock return rate mean than those A-shares having no new patents did.The A-shares having new design grants were found to show the highest stock price mean among the A-shares having new patents of any patent species.The A-shares in the group of top 25%patent count of either the invention publication or the invention grant shown the highest stock return rates mean than those A-shares in other groups of less patent count did.The invention grant,following the general concept,showed its excellent patent effect.The design grant,beyond the expectation,also showed patent effects on the higher stock price and the higher stock return rate.The finding would improve the state of the art in the patent valuation and the listing company evaluation.

Whether profitability and investment factors have additional explanatory power compared with Fama-French three-factor model:Empirical evidence on Chinese A-share stock market

Fama and French propose a five-factor model containing the market factor and factors related to size,book-to-market equity ratio,profitability and investment,which outperforms the Fama-French three-factor model in their paper 2014.This study investigates the performance of Fama-French five-factor model and compare with that of Fama-French three-factor model on Chinese A-share stock market.The empirical results show that Fama-French five-factor model explanatory power has differences among different sets of portfolios.Compared with Fama-French three-factor model,the presence of profitability and investment factors donot seem to capture more variations of expected stock returns than the three-factor model except for six value-weighted portfolios formed on size and operating profitability.

Fama-French-factor model,size and book-to-market effect:An empirical investigation of the Chinese stock market

In this study, we use Chinese A-share stock market data from 1995 to 2005 to test the persistence of the size and valueeffect and the robustness of the Fama-French three-factor model in explaining the variation in stock returns.Wefind that the three-factor model can explain the common variation in stock returns well.However, it is mis-specifiedfor the Chinese stock market.We demonstrate that the size effect and the book-to-market effect are significant andpersistent over our sample period.Interestingly, the book-to-market effect for China is much stronger than the averageones in mature markets and other emerging markets documented by Fama and French (1998).Moreover, we find noevidence to support the argument that seasonal effects can explain the results of the multifactor model.Last, our mixedobservations on firm-specific fundamentals suggest that the risk-based explanation proposed by Fama and French(1995) cannot shed light on the size and BM effect for China.In view of the features of the Chinese stock market, weinstead argue that China’s size and book-to-market effect may be attributed to syndicate speculators’ manipulation andmispricing caused by irrational investor behavior.

Accounting Conservatism:A Study of Market-Level and Firm-Level Explanatory Factors

This paper investigates the factors affecting the conservatism of accounting reports at the market-level and firm-level. At the market-level, law and institutional factors explain conservatism, while at the firm-level contracting is the driver. We predict and observe that while both levels jointly affect conservatism, it is firm-level factors that play a dominant role. The conclusion suggests that it is more effective to improve the quality of accounting reports by motivating the firm's own demand rather than through listing in a developed capital market.

Performance of Price Limits: Evidence from Cross-Listed Stocks in China

Previous literature on price limit offers mixed empirical evidence on the effectiveness of price limits.This study complements the literature by providing a quasi-natural experiment to study the performance of price limit. We examine the effectiveness of price limit rule using cross-listed stocks in the Chinese stock markets and Hong Kong stock market. We find that the influence of price limit becomes weaker as limit-hitting stocks are traded more actively. Among stocks with high trading activity, the delay of efficient price discovery, the volatility spillover and the trading interference become statistically insignificant. This challenges the views of price limit critics. Additionally, we find that the effect of price limits on the trading is asymmetric for A-shares in the upward and downward price movements.

Premiums between Cross-listed Shares:Determinants and Assessment of Financial Reform Policy Effectiveness

This paper explores determinants of price premiums between A-share and American depositary receipts(ADR)or H-share and sheds light on policies using daily data from cross-listed companies from 2002-2020.Market sentiment and financial openness are critical in explaining both types of price premiums.Expected exchange rate changes significantly impact the A-share versus ADR premium but liquidity is essential for the A-share versus H-share premium.The introduction of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect in November 2014 has effectively increased the price discovery capacity of the A-share market,and investors were more adaptive to the RMB foreign exchange rate volatility after Chinese exchange rate system reform in 2015.The paper provides insights into future capital market reform in China.