With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterati...With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of astrocytes.The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial metabolites.Finally,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.展开更多
The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts（RAGE）is a receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules which plays important contributions under both physiological and pathological conditions...The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts（RAGE）is a receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules which plays important contributions under both physiological and pathological conditions.Over the years extensive research work supported the detrimental role of RAGE in Alzheimer’s disease（AD）pathophysiology,ranging from its involvement in beta amyloid（Aβ）brain influx and clearance,展开更多
糖尿病血管并发症是糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因之一，许多研究旨在探索其病因以及发生发展的机制。近年来，关于晚期糖基化终末产物（advanced glycation end products，AGEs）及其受体（receptor for advanced glycation end products，...糖尿病血管并发症是糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因之一，许多研究旨在探索其病因以及发生发展的机制。近年来，关于晚期糖基化终末产物（advanced glycation end products，AGEs）及其受体（receptor for advanced glycation end products，RAGE）系统对糖尿病血管损伤影响的研究较为深入，笔者选取其中具有重要意义的几个方面做简要说明，醚AGEs／AGE—RAGE系统如何影响糖尿病血管并发症的转归，探讨目前针对AGEs／AGE—RAGE治疗上的一些最新进展.展开更多
目的探讨可溶性RAGE(soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation-end products,sRAGE)对晚期糖基化终产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)-晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation-end products,RAGE)介...目的探讨可溶性RAGE(soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation-end products,sRAGE)对晚期糖基化终产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)-晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation-end products,RAGE)介导的C57BL/6J小鼠SGCs(spiral ganglion cells,SGCs)凋亡及RAGE受体表达的影响。方法不同浓度的sRAGE作用于培养5天后的螺旋神经节细胞和加入AGEs-BSA作用2 h后的SGCs细胞,采用免疫荧光法鉴定SGCs,通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,以及RT-PCR检测RAGE的mRNA的表达,琼脂糖凝胶电泳对扩增结果进行确认,同时采用western blot技术检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax、BCL-2及caspase-3的表达情况。结果原代培养获得足够数量以及活性良好的SGCs,并用小鼠抗神经微丝蛋白抗体染色以鉴定。单纯向SGCs加入不同浓度的sRAGE,细胞凋亡无明显增加,RAGE受体的表达无明显增多;而不同浓度sRAGE加入AGEs作用的SGCs后,可见SGCs的凋亡随sRAGE浓度增加而减少,呈浓度相关性,RAGE受体的mRNA表达也随之减弱。凋亡相关蛋白中,BCL-2表达升高,Bax及cleaved caspase-3表达降低。结论 s RAGE可以减少AGEs诱导的SGCs的凋亡,并减少膜上RAGE受体的表达,可能与s RAGE竞争性结合AGEs而不产生相应生物学效应有关。展开更多
目的:观察小檗碱对糖尿病认知功能障碍模型小鼠AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB信号通路的作用,并探讨小檗碱缓解糖尿病认知功能障碍的相关机制。方法:将实验小鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,小檗碱低、中、高剂量组,除空白组外,其他各组制备糖尿病认知功...目的:观察小檗碱对糖尿病认知功能障碍模型小鼠AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB信号通路的作用,并探讨小檗碱缓解糖尿病认知功能障碍的相关机制。方法:将实验小鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,小檗碱低、中、高剂量组,除空白组外,其他各组制备糖尿病认知功能障碍模型。造模成功后小檗碱低、中、高剂量组分别给予不同剂量的小檗碱,空白组和模型组给予等体积的生理盐水。Morris水迷宫检测小鼠的学习记忆能力,尼氏染色观察小鼠海马病理形态变化,ELISA检测小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)的表达,Real time-PCR和Western bolt检测海马中晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)、晚期糖蛋白终末产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE)、核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)的基因和蛋白表达水平。结果:与空白组比较,模型组小鼠上平台潜伏期、游泳总路程和第1次抵原平台时间明显增加(P<0.01),穿越平台次数、目标象限时间则明显减少(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,小檗碱高剂量组小鼠上平台潜伏期、游泳总路程和第1次抵原平台时间均有不同程度减少(P<0.05),穿越平台次数、目标象限时间则有不同程度增加(P<0.05)。空白组小鼠海马CA3区神经元排列均匀整齐,细胞核饱满,尼氏体染色均匀,大小均一。模型组小鼠海马CA3区神经元减少,尼氏体固缩、深染。小檗碱高剂量组神经元恢复较好,排列较整齐,尼氏体固缩、深染明显好转。与空白组相比,模型组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平及海马中AGEs、RAGE、NF-κB的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均升高(P<0.05),与模型组相比,小檗碱高剂量组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β水平及海马中AGEs、RAGE、NF-κB的mRNA和蛋白表达均下降(P<0.05)。结论:小檗碱能缓解糖尿病认知功能障碍模型小鼠的记忆缺陷,其机制可能与其下调AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB信号通路有关。展开更多
The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products(RAGE)is a multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily,notably highly expressed in the lungs.Its interaction with a variety of ligands,including advanced glyc...The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products(RAGE)is a multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily,notably highly expressed in the lungs.Its interaction with a variety of ligands,including advanced glycation end products(AGEs),S100 proteins,and high mobility group box 1(HMGB1),activates multiple signaling pathways that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of numerous pulmonary diseases and comorbidities.However,comprehensive reviews on the role of ligands-RAGE signaling in specific lung diseases are rare.This review aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which RAGE-mediated signaling pathways either provide protective or pathogenic effects in pulmonary diseases,focusing on its key regulatory roles in asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),pulmonary fibrosis(PF),Lung Cancer and COVID-19 Pneumonia,as well as to discuss its therapeutic potential in the specific context of lung diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Foundation,No.22HHXBSS00047(to PL)Graduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Tianjin,No.2022BKY173(to LZ)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Foundation,No.20201194(to PL).
