Stochastic Maximum Principle for Optimal Advertising Models with Delay and Non-Convex Control Spaces

In this paper we study optimal advertising problems that model the introduction of a new product into the market in the presence of carryover effects of the advertisement and with memory effects in the level of goodwill. In particular, we let the dynamics of the product goodwill to depend on the past, and also on past advertising efforts. We treat the problem by means of the stochastic Pontryagin maximum principle, that here is considered for a class of problems where in the state equation either the state or the control depend on the past. Moreover the control acts on the martingale term and the space of controls U can be chosen to be non-convex but now the space of controls U can be chosen to be non-convex. The maximum principle is thus formulated using a first-order adjoint Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs), which can be explicitly computed due to the specific characteristics of the model, and a second-order adjoint relation.

Study of Advertising Communication Form in the New Media Age

As the development of internet and different social media platform, the advertising has also changed a lot. In traditional media, the advertising producer is professional, the advertising communication channel is simple. However, as a lot of media platform such as TikTok, QQ, WeChat and Little Red book widely used, the advertising form has become more pluralistic, the advertising content producer are not only by professional companies but also by influencers. Thus the content is becoming diversified. The advertising is entering people’s daily life as a fragmented, concealed, more entertaining way. The communication affect is gaining more widespread and effective.

Discussion and Practice of Online and Offline Mixed Teaching Reform of Advertising Art Design Major in Open Education

Teaching reform is an important work indispensable for the long-term development of the open university,and it is also the development trend of the advertising art design major in open education to keep up with the new media era.Based on the current situation of advertising art design major in open education,this paper analyzes the necessity of implementing the online and offline mixed teaching reform in this major,and puts forward the specific teaching reform measures in three aspects.

Combination advertising with budget constraint

An appropriate advertising mode selection and allocation of advertising budgets considering advertising budget constraints are developed with the game theory and optimization model.The results show that the advertising budget and the weakening factor of the online advertising effects on the traditional advertising affect sellers advertising,pricing strategies and budget allocation.The effectiveness of combination advertising is a Pareto optimum relative to the traditional advertising in a certain range.The weakening effect of the online advertising on the traditional advertising has a nonlinear effect on the advertising strategy and pricing strategy.In addition,sellers choose combination advertising with different budget constraints,and there is an optimal budget allocation ratio.In certain cases,sellers can obtain an optimal advertising expenditure less than the budget constrain.When sellers adopt combination advertising with enough budget,they do not invest in traditional advertising without limit.Moreover,compared with enough budget,when sellers adopt combination advertising with budget constrain,sellers do not decrease the advertising allocation of online advertising since online advertising is more efficient.

A New Approach for Reaching the Customer of the Digital Age： Cross-Device Advertising

One of the most significant advantages of the digital era is the fact that it presents a wide array of choices, without any time or place restrictions, to the target audience of the past who obtains information from the relatively passive and restricted sources. The role of the mobile devices that people carry with them almost everywhere and the Internet is undeniable in determining the speed of access to the information among these many choices. For brands, it is getting more and more difficult to reach users who spend their days and hours in front of different screens and consume information very quickly. Cross-device advertising, which has become one of the important subjects of the digital advertising studies in 2014, has established itself as an important method for reaching out to the customers of the digital age who use multiple devises. In this context, this study aims to discuss the essentials of a new advertising method called cross-device advertising. It is an advertising method utilized in digital platform by brands that would like to deliver their messages through the right ads, at the right place and time to the users who have multiple device options in today＇s world.

Assessing the Influence of Roadside Advertising on Traffic Distraction and Its Interplay with Inside Vehicle Distractions: A Cross-Cultural Study in Jordan and Kuwait

Limited research has explored roadside advertisements’ effects on road user behavior in Middle Eastern countries. This study aims to understand distraction perceptions, including advertisements, their impact on behavior, and potential influences from advertisement type, in-vehicle distraction, and country factors (reflecting culture and environment). A standardized questionnaire was administered in Jordan and Kuwait, complemented by observations across three segment types: roadside advertisements, commercial signs, and road signs as control segments. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results indicated a significant disparity in distraction perception between the two groups. Advertisement presence influenced Kuwaiti but not Jordanian behavior. Behavior varied by advertisement type in Jordan, not Kuwait, and in-vehicle distraction did not impact driver behavior. The study suggests explicitly revising advertising policies with a traffic safety focus. Overall, the study contributes insights into road user perceptions and behaviors, highlighting the complex interplay of distractions and advertising on road safety. Further research is required to validate these findings and shape road safety regulations.

