Ultraconformable Integrated Wireless Charging Micro-Supercapacitor Skin

Conformable and wire-less charging energy storage devices play important roles in enabling the fast development of wearable,non-contact soft electronics.However,current wire-less charging power sources are still restricted by limited flexural angles and fragile connection of components,resulting in the failure expression of performance and constraining their fur-ther applications in health monitoring wearables and moveable artificial limbs.Herein,we present an ultracompatible skin-like integrated wireless charging micro-supercapacitor,which building blocks(including electrolyte,electrode and substrate)are all evaporated by liquid precursor.Owing to the infiltration and permeation of the liquid,each part of the integrated device attached firmly with each other,forming a compact and all-in-one configuration.In addition,benefitting from the controllable volume of electrode solution precursor,the electrode thickness is easily regulated varying from 11.7 to 112.5μm.This prepared thin IWC-MSC skin can fit well with curving human body,and could be wireless charged to store electricity into high capacitive micro-supercapacitors(11.39 F cm-3)of the integrated device.We believe this work will shed light on the construction of skin-attachable electronics and irregular sensing microrobots.

Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Transmission Optimization Strategies in Wireless Networks

Wireless Power Transfer(WPT)technology can provide real-time power for many terminal devices in Internet of Things(IoT)through millimeterWave(mmWave)to support applications with large capacity and low latency.Although the intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)can be adopted to create effective virtual links to address the mmWave blockage problem,the conventional solutions only adopt IRS in the downlink from the Base Station(BS)to the users to enhance the received signal strength.In practice,the reflection of IRS is also applicable to the uplink to improve the spectral efficiency.It is a challenging to jointly optimize IRS beamforming and system resource allocation for wireless energy acquisition and information transmission.In this paper,we first design a Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH)clustering protocol for clustering and data collection.Then,the problem of maximizing the minimum system spectral efficiency is constructed by jointly optimizing the transmit power of sensor devices,the uplink and downlink transmission times,the active beamforming at the BS,and the IRS dynamic beamforming.To solve this non-convex optimization problem,we propose an alternating optimization(AO)-based joint solution algorithm.Simulation results show that the use of IRS dynamic beamforming can significantly improve the spectral efficiency of the system,and ensure the reliability of equipment communication and the sustainability of energy supply under NLOS link.

A Practical Approach for Missing Wireless Sensor Networks Data Recovery

In wireless sensor networks(WSNs),the performance of related applications is highly dependent on the quality of data collected.Unfortunately,missing data is almost inevitable in the process of data acquisition and transmission.Existing methods often rely on prior information such as low-rank characteristics or spatiotemporal correlation when recovering missing WSNs data.However,in realistic application scenarios,it is very difficult to obtain these prior information from incomplete data sets.Therefore,we aim to recover the missing WSNs data effectively while getting rid of the perplexity of prior information.By designing the corresponding measurement matrix that can capture the position of missing data and sparse representation matrix,a compressive sensing(CS)based missing data recovery model is established.Then,we design a comparison standard to select the best sparse representation basis and introduce average cross-correlation to examine the rationality of the established model.Furthermore,an improved fast matching pursuit algorithm is proposed to solve the model.Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively recover the missing WSNs data.

Stackelberg Game for Wireless Powered and Backscattering Enabled Sensor Networks

This paper investigates a wireless powered and backscattering enabled sensor network based on the non-linear energy harvesting model, where the power beacon(PB) delivers energy signals to wireless sensors to enable their passive backscattering and active transmission to the access point(AP). We propose an efficient time scheduling scheme for network performance enhancement, based on which each sensor can always harvest energy from the PB over the entire block except its time slots allocated for passive and active information delivery. Considering the PB and wireless sensors are from two selfish service providers, we use the Stackelberg game to model the energy interaction among them. To address the non-convexity of the leader-level problem, we propose to decompose the original problem into two subproblems and solve them iteratively in an alternating manner. Specifically, the successive convex approximation, semi-definite relaxation(SDR) and variable substitution techniques are applied to find a nearoptimal solution. To evaluate the performance loss caused by the interaction between two providers, we further investigate the social welfare maximization problem. Numerical results demonstrate that compared to the benchmark schemes, the proposed scheme can achieve up to 35.4% and 38.7% utility gain for the leader and the follower, respectively.

