Palliative care with adequate pain relief challenges the need for euthanasia legislation

Background:In today’s society the ongoing discussion about euthanasia triggers emotionally charged debates surrounding the delicate balance between valuing life and respecting an individual’s autonomy.With the persistence of this debate,there has been the emergence of the concept of the so-called alternative:palliative care.Positioned as a substitute for euthanasia,palliative care aims to alleviate suffering in terminally ill patients without engaging in the ethical dilemmas associated with euthanasia.Methods:This paper explores the facets of palliative care highlighting its core objectives such as providing adequate pain relief as a compassionate alternative to euthanasia.Results:By examining palliative care as a comprehensive approach to end of life support,this study challenges the perceived necessity of euthanasia and advocates,for compassionate and dignified end of life experiences.Conclusion:In conclusion,palliative care emerges as a viable and ethically sound alternative to euthanasia,emphasizing the importance of compassionate end-of-life care and pain management.

Clinical Analysis of Patients with Cervical Cancer After Adequate Radiotherapy and Surgery

Objective:To explore the effect of giving adequate radiotherapy before surgery on the recovery of patients with cervical cancer.Methods:An experimental study was carried out in Aviation General Hospital(hereafter referred as our hospital)from March 2022 to March 2023.Fifty patients with cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed.The patients underwent surgery 15-20 days after adequate external radiotherapy,and the clinical effect was analyzed.Results:The symptoms of the patients were relieved,among which contact bleeding and irregular vaginal bleeding completely resolved in 27 patients and 19 patients,respectively;although intermittent vaginal bleeding persisted in 3 patients,the symptom improved compared with before treatment;for 1 patient,the treatment was ineffective,as there was no significant improvement in symptoms.For patients with stage IB2 cancer,the tumor reduction rate after treatment was about 50%-70%,but the reduction in 2 patients was insignificant.Conclusion:Cervical cancer is a serious condition.Adequate radiotherapy before surgery has a significant effect.It reduces the difficulty of surgery and creates an opportunity for patients to undergo surgery,thus improving the treatment effect.Therefore,it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Standardizing the classification of gastric cancer patients with limited and adequate number of retrieved lymph nodes:an externally validated approach using real-world data

Background:Currently,there is no formal consensus regarding a standard classification for gastric cancer(GC)patients with<16 retrieved lymph nodes(rLNs).Here,this study aimed to validate a practical lymph node(LN)staging strategy to homogenize the nodal classification of GC cohorts comprising of both<16(Limited set)and≥16(Adequate set)rLNs.Methods:All patients in this study underwent R0 gastrectomy.The overall survival(OS)difference between the Limited and Adequate set from a large Chinese multicenter dataset was analyzed.Using the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)pathological nodal classification(pN)for GC as base,a modified nodal classification(N’)resembling similar analogy as the 8th AJCC pN classification was developed.The performance of the proposed and 8th AJCC GC subgroups was compared and validated using the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)dataset comprising of 10,208 multi-ethnic GC cases.Results:Significant difference in OS between the Limited and Adequate set(corresponding N0–N3a)using the 8th AJCC system was observed but the OS of N0_(limited)vs.N1_(adequate),N1_(limited)vs.N2_(adequate),N2_(limited)vs.N3_(aadequate),and N3_(alimited)vs.N3_(badequate)subgroups was almost similar in the Chinese dataset.Therefore,we formulated an N’classification whereby only the nodal subgroups of the Limited set,except for pT1N0M0 cases as they underwent less extensive surgeries(D1 or D1+gastrectomy),were re-classified to one higher nodal subgroup,while those of the Adequate set remained unchanged(N’0=N0_(adequate)+pT1N0M0_(limited),N’1=N1_(adequate)+N0_(limited)(excluding pT1N0M0_(limited)),N’2=N2_(adequate)+N1_(limited),N’3a=N3_(aadequate)+N2_(limited),and N’3b=N3_(badequate)+N3_(alimited)).This N’classification demonstrated less heterogeneity in OS between the Limited and Adequate subgroups.Further analyses demonstrated superior statistical performance of the pTN’M system over the 8th AJCC edition and was successfully validated using the SEER dataset.Conclusion:The proposed nodal staging strategy was successfully validated in large multi-ethnic GC datasets and represents a practical approach for homogenizing the classification of GC cohorts comprising of patients with<16 and≥16 rLNs.

