Yu Xiangzhi:Presenting Working People's Enthusiasm and Dedication in the New Era via Paintings

In recent years,artist Yu Xiangzhi has focused on the new outlook of the working people in the new era and created a series of portraits called "Paean to Heroes",presenting working people's enthusiasm and dedication in the new era with paintings.He hopes that this series of works can resonate with the public,who will pay more attention to the life and working conditions of grassroots workers.Recently,this magazine has interviewed Yu Xiangzhi and talked about the story behind the creation of his "Paean to Heroes"series of oil paintings.

Blue Calico Printing and Dyeing Craft in Tongxiang

BLUE calico is a traditional Chinese handmade printed fabric.Dyed in indigo,it has a blue base with white patterns.Tongxiang,a city in east China’s Zhejiang Province,is well-known for printing and dyeing blue calico.The craft boasts a history of a millennium in the town with its heyday in the Tang(618-907)and Song(960-1279)dynasties.The technique was widely applied by the general public during the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911).

安康湘语“咖”[kA^(0)]的语义及用法考察

在陕南安康湘语中,“咖”的使用频率非常高,既可以作动结式第二成分,有着较为实在的词汇意义,也可以作动态助词,表示动作的完成,意义完全虚化。与迁出地湘语“咖”相比,安康湘语“咖”的使用受限较多,且只能与“哩”组合使用,这说明移民方言不仅受周边方言的影响,其内部之间也会相互影响。

基于转录组测序的巴马香猪和杜洛克猪骨骼肌差异lncRNA分析

【目的】通过对巴马香猪和杜洛克猪背最长肌组织进行转录组测序鉴定差异表达lncRNA,筛选与骨骼肌发育形成相关的候选基因,为明确lncRNA对骨骼肌生长发育的调控机制提供理论基础。【方法】采集12月龄的巴马香猪和杜洛克猪背最长肌组织进行转录组测序,以错误发现率(FDR)<0.05且|log2Fold Change|>1为标准筛选差异表达基因(DEGs)和差异表达lncRNA,并进行实时荧光定量PCR验证,预测差异表达lncRNA靶基因并进行GO功能注释和KEGG信号通路富集分析,选取表达差异最大的lncRNA构建其与靶基因互作网络。【结果】在巴马香猪和杜洛克猪背肌间共鉴定出6316个DEGs和675个差异表达lncRNA;GO功能注释分析结果表明,差异表达lncRNA靶基因主要涉及代谢过程、肌肉组织发育及骨骼肌细胞增殖和分化等生物过程;KEGG信号通路富集分析结果表明,差异表达lncRNA靶基因在Hippo和Wnt信号通路显著富集(P<0.05),说明差异表达lncRNA与骨骼肌细胞的增殖、自噬和分化相关;对表达差异最大的lncRNA-MSTRG.16703进行实时荧光定量PCR验证,发现其在巴马香猪中的相对表达量极显著高于杜洛克猪(P<0.01),与转录组测序结果一致。lncRNA-MSTRG.16703与靶基因互作网络分析结果表明,上调靶基因包括QKI、MBNL1和YBX2,QKI和MBNL1在均与可变剪接相关。【结论】在巴马香猪和杜洛克猪间发现的差异表达lncRNA是调控骨骼肌发育的候选基因,其靶基因主要富集在Hippo和Wnt等骨骼肌发育相关信号通路。lncRNA-MSTRG.16703的表达差异最大且在巴马香猪中上调,其靶基因在骨骼肌细胞增殖分化和肌纤维形成中有重要调控作用。

WTA ‘Xianghu Dialogue' 2022 Opens in Hangzhou

From February 24 to 25,World Tourism Alliance(WTA)"Xianghu Dialogue"2022 was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,under the theme of"Harmonious Symbiosis:A New Paradigm for a New Tourism"to build consensus and promote cooperation.

Erratum to:Influence law of modified glutinous rice-based materials on gravel soil reinforcement and water erosion process

The original online version of this article was revised.The first author is“ZHANG Weng-xiang”in the original article.The first author’s name has been corrected to“ZHANG Wen-xiang”.