A model of targeted advertising with customer recognition

A two-period duopoly model is developed to examine the competitive effects of targeted advertising with customer recognition （TACR）. In the model, two competing firms sell goods to end consumers in the first period, during which customer recognition is obtained. In the second period, advertising can be targeted toward different consumer types. Advertising is assumed to be persuasive in the way that consumer valuation is increased. Equilibrium decisions and profits in each period are derived, showing that the firm who loses the current competition will win in the future. As a result, forward-looking firms price less aggressively so that their long-term profits can be enhanced with the help of TACR. Particularly, TACR improves profits through three important effects： valuation increasing, customer poaching, and anti-competition. Finally, this paper investigates the welfare issues, showing that firms enhance profits at the expense of consumer surplus. It is, therefore, suggested that public sectors take a step to protect consumers with the rapid development of targeting technology.

Optimal targeted advertising strategies based on consumers' value attributes

To evaluate the effects of consumers＇ value attributes on a firm＇s marketing strategies with targeted advertising, each consumer＇s value is measured according to the consumer＇s consuming behavior and consumption features. The baseline model in which a firm sends targeted advertising to myopic consumers with constant valuations is established. The results showthat, when a firm sells products to consumers with distinct values using the strategies of targeted advertising and discriminative price, the firm＇s equilibrium profit with targeted advertising may not always be higher than that using mass advertising, which depends on the ratio of high-value and low-value consumers. Then, three extension models are constructed.First, the firm sends targeted advertising to consumers with different targeting precisions. Secondly, the firm invests in the targeting precision of targeted advertising. Finally, the deliberation cost of rational consumers accepting the discriminative price and targeted advertising is considered. The results indicate that it is profitable for a firm to send targeted advertising to consumers with different value attributes.

Imperfect targeted advertising with two-period competition

A two-period model is developed to investigate the competitive effects of targeted advertising with imperfect targeting in a duopolistic market. In the first period, two firms compete in price in order to recognize customers. In the second period, targeted advertising plays an informative role and acts as a price discrimination device. The firms＇ optimal advertising and pricing strategies under imperfect targeting are compared with those under perfect targeting. Equilibrium decisions show that, under imperfect targeting, when the advertising cost is low enough, both firms will choose to target ads at the rivals＇ old segments. This equilibrium, which could not exist under perfect targeting, results in two opposite results. When cost is high, the effect of mis-targeting will soften price competition and increase profits; on the contrary, when cost is low enough, it will lead to aggressive price competition and profit loss with the increase of imperfect targeting, so firms may have incentives to reduce the mis- targeting degree.

Deviation in Advertising English from a Stylistic Perspective

Advertising English is viewed as an English style with such functional factors as attention value, readability, memorability, selling power. Commercial advertisements are the major concern of this paper. Deviation, namely the violation to the norms of a language, frequently appears in advertisements and can meet requirements of the style of advertising English. Due to limited space, this paper focuses on deviation on the phonological, graphological, lexical, grammatical, and semantic level. Analyzing deviation in advertising English can promote readers' aesthetic and appreciative ability and encourage advertisers to create advertisements with more efficiency, novelty, innovation in more effective language.

Analysis of Attitude in Advertising English

Abstract:Using authentic texts as data,the study mainly explores attitude from the aspects of affect,judgment and appreciation in advertising English under the framework of systemic functional theory.Attitude is an important part of evaluation,and evaluation is regarded as a central part of the meaning of any text,which is especially true of advertising texts.Through the discussion about Attitude,it is shown that many English advertisements contain information that expresses attitudinal meanings,which makes advertising more convincing and able to evoke affinity,and that the values of affect,judgment and appreciation all occur predominantly as positive categories.