Wireless Power Supply Based on MNG-MNZ Metamaterial for Cardiac Pacemakers

To solve the low power transfer efficiency and magnetic field leakage problems of cardiac pacemaker wireless powering, we proposed a wireless power supply system suitable for implanted cardiac pacemaker based on mu-negative(MNG) and mu-nearzero(MNZ) metamaterials. First, a hybrid metamaterial consisted of central MNG unit for magnetic field concentration and surrounding MNZ units for magnetic leakage shielding was established by theoretical calculation. Afterwards, the magnetic field distribution of wireless power supply system with MNG-MNZ metamaterial slab was acquired via finite element simulation and verified to be better than the distribution with conventional MNG slab deployed. Finally, an experimental platform of wireless power supply system was established with which power transfer experiment and system temperature rise experiment were conducted.Simulation and experimental results showed that the power transfer efficiency was improved from 44.44%,19.42%, 8.63% and 6.19% to 55.77%, 62.39%, 20.81%and 14.52% at 9.6 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm and 50 mm,respectively. The maximum SAR acquired by SAR simulation under human body environment was-7.14 dbm and maximum reduction of the magnetic field strength around the receiving coil was 2.82 A/m. The maximum temperature rise during 30min charging test was 3.85℃,and the safety requirements of human bodies were met.

Efficient Digital Twin Placement for Blockchain-Empowered Wireless Computing Power Network

As an open network architecture,Wireless Computing PowerNetworks(WCPN)pose newchallenges for achieving efficient and secure resource management in networks,because of issues such as insecure communication channels and untrusted device terminals.Blockchain,as a shared,immutable distributed ledger,provides a secure resource management solution for WCPN.However,integrating blockchain into WCPN faces challenges like device heterogeneity,monitoring communication states,and dynamic network nature.Whereas Digital Twins(DT)can accurately maintain digital models of physical entities through real-time data updates and self-learning,enabling continuous optimization of WCPN,improving synchronization performance,ensuring real-time accuracy,and supporting smooth operation of WCPN services.In this paper,we propose a DT for blockchain-empowered WCPN architecture that guarantees real-time data transmission between physical entities and digital models.We adopt an enumeration-based optimal placement algorithm(EOPA)and an improved simulated annealing-based near-optimal placement algorithm(ISAPA)to achieve minimum average DT synchronization latency under the constraint of DT error.Numerical results show that the proposed solution in this paper outperforms benchmarks in terms of average synchronization latency.

Actor-Critic-Based UAV-Assisted Data Collection in the Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is widely utilized in large-scale distributed unmanned detection scenarios due to its low cost and flexible installation.However,WSN data collection encounters challenges in scenarios lacking communication infrastructure.Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)offers a novel solution for WSN data collection,leveraging their high mobility.In this paper,we present an efficient UAV-assisted data collection algorithm aimed at minimizing the overall power consumption of the WSN.Firstly,a two-layer UAV-assisted data collection model is introduced,including the ground and aerial layers.The ground layer senses the environmental data by the cluster members(CMs),and the CMs transmit the data to the cluster heads(CHs),which forward the collected data to the UAVs.The aerial network layer consists of multiple UAVs that collect,store,and forward data from the CHs to the data center for analysis.Secondly,an improved clustering algorithm based on K-Means++is proposed to optimize the number and locations of CHs.Moreover,an Actor-Critic based algorithm is introduced to optimize the UAV deployment and the association with CHs.Finally,simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

Priority Based Energy Efficient MAC Protocol by Varying Data Ratefor Wireless Body Area Network

Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN)is a cutting-edge technology that is being used in healthcare applications to monitor critical events in the human body.WBAN is a collection of in-body and on-body sensors that monitor human physical parameters such as temperature,blood pressure,pulse rate,oxygen level,body motion,and so on.They sense the data and communicate it to the Body Area Network(BAN)Coordinator.The main challenge for the WBAN is energy consumption.These issues can be addressed by implementing an effective Medium Access Control(MAC)protocol that reduces energy consumption and increases network lifetime.The purpose of the study is to minimize the energy consumption and minimize the delay using IEEE 802.15.4 standard.In our proposed work,if any critical events have occurred the proposed work is to classify and prioritize the data.We gave priority to the highly critical data to get the Guarantee Tine Slots(GTS)in IEEE 802.15.4 standard superframe to achieve greater energy efficiency.The proposed MAC provides higher data rates for critical data based on the history and current condition and also provides the best reliable service to high critical data and critical data by predicting node similarity.As an outcome,we proposed a MAC protocol for Variable Data Rates(MVDR).When compared to existing MAC protocols,the MVDR performed very well with low energy intake,less interruption,and an enhanced packet-sharing ratio.

