Improved Corrosion Behavior of Biodegradable Mg-4Zn-1Mn Alloy Modified by Sr/F co-doped CaP Micro-arc Oxidation Coatings

The Sr/F co-doped CaP(Sr/F-CaP)coatings were prepared by micro-arc oxidation(MAO)under different voltages to modify the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Mg-4Zn-1Mn alloy.The surface and interface characteristics investigated using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDS)showed that the MAO coatings displayed uneven crater-like holes and tiny cracks under lower voltage,while they exhibited relatively homogeneous crater-like holes without cracks under higher voltage.The thickness of MAO coatings increased with increasing voltage.The corrosion behavior of Mg-4Zn-1Mn alloy was improved by the MAO coatings.The MAO coatings prepared under 450 V and 500 V voltages possessed the best corrosion resistance with regard to the electrochemical corrosion tests and immersion corrosion tests,respectively.The MAO coatings fabricated under 450-500 V could provide a better corrosion protection effect for the substrate.

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of sand-cast Mg-4Y-2Nd-1Gd-0.4Zr magnesium alloy

Influence of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of sand-cast Mg-4Y-2Nd-1Gd-0.4Zr magnesium alloy was investigated,and the tensile fracture mechanisms of the studied alloys under different conditions were also discussed.The results show that the optimum T4 and T6 heat treatment conditions for the as-cast Mg-4Y-2Nd-1Gd-0.4Zr alloy are 525°C,8 h and（525°C,8 h）＋（225°C,16 h）,respectively,with regard to the microstructure observation,DSC heating curve and mechanical properties.The hardness,yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the Mg-4Y-2Nd-1Gd-0.4Zr alloy treated by optimum T6 heat treatment are HV91,180 MPa,297 MPa and 7.4%,respectively.Moreover,the Mg-4Y-2Nd-1Gd-0.4Zr alloys under different heat treatment conditions exhibit different tensile fracture modes.

Microstructures and mechanical properties of as-extruded and heat treated Mg-6Zn-1Mn-4Sn-1.5Nd alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-6Zn-1Mn-4Sn-1.5Nd alloy subjected to extrusion and T5 treatment were investigated using optical microscopy（OM）, X-ray diffractometer（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, electron back scattered diffraction（EBSD）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, hardness tests and uniaxial tensile tests. The results showed that the as-cast alloy consisted of α（Mg）, Mn, Mg7Zn3, Mg2 Sn and Mg Sn Nd phases. Dynamic recrystallization has completed during the extrusion process and the average grain size was 7.2 μm. After T5 treatment, the strength increased obviously, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of as-extruded alloy were increased by 94 and 34 MPa, respectively. Microstructure characterization revealed that the improvement of strength was determined by the high number density of β′1 rods.

Microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca aged alloy

The microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca aged alloy was investigated by TEM and HRTEM. The results show that the hardening produced in the Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca alloy is considerably higher than that in the Mg-8Zn-4A1 alloy. A dense dispersion of disc-like Ca2Mg6Zn3 precipitates are formed in Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca alloy aged at 160 ℃ for 16 h. In addition, the lattice distortions, honeycomb-looking Moir＆#233; fringes, edge dislocations and dislocation loop also exist in the microstructure. The precipitates of alloy aged at 160 ℃ for 48 h are coarse disc-like and fine dispersed grainy. When the alloy is subjected to aging at 160 ℃ for 227 h, the microstructure consists of numerous MgZn2 precipitates and Ca2Mg6Zn3 precipitates. All the analyses show that Ca is a particularly effective trace addition in improving the age-hardening and postponing the formation of MgZn2 precipitates in Mg-8Zn-4Al alloy aged at 160 ℃.