基于CiteSpace的中医象思维研究文献可视化分析

目的借助CiteSpace软件探测象思维在中医药领域的研究应用现状。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)建库至2023年8月18日中医象思维研究文献,通过CiteSpace5.6.R4软件对作者、机构及关键词进行可视化分析。结果纳入文献566篇,该领域高发文量作者为邢玉瑞、王永炎、白雪、王小强;核心研究机构为北京中医药大学、陕西中医药大学、山东中医药大学、中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所;关键词分析显示,“取象比类”“逻辑思维”“取象思维”“具象思维”等思维方式方法类关键词及“《黄帝内经》”“中医基础理论”“藏象学说”“中药”“辨证论治”等理法方药类关键词频次较高;关键词共聚为10类,通过突现探测可得15个突现关键词。结论象思维在具象思维指导下,以取象比类、取象思维、意象思维等为主要方法,在中医药领域得到了广泛应用。该领域研究热点主要集中在中医基础理论、中医经典、中药和辨证论治等方向,与临床思维的结合与应用是中医象思维的未来研究趋势。

Single-cell profiling of the pig cecum at various developmental stages

The gastrointestinal tract is essential for food digestion,nutrient absorption,waste elimination,and microbial defense.Single-cell transcriptome profiling of the intestinal tract has greatly enriched our understanding of cellular diversity,functional heterogeneity,and their importance in intestinal tract development and disease.Although such profiling has been extensively conducted in humans and mice,the single-cell gene expression landscape of the pig cecum remains unexplored.Here,single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 45572 cells obtained from seven cecal samples in pigs at four different developmental stages(days(D)30,42,150,and 730).Analysis revealed 12 major cell types and 38 subtypes,as well as their distinctive genes,transcription factors,and regulons,many of which were conserved in humans.An increase in the relative proportions of CD8^(+)T and Granzyme A(low expression)natural killer T cells(GZMA^(low)NKT)cells and a decrease in the relative proportions of epithelial stem cells,Tregs,RHEX^(+)T cells,and plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs)were noted across the developmental stages.Moreover,the post-weaning period exhibited an up-regulation in mitochondrial genes,COX2 and ND2,as well as genes involved in immune activation in multiple cell types.Cell-cell crosstalk analysis indicated that IBP6^(+)fibroblasts were the main signal senders at D30,whereas IBP6^(−)fibroblasts assumed this role at the other stages.NKT cells established interactions with epithelial cells and IBP6^(+)fibroblasts in the D730 cecum through mediation of GZMA-F2RL1/F2RL2 pairs.This study provides valuable insights into cellular heterogeneity and function in the pig cecum at different development stages.

An Ultimate Approach to Retarding the Aging Process by Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

Aging and death are unavoidable in life. While immortality may be impossible, many people dream of living a long and healthy life. Throughout history, humans have searched for ways to stay young, but have not found an effective way. This may be because the methods used do not target the causes of aging directly. To address this, we investigated how to delay aging using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine approaches. In this article, we will explain the causes of aging in the context of TCM and Western medicine and suggest methods to delay it. By integrating TCM and Western medicine, I hope to help everyone age healthily and enjoy a long life.

基于转录组测序的剑白香猪表皮颜色相关miRNA筛选与鉴定

【目的】对剑白香猪黑色和白色表皮组织进行转录组测序,筛选出对黑色素生成起调节作用的miRNA,为进一步研究miRNA对剑白香猪表皮颜色形成的调控机制提供理论依据。【方法】以剑白香猪黑色和白色表皮组织为试验材料进行转录组测序,以|log2FoldChange|≥1且错误发现率(FDR)≤0.05为标准,采用DESeq2筛选差异表达miRNA,使用miRanda和RNAhybrid预测差异表达miRNA靶基因并进行GO功能注释和KEGG信号通路富集分析,构建差异表达miRNA、靶基因和KEGG信号通路互作网络,利用实时荧光定量PCR对转录组测序结果进行验证。【结果】从剑白香猪黑色和白色表皮中鉴定出280个已知miRNA和618个新miRNA,筛选出17个差异表达miRNA,白色表皮较黑色表皮有10个miRNA上调表达,7个miRNA下调表达。共预测获得1327个靶基因,GO功能注释分析结果显示,在生物学过程中,差异表达miRNA靶基因主要涉及上皮发育、细胞增殖和分解代谢过程等条目;在细胞组分和分子功能中,主要涉及细胞质、细胞质囊泡、ATP结合和催化活性等条目。KEGG信号通路富集结果显示,靶基因在磷脂酰肌醇信号系统、黑色素生成和细胞色素P450等信号通路富集,其中ssc-miR-615靶基因包括CALM3、CREBBP、FZD5和DVL2,其富集通路均与表皮色素沉着有关,ssc-miR-221-3p靶基因TYRP1和ssc-miR-224靶基因RAB23富集的通路与黑色素生成有关。选取7个差异表达miRNA与靶基因TYRP1和RAB23进行实时荧光定量PCR验证,结果表明差异表达miRNA的表达变化与转录组测序分析的变化趋势一致,TYRP1和RAB23在剑白香猪黑色表皮中的表达量极显著高于白色表皮(P<0.01)。【结论】ssc-miR-615、ssc-miR-221-3p和ssc-miR-224是影响剑白香猪表皮颜色的候选基因,可能对剑白香猪表皮的黑色素形成有重要影响。

Two Female Characters of Tragic Fate from Different Countries—Tess and Xianglin's Wife

This article mainly deals with the comparison between the main character Xiang Lin’s wife in Lu Xun’s short narrative story Blessing and the main character Tess in the novel Tess of the D'Urbervilles written by the famous critic realistic British writer Hardy in 19th century.This article discusses about the similarities and differences between the two tragic figures from three aspects,namely the background of their times;the origins of their tragedies and the personalities of the two women,so that the readers may have a better understanding of the themes of the two novels.

