A Study on Financial Cooperation by NGOs under the Belt and Road Initiative——Taken Asian Financial Cooperation Association(AFCA) as an Example

Non-governmental organizations(NGOs), represented by the Institute of International Finance(IIF), are an important means of international financial cooperation. Asian Financial Cooperation Association(AFCA), with its nature and positioning similar to the IIF, is a newly founded international NGO under the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Therefore, AFCA can draw upon the existing experience of the IIF. Under the BRI, according to the Articles of AFCA, the non-governmental financial cooperation adopted by the IIF includes these three aspects; coordinating regional financing, developing regional financial markets, and maintaining regional financial stability. Further, since AFCA is non-governmental, it faces certain risks and challenges. In future, the new financial cooperation backed by AFCA needs to evolve and improve over time to better support the Belt and Road construction.

新型钝感含能增塑剂3-硝基呋咱-4-甲醚的合成与性能研究

以氰基乙酸乙酯为起始原料,用一锅法先行合成了前体化合物3-氨基呋咱-4-羧酸(AFCA),产率46%。再通过NaBH4/ZnCl2还原体系和H2O2/H2SO4氧化体系先后得到了3-氨基呋咱-4-甲醇(AFMA)及3-硝基呋咱-4-甲醇(NFMA)。用SOCl2将NFMA氯化,得到3-硝基-4-氯甲基呋咱(NFCM),NFCM与甲醇钠反应,最终得到目标化合物3-硝基呋咱-4-甲醚(NFME),产率45%。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、高分辨质谱(HRMS)、核磁共振(NMR)和差热-热重联用(DSC-TG)等对其进行了表征,测定了其燃烧热和感度。结果表明,NFME具有-67℃的低熔点,且对撞击和摩擦钝感;其分解温度为169.9℃,燃烧热16940.8 kJ·kg-1,生成焓407.0 kJ·mol-1,均高于传统硝酸酯类增塑剂丁基硝酸基乙硝胺(Bu-NENA)、三羟甲基乙烷三硝酸酯(TMETN)、1,2,4-丁三醇三硝酸酯(BTTN)和硝化甘油(NG)。