It is already well known that availability of petroleum oil, as a world energy source, is running low. Much work has been done by experts to produce renewable energy, especially using vegetable oil as a raw material. ...It is already well known that availability of petroleum oil, as a world energy source, is running low. Much work has been done by experts to produce renewable energy, especially using vegetable oil as a raw material. Accordingly, this paper presents preparation and activity test of Cu catalyst using coconut shell activated carbon （AC） as a support, for conversion of n-pentanol and n-butanol to their alkenes as the first step of conversion of ethanol to biogasoline. This conversion is interesting due to any agriculture product containing sugar or starch can be converted to ethanol. Activated carbon was used as a catalyst support because this material is inert; hence, it would not yield unexpected side product, and pollution of environment with the used catalyst can be prevented because the used catalytic metal can easily be recovered. Results of the work showed that coconut shell carbon contained some metals, which disturbed in preparation catalyst by cation exchange process. Washing the carbon with ammonium acetate or HCI solution could reduce the metals content more compared to using water, with optimum concentration for ammonium acetate solution was 1.25 M. Application of Cu/AC in converting n-pentanol and n-butanol, based on qualitative analysis to the products using GLC, GC-MS, and FTIR, when n-pentanol and nitrogen gas were flowed into a reactor filled with Cu/AC catalyst, it could be converted to n-pentene with 200 ℃ as the optimal temperature. While when n-butanol and nitrogen gas were flowed into a reactor filled with more Cu/AC catalyst, the product was supposed to contain its aldehyde and butyl vinyl ether.展开更多
Five catalytic processes and their catalysts will be introduced in my talk. Firstly,the demonstration test(3000 ton/a)results using a novel catalyst Co/SiO2 with egg-shell structure and the strategies for this catalys...Five catalytic processes and their catalysts will be introduced in my talk. Firstly,the demonstration test(3000 ton/a)results using a novel catalyst Co/SiO2 with egg-shell structure and the strategies for this catalyst preparation based on the issues from the mass transfer of produced wax from F-T synthesis will be discussed. Recent progresses on C2-oxygenate synthesis from syngas over a Rh/SiO2 catalyst and a 10 thousands ton/a demonstration test facility in China will be built in 2010 will be reported in the second section. A naphtha and diesel distillate which cut off the heavier end of S-F-A distribution direct synthesis with low methane selectivity from syngas over a Co/AC1 catalyst and a 10000 ton/a demonstration test with a bubble column slurry reactor will be talked about in this speech. A high α-alcohols of C2-C18 direct synthesis with more than 50 wt% selectivity and low methane and methanol selectivities from syngas over a Co2C/AC2 catalyst,a 3000 ton/a demonstration test with a bubble column slurry reactor and the primary fundamental understandings will be detailedly discussed in the forth section. In situ formation of homogeneous active sites on the surface of supported Rh heterogeneous catalysts and their application in hydroformylation of olefins will be introduced in fifth section.展开更多
文摘It is already well known that availability of petroleum oil, as a world energy source, is running low. Much work has been done by experts to produce renewable energy, especially using vegetable oil as a raw material. Accordingly, this paper presents preparation and activity test of Cu catalyst using coconut shell activated carbon （AC） as a support, for conversion of n-pentanol and n-butanol to their alkenes as the first step of conversion of ethanol to biogasoline. This conversion is interesting due to any agriculture product containing sugar or starch can be converted to ethanol. Activated carbon was used as a catalyst support because this material is inert; hence, it would not yield unexpected side product, and pollution of environment with the used catalyst can be prevented because the used catalytic metal can easily be recovered. Results of the work showed that coconut shell carbon contained some metals, which disturbed in preparation catalyst by cation exchange process. Washing the carbon with ammonium acetate or HCI solution could reduce the metals content more compared to using water, with optimum concentration for ammonium acetate solution was 1.25 M. Application of Cu/AC in converting n-pentanol and n-butanol, based on qualitative analysis to the products using GLC, GC-MS, and FTIR, when n-pentanol and nitrogen gas were flowed into a reactor filled with Cu/AC catalyst, it could be converted to n-pentene with 200 ℃ as the optimal temperature. While when n-butanol and nitrogen gas were flowed into a reactor filled with more Cu/AC catalyst, the product was supposed to contain its aldehyde and butyl vinyl ether.
文摘Five catalytic processes and their catalysts will be introduced in my talk. Firstly,the demonstration test(3000 ton/a)results using a novel catalyst Co/SiO2 with egg-shell structure and the strategies for this catalyst preparation based on the issues from the mass transfer of produced wax from F-T synthesis will be discussed. Recent progresses on C2-oxygenate synthesis from syngas over a Rh/SiO2 catalyst and a 10 thousands ton/a demonstration test facility in China will be built in 2010 will be reported in the second section. A naphtha and diesel distillate which cut off the heavier end of S-F-A distribution direct synthesis with low methane selectivity from syngas over a Co/AC1 catalyst and a 10000 ton/a demonstration test with a bubble column slurry reactor will be talked about in this speech. A high α-alcohols of C2-C18 direct synthesis with more than 50 wt% selectivity and low methane and methanol selectivities from syngas over a Co2C/AC2 catalyst,a 3000 ton/a demonstration test with a bubble column slurry reactor and the primary fundamental understandings will be detailedly discussed in the forth section. In situ formation of homogeneous active sites on the surface of supported Rh heterogeneous catalysts and their application in hydroformylation of olefins will be introduced in fifth section.