Optimal storage temperature and 1-MCP treatment combinations for different marketing times of Korla Xiang pears

Maintenance of green color is the primary indicator of quality in the market evaluation of Korla Xiang pears at present and can generally be achieved through early harvesting and decreasing the storage temperature, but the fruit quality was reduced by early harvesting, and the decreasing storage temperature increased the risk of chilling injury. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal storage parameters for different storage times and to find ways to preserve the green skin color of pears. Specifically, we analyzed the effects of the ethylene inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene （1-MCP）, combined with low temperature on quality and maintenance of the green color of Korla Xiang pears during storage. We found that 1-MCP and/or low temperature reduced the loss of green color at 20℃ after being removed from cold storage. In addition, 1-MCP significantly inhibited the decline of titratable acid and ascorbic acid but had no significant effect on fruit firmness and total soluble solids. Low temperature with or without 1-MCP inhibited the release of ethylene, inhibited the decline in the stalk preservation index, inhibited the increase in decay rate and weight loss rate during storage, and inhibited the increase in the core browning index after 225 days of storage. Different storage temperatures had different effects on the quality of Korla Xiang pears. Despite inhibiting ethylene release, a storage temperature of-1.5℃ increased the respiration rate. Storage at -1.5℃ caused core browning eady during storage due to chilling injury, whereas at 2℃ core browning occurred late during storage due to senescence. In late storage, 1-MCP had no significant effect on the maintenance of Korla Xiang pear quality at 2℃. Based on these results, we determined the optimal combinations of low temperature and 1-MCP treatment to maintain pear quality while avoiding chilling injury. For different marketing times, the optimal conditions for storage until New Year＇s Day （a storage duration of 90 days） are 2℃ or 1-MCP combined with 2℃. For storage until the Spring Festival （a storage duration of 150 days）, the optimal conditions are 0℃ or 1-MCP combined with 0℃, and for storage until May （a storage duration of 225 days）, the best conditions are 1-MCP combined with -1.5℃.

Genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal selection of genes for puberty in Bama Xiang pigs

The Bama Xiang pig （BMX） Chinese indigenous breed is a famous early-maturing with a two-end black coat To uncover the genetic basis of the BMX phenotype, we conducted comparative genomic analyses between BMX and East Asian wild boars and Laiwu pigs, respectively. Genes under positive selection were enriched in pathways associated with gonadal hormone and melanin synthesis, consistent with the phenotypic changes observed during development in BMX pigs. We also performed differentially expressed gene analysis based on RNA-seq data from pituitary tissues of BMX and Large White pigs. The CTTNBP2NL, FRS2, KANK4, and KATNAL1 genes were under selection and exhibited expressional changes in the pituitary tissue, which may affect BMX pig puberty. Our study demonstrated the positive selection of early maturity in the development of BMX pigs and advances our knowledge on the role of regulatory elements in puberty evolution in pigs.

从江香猪CYP2D25 mRNA表达特性研究

为分析从江香猪CYP2D25 mRNA的组织分布和诱导特性,累积其药物代谢模型研发基础资料,应用实时荧光定量PCR方法研究从江香猪CYP2D25 mRNA的组织分布,以及利福平对其表达的影响.研究结果发现:CYP2D25 mRNA在从江香猪肝脏、十二指肠、皮肤、肾脏、胃、心脏、肺、大脑和脊髓均有表达,以肝脏中表达水平最高,为8.8190,显著高于其余组织;肾次之,再次为皮肤、大脑、脊髓及十二指肠;心最低.利福平处理组从江香猪只有肝脏检测到CYP2D25 mRNA表达,其表达水平与对照组无显著差异.研究结果与人体同源酶CYP2D6 mRNA的表达特性类似,提示从转录层面看从江香猪可用于人CYP2D6所代谢药物的安全性评价研究.

Variation of Serum Protein Level in Xiang Piglets at Different Month of Age

Usual clinieal methods were used to determine the concentrations of scrum protein, albumin and globulin in Xiang piglets from the 1st month to the 6th month of age. Thirteen piglcts(cight males and five females) born in Spring were selected from the Livestock Experimental Station of NEAU. The results showed that the scrum protein level was different at different month of age. The lowest level was found at the 1st month of age, and the highest at the 4th month of age. The difference in scrum protein concentration was significant between different months of age. There was, however, no significant difference between sexes at the same month of age.