Translation of Chinese Advertising Slogans

With the globalization of world economy and the rapid development of Chinese economy,the English translation of commercial advertisements has become more and more important in China.Advertising slogan means a lot of things in an advertisement.Advertising slogans are claimed to be,and often proven to be,the most effective means of drawing attentions to one or more aspects of a product.This paper attempts to discuss the characteristics of advertising slogans both in English and in Chinese and especially in the relevance of Strategies in English Translations of Chinese Advertising Slogans with the aim of improving the translation skills.

A Brief Account of Vague Language in Advertising Based on Speech Act Theory

In the modern world, advertising plays an important role in commercial field and permeates in all aspects of our daily life. While due to the utilitarian essen ce of advertising, audience may have resistance or This thesis objects at vague language examples in advertisements, use Austin and Searle ' s speech act theory as anal yzing tool to make classification, comparation and analysis of the materials.

Rhetoric in English Advertising

Advertising, as an integrated art, has many unique features. It's vocabulary and syntax have own characteristics. In words, the advertising language to be simple, vivid, and emotional. At the same time, rhetoric is an important method, which is often used in advertising.

The Service Model of International Advertising Agencies

This theme takes Euro RSCG Worldwide as example to find out the possible uniform model for all advertising agencies.

The Application of Equivalence Theory to Advertising Translation

Through analyzing equivalence theory,the author tries to find a solution to the problems arising in the process of advertising translation.These problems include cultural diversity,language diversity and special requirement of advertisement.The author declares that Nida's functional equivalence is one of the most appropriate theories to deal with these problems.In this paper,the author introduces the principles of advertising translation and culture divergences in advertising translation,and then gives some advertising translation practices to explain and analyze how to create good advertising translation by using functional equivalence.At last,the author introduces some strategies in advertising translation.

The Influence of the Chinese and Western Culture Differences on the Translation of Business English Advertising

The cultural differences between China and the West have a wide influence on all aspects, especially in the translation ofbusiness English advertisements. The differences in language semantics, cultural values, aesthetic and customs and habits have di-rect impacts on the translation of Chinese and English advertising and the opportunities for product development. On the basis ofunderstanding these differences, translators' understanding of business English advertisements will be more profound, and thetranslation will be more flexible, which will greatly help for the future cultural and business communication and integration.

Translation of the business advertising from the perspective of the theory of the Aesthetics of Reception

The commercial advertisements play a decisive role in the commercial era, and the advertising translation is the main means for the goods to enter the international market. The successful translation of advertisements should pay attention to the accepting reaction of the audience, and the advertising translation should be understood and accepted by the readers, and also should keep pace with the times. In the choice of the translation strategies, we should consider the cultural cognition of the audience and the horizon of the aesthetic expectations, and awaken the readers＇ imagination and desire, so as to achieve the purpose of the promotion of the sales.

Keyword Extraction for Contextual Advertising

Contextual advertising is a major revenue source for today＇s companies. Keyword extraction is a key step in this kind of advertising, through which appropriate advertising keywords are extracted from Web pages so that corresponding ads can be triggered. This paper describes a system that learns how to extract keywords from web pages for advertisement targeting. Firstly a text network for a single webpage is build, then PageRank is applied in the network to decide on the importance of a word, finally top-ranked words are selected as keywords of the webpage. The algorithm is tested on the corpus ofblog pages, and the experimental results prove practical and effective.

Impact of thumb up sharing advertising in social media

“Thumb up advertising”is a new and effective way to spread shared advertising in social media.How the retailer adapts“thumb up advertising”in marketing with a game theory model is analyzed.The results show that when the retailer chooses to thumb up the advertising in Moments,a higher reward will increase the equilibrium price but hurt the retailer s expected profit;if the consumers can more easily reach the thumb up amount,the retailer will charge a higher price,and possibly gain more profit.When the retailer chooses thumb up at the end of the advertising context,a higher reward will increase the equilibrium price and the retailers expected profit will increase/decrease.If the consumers are easier to reach the thumb up amount,the retailer will charge a higher price,and may get more profit.If a consumer s click cost of clicking the sharing advertising is higher,the retailer charges a lower price;and if the consumer s additional perceived value from the advertising is higher,the retailer charges a higher price and reaps more profit.