Research on the Application of Contemporary Wireless Enamel Technique in the Teaching of Traditional Jewelry Craft Course for College Student

Taking the wireless enamel(wireless enamel refers to make enamel works without filigree)production technique in jewelry practice course as the research object,combined with years of enamel teaching experience in the Gemmological Institute of China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),this study expounds the theoretical class,design preparation,creative idea and technique practice application from the course teaching objectives and the implementation,which also emphasizes the practical improvability of students’design practice ability and innovative thinking ability.During the period,it focuses on the core processes,such as wireless enamel glaze method,object correction,firing time,composite application and system integration,to help students solve the key and difficult problems in the wireless enamel firing process.

Wireless Information and Power Transfer in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Wireless information and power transfer(WIPT) enables simultaneously communications and sustainable power supplement without the erection of power supply lines and the replacement operation of the batteries for the terminals. The application of WIPT to the underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWASNs) not only retains the long range communication capabilities, but also provides an auxiliary and convenient energy supplement way for the terminal sensors, and thus is a promising scheme to solve the energy-limited problem for the UWASNs. In this paper, we propose the integration of WIPT into the UWASNs and provide an overview on various enabling techniques for the WIPT based UWASNs(WIPT-UWASNs) as well as pointing out future research challenges and opportunities for WIPT-UWASNs.

A Novel Approach to Energy Optimization:Efficient Path Selection in Wireless Sensor Networks with Hybrid ANN

In pursuit of enhancing the Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)energy efficiency and operational lifespan,this paper delves into the domain of energy-efficient routing protocols.InWSNs,the limited energy resources of Sensor Nodes(SNs)are a big challenge for ensuring their efficient and reliable operation.WSN data gathering involves the utilization of a mobile sink(MS)to mitigate the energy consumption problem through periodic network traversal.The mobile sink(MS)strategy minimizes energy consumption and latency by visiting the fewest nodes or predetermined locations called rendezvous points(RPs)instead of all cluster heads(CHs).CHs subsequently transmit packets to neighboring RPs.The unique determination of this study is the shortest path to reach RPs.As the mobile sink(MS)concept has emerged as a promising solution to the energy consumption problem in WSNs,caused by multi-hop data collection with static sinks.In this study,we proposed two novel hybrid algorithms,namely“ Reduced k-means based on Artificial Neural Network”(RkM-ANN)and“Delay Bound Reduced kmeans with ANN”(DBRkM-ANN)for designing a fast,efficient,and most proficient MS path depending upon rendezvous points(RPs).The first algorithm optimizes the MS’s latency,while the second considers the designing of delay-bound paths,also defined as the number of paths with delay over bound for the MS.Both methods use a weight function and k-means clustering to choose RPs in a way that maximizes efficiency and guarantees network-wide coverage.In addition,a method of using MS scheduling for efficient data collection is provided.Extensive simulations and comparisons to several existing algorithms have shown the effectiveness of the suggested methodologies over a wide range of performance indicators.

Photonics-assisted THz wireless communication enabled by wide-bandwidth packaged backilluminated modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode

This paper presents a wide-bandwidth back-illuminated modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode(MUTC-PD)packaged with standard WR-5 rectangular waveguide for high-speed wireless communications.With optimized epitaxy structure and coplanar waveguide electrodes,the fabricated 4-μm-diameter PD exhibits ultra-flat frequency response and high saturation power.Integrated passive circuits including low-loss bias-tee and E-plane probe are designed to package the PD into a compact module with waveguide output.The packaged PD module has demonstrated a flat frequency response with fluctuations within±2.75 d B over a broadband of 140–220 GHz and a high saturated output power of-7.8 d Bm(166μW)at 140 GHz.For wireless communication applications,the packaged PD is used to implement 1-m free space transmission at carrier frequencies of 150.5 and 210.5 GHz,with transmission rates of 75 and 90 Gbps,respectively.