Hot deformation behaviors and dynamic recrystallization mechanism of Ti-35421 alloy inβsingle field

Hot deformation behaviors and microstructure evolution of Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe(Ti-35421)alloy in theβsingle field are investigated by isothermal compression tests on a Gleeble-3500 simulator at temperatures of 820-900°C and strain rates of 0.001-1 s^(-1).The research results show that discontinuous yield phenomenon and rheological softening are affected by the strain rates and deformation temperatures.The critical conditions for dynamic recrystallization and kinetic model of Ti-35421 alloy are determined,and the Arrhenius constitutive model is constructed.The rheological behaviors of Ti-35421 alloys aboveβphase transformation temperature are predicted by the constitutive model accurately.The EBSD analysis proves that the deformation softening is controlled by dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization.In addition,continuous dynamic recrystallization is determined during hot deformation,and the calculation model for recrystallization grain sizes is established.Good linear dependency between the experimental and simulated values of recrystallized grain sizes indicates that the present model can be used for the prediction of recrystallized grain size with high accuracy.

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF RAPIDLY QUENCHED(Fe_(1-x)Ga_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) ALLOYS

The Curie temperature increases but crystallization temperature decreases with the in- crease of Ga content,x,of amorphous(Fe_(1-x)Ga_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) alloys.The average magnetic moment of Fe atoms is almost a constant.By X-ray diffraction and ther- momagnetic measurements,the crystalline phases of the alloys,an unknown phase and α-(Fe,Ga)besides Fe_3 B as major one,were identified.The relationship between room temperature coercive field and Ga.content was also studied.

Characteristics of Faigue Crack Initiation in Ti-5Al-4Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.7Nd-0.25Si Alloy

The characteristics of fatigue crack initiation in Ti-5AI-4Sn-2Zr1Mo-O.7Nd-O.25Si alloy wereStudied. Two modes Of fatigue crack initiation were found. The Nd-rich phase particles displaybetter resistance to fatigue crack initiation than the matrix at lower stress.

Intragranular Rare Earth－rich Phases in As－cast High－temperature Ti－5Al－4Sn－2Zr－1MO－0．25Si－1Nd Alloy

In the as-cast Ti-55 alloy, the intragranular rare earth-rich phase particles are about 1. 0～14 μm in diameter, elliptical, and rich in Nd, Sn, and O. The contents of Nd and Sn on the grain boundaries are higher than those at other sites. The intragranular phases grow preferably at the region on the grain boundaries, which causes the formation of the elliptical morphology of the intragranular phases.

PHASE COMPONENT AND CURIE TEMPERATURE OFNd_4(Fe_(1-x)Cr_x)_(77.5)B_(18.5)ALLOYS

The phase component and Curie tempemture of Nd4(Fe1-xCrx)77.5B18.5 (0 <x <0.25) alloys have been studied. X-ray diffraction analysis shows the presence of α-Fe and Fe3B phases in the samples with x < 0.1 and the presence of α-Fe, Nd2Fe14B and Fe2B phases in the samples with x > 0.1. The magnetic measurement shows that Curie temperutures of Fe3B and Nd2Fe14B phases decrease with increasing Cr content. The influence of the substitution of Cr for Fe was discussed.

合金碳化物与2(1/4)Cr-1Mo钢的韧化机制

用相分析手段研究了２１４Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ钢回火过程中合金碳化物类型、含量、分布等与韧性的关系，并对其韧化机制进行了探讨。

基于Hansel-Spittel模型的齿环用HAl61-4-3-1合金本构模型构建

采用Gleeble3500热模拟实验机对齿环用HAl61-4-3-1合金进行单道次压缩实验,研究了其在600~800℃和应变速率0.01~10 s-1条件下的流变应力行为;根据真应力-应变曲线,基于Hansel-Spittel模型构建该合金的本构模型,并进行统计学和有限元模拟验证。结果表明:该合金流变应力值与温度、应变速率和变形量之间成非线性关系,与变形温度呈负相关、与应变速率呈正相关;基于Hansel-Spittel本构模型的预测值与实验结果吻合良好,平均相对误差为6.0428%,相关系数为0.9941,模型可准确地预测该材料的流变应力;数值模拟的力-位移曲线与实验结果曲线基本吻合,总误差为4.6%,为后续齿环的精密塑性成形有限元模拟提供数据支撑。