香猪睾丸间质细胞 TAS 1R3基因干扰后对自噬相关因子的影响

旨在探究 TAS1 R3基因通过mTOR对从江香猪自噬相关基因表达的影响。本试验选择30日龄健康雄性从江香猪3头,采集睾丸组织并培养出睾丸间质细胞。将构建成功的干扰载体和空载体转染至细胞中,利用qRT-PCR检测其对 TAS 1R3基因表达影响,运用qRT-PCR和Western blot检测 TAS1 R3基因干扰后对味觉受体第一家族一号受体(TAS1R1)、细胞外信号调节激酶1(ERK1 ) 、细胞外信号调节激酶2(ERK2)、雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、 BECN1 和微管相关蛋白1轻链3β(MAP1LC3B)表达的影响。结果表明,当 TAS 1R3基因被干扰后,相较于shRNA-NC对照组, TAS 1R1、 ERK 1、 ERK 2、 mTOR 基因mRNA表达量均极显著降低( P <0.01),自噬因子 BECN1 和 MAP 1LC3B表达量极显著升高( P <0.01)。Western blot结果表明当 TAS 1R3基因被干扰后,与 shRNA-NC 对照组相比,蛋白T1R3、T1R1、p-mTOR、p-S6K1、p-ERK12均极显著降低( P <0.01),而自噬蛋白 Beclin 1 表达量极显著升高( P <0.01)。本试验通过将 TAS 1R3基因干扰载体转染至睾丸间质细胞,发现当 TAS 1R3基因被干扰后可通过影响 mTOR 基因的表达,调控其下游自噬因子的表达,提示 TAS 1R3基因与睾丸间质细胞的自噬密切相关,这为进一步研究 TAS 1R3基因通过调节自噬影响香猪生殖活动提供了借鉴。

Xiang荷中天然色素的提取及其稳定性的研究

本文研究以Xiang荷为原料，用水作为溶剂提取出成本低廉，安全性高的天然紫色色素的方法。该色素水溶液的最大吸收波长为280nm。Xiang荷色素在酸性条件下稳定，呈紫色，在碱性条件下为棕褐色。该色素的热稳定性好，光照有利于显色，耐一定的还原性，但耐氧性较差。

Characteristics of High Quality Rice Xiang 5 and the Supporting Cultivation Techniques

The high quality rice,Xiang 5,is a new strain bred by Institute of Food Crops of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences which first hybridizes Chinese scented rice with 9311,and then re-crosses it with Ezhong 5 for continuous generations. The strain has good quality,high yield,suitable maturity period,strong scent,strong combining ability and other features. This paper summarizes the appearance characteristics of Xiang 5 and main points of the supporting cultivation techniques,aimed at providing technical support and theoretical reference for its field production.

香猪MAP3K4基因结构变异多态性和基因表达研究

基于前期比较基因组学分析,在香猪的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶激酶4(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4,MAP 3K4)基因第15内含子中发现一个189 bp的结构变异(MAP3K4-I15-sv189)。为探究该结构变异(structural variation,SV)在香猪群体中的多态性分布及其对基因表达的影响,本研究设计一对特异性引物,建立MAP 3K4基因SV的PCR检测技术,分析香猪群体中该结构变异的基因类型;采用RT-qPCR研究结构变异不同基因型之间基因的差异表达。结果显示,香猪群体中MAP3K4-I15-sv189位点存在两种基因型,DD型和ID型(D为缺失基因,I与参考基因一致),其中D等位基因的频率为97.35%;大白猪群体中检测到3种基因型,DD型、ID型和II型,D等位基因频率为80%。相比之下,香猪的D等位基因频率显著高于大白猪的相应值(P<0.05)。采用生物信息学方法分析结构变异区域得到多种剪接元件和重复元件,可能影响MAP 3K4基因的表达。比较香猪各组织中MAP 3K4基因的表达量,发现该基因在肺组织的表达量最高。进一步检测肺组织中3种结构变异类型的相对表达量,显示:DD型>ID型>II型,表明SV的缺失可能促进MAP 3K4基因的表达。本研究表明,香猪MAP 3K4的结构变异MAP3K4-I15-sv189以缺失型为主,缺失型可促进肺组织MAP 3K4基因的表达。研究结果有助于解析香猪易感肺部疾病的分子机制。

Experimental Study and Clinical Observation on Therapy of Chronic Gastritis with Shen Xiang Yang Wei San.

According to the basic theory of the tradi-tional Chinese medicine,we have composed aprescription called Shen Xiang Yang Wei San(SXYWS,a powder)to treat chronic gastritis.After intravenous injection,it can evidently incr-