带有一个最大幂等元的自然序Quasi－adequate半群

对带有一个最大幂等元的自然序Ｑｕａｓｉ－ａｄｅｑｕａｔｅ半群作了更精确的刻划。

On Right to Adequate Food and Relevant Concepts from the Legal Perspective

As a fundamental right,the right to adequate food entitles everyone to live with dignity by having access to adequate food that is safe and nutritious However,the current food system features unequal food production and distribution To remedy this situation,certain concepts have been proposed to realize the right to adequate food,including food security,food safety,food sovereignty,food democracy and food exception This paper analyses these concepts from the perspective of the right to adequate food and how they can be incorporated into legislation to help realize and protect this right

Split Quasi-adequate Semigroups

The so-called split IC quasi-adequate semigroups are in the class of idempotent-connected quasi-adequate semigroups. It is proved that an IC quasi-adequate semigroup is split if and only if it has an adequate transversal. The structure of such semigroup whose band of idempotents is regular will be particularly investigated. Our obtained results enrich those results given by McAlister and Blyth on split orthodox semigroups.

Abundant Semigroups with a Multiplicative Adequate Transversal

The aim of this paper is to investigate abundant semigroups with a multiplicative adequate transversal.Some properties and characterizations for such semigroups are obtained.In particular. we establish the structure of this class of abundant semigroups in terms of left normal bands,right normal braids and adequate semigroups with some simple Compatibility conditions.Finally.we apply this structure to some special cases.

A homogenized approach to classify advanced gastric cancer patients with limited and adequate number of pathologically examined lymph nodes

Background:The prognosis of gastric cancer patients with a limited number of pathologically examined lymph nodes(eLN,<16)is dismal compared to those with adequately eLN(≥16),yet they are still classified within the same subgroups using the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging system.We aimed at formulating an easy-to-adopt and clinically reliable stratification approach to homogenize the classification for these two categories of patients.Methods:Patients staged according to the 8th AJCC pathological nodal(N)and tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)clas-sification were stratified into a Limited and Adequate eLN cohort based on their number of pathologically examined LNs.The statistical differences between the 5-year overall survival(OS)rates of both cohorts were determined and based on which,patients from the Limited eLN cohort were re-classified to a proposed modified nodal(N′)and TNM(TN′M)classification,by matching their survival rates with those of the Adequate eLN cohort.The prognostic perfor-mance of the N′and TN′M classification was then compared to a formulated lymph-node-ratio-based nodal classifica-tion,in addition to the 8th AJCC N and TNM classification.Results:Significant heterogeneous differences in 5-year OS between patients from the Limited and Adequate eLN cohort of the same nodal subgroups were identified(all P<0.001).However,no significant differences in 5-year OS were observed between the subgroups N0,N1,N2,and N3a of the Limited eLN cohort when compared with N1,N2,N3a,and N3b from the Adequate eLN cohort,respectively(P=0.853,0.476,0.114,and 0.230,respectively).A novel approach was formulated in which only patients from the Limited eLN cohort were re-classified to one higher nodal subgroup,denoted as the N′classification.This re-classification demonstrated superior stratifying and prognostic ability as compared to the 8th AJCC N and lymph-node-ratio classification(Akaike information criterion values[AIC]:12,276 vs.12,358 vs.12,283,respectively).The TN′M classification also demonstrated superior prognostic ability as compared to the 8th AJCC TNM classification(AIC value:12,252 vs.12,312).Conclusion:The proposed lymph node classification approach provides a clinically practical and reliable technique to homogeneously classify cohorts of gastric cancer patients with limited and adequate number of pathologically examined lymph nodes.

A minimum adequate set of multi-valued logic

An adequate set of k-valued logic is provided,which contains only two operators.It is also proved that this adequate set is of minimum size。

A Method of Construction for Abundant Semigroups with a CO-Adequate Transversal

In this paper, we first study the structure of quasi-adequate semigroups with a cancellative monoid transversal. By using the above result, we present a method of construction for the abundant semigroups containing a CO-adequate transversal.

Quasi-Type δ Semigroups with an Adequate Transversal

In this paper,some properties of quasi-type δ semigroups with an adequate transversal are explored.In particular,abundant semigroups with a cancellative transversal are character-ized.Our results generalize and enrich Saito＇s results on quasi-orthodox semigroups with an inverse transversal.

Exhibitors: Full of Confidence Adequate Preparation

From March 26th,three most important trade fairs for Chinese textile industry opened successively inBeijing.Several exhibitors showed their confidence and preparation to TA Weekly. Bosideng:CHIC is an everlasting marketing chance"We’ll definitely participate in CHIC 2009,with even moreinvestment."Gao Dekang,the President of Bosideng Co.,Ltd said,"Bosideng is going to make full use of this trade fair for furtherdevelopment."According to the organizer of CHIC 2009,Bosidengreserved 1000 square meters for its show."CHIC witnessed the blooming development of Chinese clothingindustry for the last ten years.CHIC has made a progress to catch upwith the world trend as well as in the social influence.It has becomethe pioneer of fashion and is regarded as the releasing center,innovation center and brand center."As a long-term participant,Bosideng has the right to say these words.It is in this fair。