镍铜合金NCu30-4-2-1电渣熔铸件的热变形行为

在Gleeble-3800热模拟机上对电渣熔铸态镍铜合金NCu30-4-2-1进行高温热压缩实验,研究该合金在900～1 100℃和应变速率为0.01～10 s-1条件下的流变应力行为。结果表明:在变形初期,随着应变的增加,流变应力增大,出现峰值后逐渐趋于平稳;随着温度的升高,峰值应力减小,而随着应变速率的增大,峰值应力增大,求得镍铜合金NCu30-4-2-1的热变形激活能Q为416.5 kJ/mol,Zener-Hollomon参数的对数和峰值应力的对数较好地满足线性关系,建立了镍铜合金NCu30-4-2-1的流变应力方程;合金的显微组织受变形温度和显微组织的影响,变形温度越高,应变速率越低,越有利于动态再结晶的发生。

挤压态HAl61-4-3-1合金高温本构模型构建及其加工图

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机在变形温度为600~800℃和应变速率为0.01~10 s^(-1)时对HAl61-4-3-1铝黄铜合金进行等温热压缩实验,对实验所获得真实应力-应变曲线进行摩擦修正,并以修正后的应力应变数据构建了考虑应变补偿的Arrhenius本构模型。其次,根据修正的应力应变数据构建了应变为0.3、0.6和0.9时HAl61-4-3-1合金的热加工图,并结合变形后微观组织确定了合金的失稳区和安全加工区域。结果表明:该合金在实验范围内的最佳工艺参数为:600~800℃&0.01~0.1 s^(-1),660~740℃&0.1~10 s^(-1)和740~800℃&0.1~4 s^(-1),其变形机制主要为动态再结晶和动态回复。

TEM microstructure of rapidly solidified Mg-6Zn-1Y-1Ce alloy

Rapidly solidified（RS） Mg-6Zn-1Y-1Ce ribbons were prepared by single roller melt-spinning technique.Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed to characterize the microstructure of RS ribbons.The results show that there is high density of particles distributed within grains and at grain boundaries in the region near wheel side.The particle density is decreased in the middle region and free surface region.The alloy is predominantly composed of supersaturated--Mg solid solution,T phase and W phase;meanwhile,a few icosahedral quasicrystalline and Mg4Zn7 particles are also observed.The T phase is confirmed having a body-centered orthorhombic structure that is transformed from the body-centered tetragonal structure Mg12Ce phase due to the partial substitution of Mg atoms by Zn.

AZ91镁合金表面热浸镀Zn-4%Al-1%Sb合金层的状况及Al,Sb的作用

与其他表面处理方法相比,AZ91镁合金表面热浸镀Zn-4%Al-1%Sb合金层工艺简单、费用低,且又能提高其耐蚀性。采用扫描电镜观察和能谱分析研究了AZ91镁合金表面热浸镀Zn-4%Al-1%Sb合金镀层。结果表明:AZ91镁合金预热温度为200℃,Zn-4%Al-1%Sb合金液温度为420℃,浸镀时间为6 s时,能获得较光滑的镀层;且在AZ91镁合金和Zn-4%Al-1%Sb合金中含有Mg,Zn,Sb,Al元素,其主要为Mg2Zn3,Mg3Sb2,Mg17Al12化合物,冶金结合效果良好,镀层的耐腐蚀性能明显提高;Sb元素的加入能在一定程度上减缓锌合金液与基体的反应。