Research on Multiple Access Algorithms for Wireless Network

Nodes in the communication network mainly depend on the Media Access Control(MAC)layer protocol design.To ensure the MAC protocol achieves high throughput,low latency,and high service quality,this paper designed a“centralized-distribution”system MAC protocol combined with a slot allocation algorithm.This allows it to quickly adapt to the topology changes in the network and the overall network frame structure.For the centralized time slot allocation,since the system’s frame structure changes across the entire network,the root node must gather information from other nodes.This ensures that the root node can collect the latest topology information when the network topology changes and subsequently adjust the frame structure of the whole network for the distributed time slot allocation.The simulation results show that the adaptive time-division multiple access mechanism can quickly adapt to changes in topology and the network’s frame structure.It enables adaptive changes in node transmission times,ensures the rapid transmission and circulation of large-capacity data between nodes,and improves transmission efficiency.

单级三相谐波电流注入可升降压AC/DC变换器

为适应电动车充电电压宽范围变化需求,本文针对传统充电桩前级整流器拓扑开展研究,提出一种新式单级三相AC/DC变换器。该变换器集成了三相桥式不控整流电路与Cuk模块,为降低输入侧电流谐波分量,选用双向开关管构建谐波电流回馈通路,整体构造成单级式拓扑结构。文章阐述了变换器的电路结构及工作模态,通过建立变换器的等效模型推导出电压增益。变换器通过简单的控制逻辑即可实现正弦输入电流并拥有高功率因数。最后通过搭建变换器数字控制实验平台验证了所提变换器的可行性。

长链非编码RNA AC004920.3在胃腺癌癌栓和细胞中的作用

目的探寻AC004920.3在胃腺癌患者血清中的表达和细胞中的作用。方法收集胃腺癌患者血清标本和病历资料。PCR扩增AC004920.3的表达。慢病毒过表达AC004920.3转染AGS细胞后进行凋亡、CCK增殖和划痕实验。结果胃腺癌脉管癌栓患者血清AC004920.3表达ΔCt值12.06±3.33明显高于无脉管癌栓ΔCt值的10.05±3.32,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003),与D-二聚体呈正相关(r=0.679,P<0.001)。AC004920.3过表达组AGS细胞早期凋亡率为(33.45±3.90)%,高于未转染组[(12.13±1.54)%,P<0.001]和空载体组[(13.18±1.55)%,P<0.001];CCK增殖实验AC004920.3过表达组的A值为2.89±0.17,低于未转染组的3.20±0.21,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003);也低于空载体组3.28±0.18,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);AC004920.3过表达组的划痕面积(3.54±0.12)灰度值,明显大于未转染组和空载体组(2.43±0.34)灰度值,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);也大于空载体组(2.60±0.39)灰度值,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。结论胃腺癌脉管癌栓患者血清AC004920.3高表达,且与D-二聚体正相关。AC004920.3促进AGS细胞凋亡以及抑制AGS细胞增殖和迁移。

线性型霍尔电流传感器ACS730在电流测量中的应用研究

针对科研和工业生产中对电流测量的需求,提出了一种基于单片机、线性型霍尔电流传感器ACS730的电流测量的设计方案及实现方法。文中比较详细地介绍了对ACS730输出信号的预处理、单片机与A/D转换器ADC0831的接口方法等,并给出了完整的电路图和程序流程图。

利用A2C-ac的城轨车车通信资源分配算法

在城市轨道交通列车控制系统中,车车(T2T)通信作为新一代列车通信模式,利用列车间直接通信来降低通信时延,提高列车运行效率。在T2T通信与车地(T2G)通信并存场景下,针对复用T2G链路产生的干扰问题,在保证用户通信质量的前提下,该文提出一种基于多智能体深度强化学习(MADRL)的改进优势演员-评论家(A2C-ac)资源分配算法。首先以系统吞吐量为优化目标,以T2T通信发送端为智能体,策略网络采用分层输出结构指导智能体选择需复用的频谱资源和功率水平,然后智能体做出相应动作并与T2T通信环境交互,得到该时隙下T2G用户和T2T用户吞吐量,价值网络对两者分别评价,利用权重因子β为每个智能体定制化加权时序差分(TD)误差,以此来灵活优化神经网络参数。最后,智能体根据训练好的模型联合选出最佳的频谱资源和功率水平。仿真结果表明,该算法相较于A2C算法和深度Q网络(DQN)算法,在收敛速度、T2T成功接入率、吞吐量等方面均有明显提升。