A New Era Calls for a More Balanced and More Adequate Development

'Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era',the Report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC makes this major new statement,having clarified the new historical position of China’s development.The new era,accompanied by the transformation of major social contradictions,has raised higher

Food and Nutritional Security in the Refugee Women’s Life Narratives

Objective: To understand, based on the life narratives of refugee women, food and nutritional security. Method: Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study, Narratives of life method, by Daniel Bertaux. Conducted with 11 participants, refugee women residing in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Results: The meanings and feelings evidenced in the life narratives of refugee women expressed the insecurities and weaknesses with food in the resettlement. Final Considerations: Given the meanings and feelings regarding food in the refuge, it is expected that the present study will contribute to the elaboration of new action plans and intersectoral public policies of agile action to meet the demands of the refugee population, in the attempt to mitigate starvation, poverty, social differences and the compromised health status of the refugee population.

Type-A半群的表示

给出了Type-A半群的表示,将文献[1]中著名的Vagner表示定理推广到Abandant半群中.证明了如果S是一个半群,则存在一个集合X及S到PJ(X)的单同态.

Groupwork in“Superclass”

As is known,one of the main goals of the new English curriculum is to foster communication.But the opportunity for receiving adequate service in"superclass"is very limited because of the existing setting.To ensure every student would actively participate in the lessons and to utilize the time of class effectively to fulfill the state goals,groupwork turns out to be one of the most effective strategies to reach the end.

Novel frontiers of agents for bowel cleansing for colonoscopy

The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is characterized by rapid declines in the wake of widespread screening.Colonoscopy is the gold standard for CRC screening,but its accuracy is related to high quality of bowel preparation(BP).In this review,we aimed to summarized the current strategy to increase bowel cleansing before colonoscopy.Newly bowel cleansing agents were developed with the same efficacy of previous agent but requiring less amount of liquid to improve patients’acceptability.The role of the diet before colonoscopy was also changed,as well the contribution of educational intervention and the use of adjunctive drugs to improve patients’tolerance and/or quality of BP.The review also described BP in special situations,as lower gastrointestinal bleeding,elderly people,patients with chronic kidney disease,patients with inflammatory bowel disease,patients with congestive heart failure,inpatient,patient with previous bowel resection,pregnant/lactating patients.The review underlined the quality of BP should be described using a validate scale in colonoscopy report and it explored the available scales.Finally,the review explored the possible contribution of bowel cleansing in post-colonoscopy syndrome that can be related by a transient alteration of gut microbiota.Moreover,the study underlined several points needed to further investigations.

Review of possible psychological impacts of COVID-19 on frontline medical staff and reduction strategies

Like soldiers,frontline medical staff provide a first line of defense and have played a critical role in responses to the outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019 in December 2019.It is important to acknowledge the considerable pressure placed on frontline medical staff in the face of a new type of coronavirus that is highly infectious and for which no specific treatment is available.Here,we review the various kinds of psychological problems afflicting frontline medical staff who are combatting the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic.These include anxiety,insomnia,depression,interpersonal difficulties,and post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome.We further present a summary of countermeasures for alleviating these problems based on our findings.These countermeasures include ensuring the provision of adequate protective gear for frontline medical staff,developing timely and clear guidelines,strengthening social support,and providing clear criteria and additional training,focusing on the choice of frontline medical staff.An understanding of the psychological impacts of an epidemic situation and of relevant countermeasures will contribute to reducing the psychological pressures on frontline medical staff.Consequently,they will be able to cope better with outbreaks of infectious diseases in the future,to reduce the psychological pressure of the front-line medical staff,and to improve the treatment level.

INVERSION CALCULATION OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC BOUNDARY CURRENT DURINGOCTOBER, 1988

The inverse method developed by Wunsch (1978) is widely used to determine circulation in the oceans (Fu , 1980; Wunsch , Hu and Grant, 1983 ; Joyce and Wunsch , 1986; Rintoul, 1988). However, for inversion manipulation, measurements down to the bottom are required, and so is a certain solid boundary. In the present paper an equation of potential condition satisfied by the velocity field at the reference level is added to Wunsch’s underdetermined matrix equation in order to make the method adequate for the case where measurements do not touch bottom and when a solid boundary does not exist. The western boundary current in the Pacific is calculated and examined in terms of the velocity field and transport with CTD data gathered by the R/V Science I in October 1988 .

Independence of the Residual Quadratic Sums in the Dispersion Equation with Noncentral χ²-Distribution

A model adequacy test should be carried out on the basis of accurate aprioristic ideas about a class of adequate models, as in solving of practical problems this class is final. In article, the quadratic sums entering into the equation of the dispersive analysis are considered and their independence is proved. Necessary and sufficient conditions of existence of adequate models are resulted. It is shown that the class of adequate models is infinite.