改进Zerilli-Armstrong、Arrhenius和GWO-BPNN模型对HAl61-4-3-1合金高温流变应力的预测

精确的本构模型是铝黄铜合金热精锻工艺方案设计及数值模拟仿真的关键。基于挤压态HAl61-4-3-1合金在变形温度为873~1073 K、应变速率为0.01~10 s^(-1)区间的等温热压缩实验数据,分析热压缩过程中摩擦和温升效应对流变应力的影响并对流变应力曲线进行修正。基于修正数据,构建了HAl61-4-3-1合金的改进Zerilli-Armstrong、Arrhenius本构模型及GWO-BPNN本构模型。结果表明:GWO-BPNN模型的均方根误差RMSE和平均绝对百分比误差MAPE分别为0.444 MPa和1.078%,而改进Zerilli-Armstrong模型的分别为2.567 MPa和5.470%,改进Arrhenius模型的分别为1.202 MPa和3.163%,表明GWO-BPNN模型的预测精度更高。并且,通过引入GWO算法对BPNN的初始权值和阈值进行寻优,使得该模型具有较高的预测精度和较优的稳定性,能更好地描述HAl61-4-3-1合金的高温流变行为。

Improvement of hydrogen embrittlement and stress corrosion cracking by annealing for Al-4.4Mg-0.6Mn alloy

With no annealing treatment, cathodic polarization trends in 5083F A1 alloy revealed concentration polarization and activation polarization. However, the annealed specimens have lower current densities at corrosion protection potential compared to the non-annealed specimen. The results of SSRTs conducted in seawater at the applied potential range of-l.8 V to -0.5 V indicated that the maximum tensile strength, elongation, and time-to-fracture had high values at applied potentials of -0.7 to -1.4 V. The maximum tensile strength, elongation, and time-to-f？acture decreased when the potential values were beyond this range in either anodic or cathodic direction. In general, the increased shear lip caused by annealing treatment indicates elongation. Time-to-fracture would likely increase with elongation. Potentials between -0.5 V to -0.6 V were found to be in the region of stress corrosion cracking. The corrosion protection zone was determined to be -0.7 V to -J,4 V because these potential ranges produced good mechanical properties. Potential less than -1.4 V produced a fractured surface with a mixture of dimples （ductile fractures） and a quasi-cleavage pattern resulting from the effects of hydrogen gas.

Thermomechanical Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Ti-6AI-4V, among the Ti alloys, is the most widely used. In the present work, the behavior of Ti-6AI-4V alloy has been investigated by the uniaxial hot isothermal compression tests and a series of dilatometric experiments were also carried out to determine the transformation temperatures at different cooling rates. Specimens for hot compression tests were homogenized at 1050℃ for 10 min and then quickly cooled to different straining temperatures from 1050 to 850℃. Cooling rates were chosen fast enough to prevent high temperature transformation during cooling. Compression tests were conducted at temperatures from 1050 to 850℃ in steps of 50℃ at constant true strain rates of 10-3 or 10-2 s-1. The apparent activation energy for compression in two-phase region was calculated 420 kJ·mol-1. Partial globularization of a phase was observed in the specimen deformed at low strain rates and at temperatures near the transformation zone and annealed after deformation.

微波辅助雷尼镍-铝合金催化剂催化1,4-二氯苯快速脱氯反应动力学研究

利用雷尼镍-铝合金催化剂的高催化活性,提出了使用微波辅助雷尼镍-铝合金催化1,4-二氯苯还原脱氯的方法。结果表明,在微波辅助雷尼镍-铝合金催化剂条件下,1,4-二氯苯还原脱氯的反应符合二级反应动力学方程。1,4-二氯苯脱氯的反应速率常数k1在35和50℃下分别为0.037 6和0.151 mol/(L.min),反应活化能为76.66 kJ/mol。研究还表明,在微波辅助雷尼镍-铝合金催化剂的条件下,35℃时,1,4-二氯苯10 min脱氯率达到90%,并且反应同时脱掉两个氯,能达到高效脱氯的目的。由此可知,微波辅助雷尼镍-铝合金催化脱氯的方法应用于多氯苯类物质脱氯取得良好的效果。

Superplastic Forming and Diffusion Bonding for Sandwich Structure of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Superplastic forming and diffusion bonding (SPF/DB) is a well-established process for the manufacture of components almost exclusively from Ti-6AI-4V sheet material. The sandwich structure of Ti-6AI-4V alloy is investigated. The effects of the microstructure on the SPF/DB process were discussed. The microstructure at the interfaces and the distribution of thickness were researched.