基于ACE/AngⅡ/AT1R通路探讨补肾降压方对盐敏感性高血压大鼠肾纤维化的作用机制

目的:探讨补肾降压方对盐敏感性高血压DS大鼠肾纤维化及肾素血管紧张素转换酶-血管紧张素Ⅱ-血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(ACE-AngⅡ-AT1R)信号通路的调节作用,探讨其防治高血压肾损害的作用机制。方法:选用盐敏感性高血压大鼠(Dahl salt-sensitve,DS)48只,随机数字表法分为低盐组、高盐组、缬沙坦组和补肾降压组,喂食以不同浓度钠盐饲料造模后,予药物干预8周。于干预前后测量血压。干预后酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)血清中血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)及转化生长因子-β_(1)(TGF-β_(1))的含量。苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察肾组织病理学改变情况,Masson染色观察肾纤维化程度。反转录PCR(RT-PCR)及蛋白质印迹法分别检测肾脏血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)及血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1R)mRNA及蛋白表达水平。结果:喂食3周不同浓度盐后,喂食高盐各组收缩压均较低盐组升高(P<0.01)。干预后,与低盐组比较,高盐组收缩压升高,Cr、BUN升高,血清AngⅡ及TGF-β_(1)水平升高,HE及Masson染色显示肾脏纤维化程度加重,肾脏ACE及AT1R蛋白及mRNA表达升高(P<0.01)。与高盐组比较,缬沙坦组及补肾降压组收缩压降低,Cr、BUN降低,血清AngⅡ及TGF-β_(1)水平降低,肾脏纤维化程度减轻,肾脏ACE及AT1R蛋白及mRNA表达降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:补肾降压方有平稳降压,改善肾功能的作用,其作用机制可能与调节ACE/AngⅡ/AT1R轴进而抑制TGF-β_(1)达到延缓肾纤维化相关。

用于恶性肿瘤治疗的^(225)Ac放射性药物的研究现状与展望

^(225)Ac具有半衰期较长(10 d)、射程短(<100μm)和高能量沉积(80~100 keV/μm)等优点,是重要的医用α核素之一。^(225)Ac衰变产生的高传能线密度α粒子可以导致肿瘤细胞的DNA双链断裂,具有重要的临床应用价值。本文综述了^(225)Ac的衰变特性、生产来源以及^(225)Ac与靶向配体偶联的螯合剂,总结了^(225)Ac-前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)-617、^(225)Ac-PMSA-I&T、^(225)Ac-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷-1,4,7,10-四羧酸(DOTA)-SP和^(225)Ac-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷-N,N′,N″,N-四乙酸d-苯丙氨酸1-酪氨酸3-奥曲肽(DOTATE)等药物在前列腺癌、脑胶质瘤、乳腺癌和肺癌治疗中的研究及临床应用进展,展望了^(225)Ac治疗药物研发面临的困难与挑战,以期为^(225)Ac放射性药物在恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究与应用提供参考。

高效低时延分级多PAN太赫兹无线网络MAC层优化协议

针对现有分级多PAN太赫兹无线网络MAC(Medium Access Control)协议中存在的子网形成方案不合理以及私有CTA(Channel Time Allocation)与子网内实际负载不匹配等问题,提出了一种高效低时延的MAC层优化协议.该协议采用基于泛听的按需形成子网机制避免了子网分布不均匀以及因子网形成后没有节点加入而造成的私有CTA资源浪费的问题.在子网形成后,子微微网协调器(Piconet Coordinator,PNC)根据子网内实际负载情况自适应选择私有CTA时隙资源优化机制,让有数据传输需求的节点及时将数据发出.仿真结果表明,所提出的方案能有效地降低数据帧平均接入时延,提高吞吐量以及数据帧的传输成功率.