文摘With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of astrocytes.The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial metabolites.Finally,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.
文摘The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts（RAGE）is a receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules which plays important contributions under both physiological and pathological conditions.Over the years extensive research work supported the detrimental role of RAGE in Alzheimer’s disease（AD）pathophysiology,ranging from its involvement in beta amyloid（Aβ）brain influx and clearance,
文摘糖尿病血管并发症是糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因之一，许多研究旨在探索其病因以及发生发展的机制。近年来，关于晚期糖基化终末产物（advanced glycation end products，AGEs）及其受体（receptor for advanced glycation end products，RAGE）系统对糖尿病血管损伤影响的研究较为深入，笔者选取其中具有重要意义的几个方面做简要说明，醚AGEs／AGE—RAGE系统如何影响糖尿病血管并发症的转归，探讨目前针对AGEs／AGE—RAGE治疗上的一些最新进展.
文摘目的探讨可溶性RAGE(soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation-end products,sRAGE)对晚期糖基化终产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)-晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation-end products,RAGE)介导的C57BL/6J小鼠SGCs(spiral ganglion cells,SGCs)凋亡及RAGE受体表达的影响。方法不同浓度的sRAGE作用于培养5天后的螺旋神经节细胞和加入AGEs-BSA作用2 h后的SGCs细胞,采用免疫荧光法鉴定SGCs,通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,以及RT-PCR检测RAGE的mRNA的表达,琼脂糖凝胶电泳对扩增结果进行确认,同时采用western blot技术检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax、BCL-2及caspase-3的表达情况。结果原代培养获得足够数量以及活性良好的SGCs,并用小鼠抗神经微丝蛋白抗体染色以鉴定。单纯向SGCs加入不同浓度的sRAGE,细胞凋亡无明显增加,RAGE受体的表达无明显增多;而不同浓度sRAGE加入AGEs作用的SGCs后,可见SGCs的凋亡随sRAGE浓度增加而减少,呈浓度相关性,RAGE受体的mRNA表达也随之减弱。凋亡相关蛋白中,BCL-2表达升高,Bax及cleaved caspase-3表达降低。结论 s RAGE可以减少AGEs诱导的SGCs的凋亡,并减少膜上RAGE受体的表达,可能与s RAGE竞争性结合AGEs而不产生相应生物学效应有关。
文摘目的:观察小檗碱对糖尿病认知功能障碍模型小鼠AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB信号通路的作用,并探讨小檗碱缓解糖尿病认知功能障碍的相关机制。方法:将实验小鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,小檗碱低、中、高剂量组,除空白组外,其他各组制备糖尿病认知功能障碍模型。造模成功后小檗碱低、中、高剂量组分别给予不同剂量的小檗碱,空白组和模型组给予等体积的生理盐水。Morris水迷宫检测小鼠的学习记忆能力,尼氏染色观察小鼠海马病理形态变化,ELISA检测小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)的表达,Real time-PCR和Western bolt检测海马中晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)、晚期糖蛋白终末产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE)、核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)的基因和蛋白表达水平。结果:与空白组比较,模型组小鼠上平台潜伏期、游泳总路程和第1次抵原平台时间明显增加(P<0.01),穿越平台次数、目标象限时间则明显减少(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,小檗碱高剂量组小鼠上平台潜伏期、游泳总路程和第1次抵原平台时间均有不同程度减少(P<0.05),穿越平台次数、目标象限时间则有不同程度增加(P<0.05)。空白组小鼠海马CA3区神经元排列均匀整齐,细胞核饱满,尼氏体染色均匀,大小均一。模型组小鼠海马CA3区神经元减少,尼氏体固缩、深染。小檗碱高剂量组神经元恢复较好,排列较整齐,尼氏体固缩、深染明显好转。与空白组相比,模型组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平及海马中AGEs、RAGE、NF-κB的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均升高(P<0.05),与模型组相比,小檗碱高剂量组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β水平及海马中AGEs、RAGE、NF-κB的mRNA和蛋白表达均下降(P<0.05)。结论:小檗碱能缓解糖尿病认知功能障碍模型小鼠的记忆缺陷,其机制可能与其下调AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB信号通路有关。
基金Scientific Research Project of Hebei Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2020136)Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(ZD2022043)。
基金funded by Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province 2023NSFSC0130 and 2023NSFSC1992Startup Foundation for Advanced Talents of Sichuan University(YJ2021124)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and sponsored by Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease(SKLRD-OP-202501).
文摘The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products(RAGE)is a multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily,notably highly expressed in the lungs.Its interaction with a variety of ligands,including advanced glycation end products(AGEs),S100 proteins,and high mobility group box 1(HMGB1),activates multiple signaling pathways that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of numerous pulmonary diseases and comorbidities.However,comprehensive reviews on the role of ligands-RAGE signaling in specific lung diseases are rare.This review aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which RAGE-mediated signaling pathways either provide protective or pathogenic effects in pulmonary diseases,focusing on its key regulatory roles in asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),pulmonary fibrosis(PF),Lung Cancer and COVID-19 Pneumonia,as well as to discuss its therapeutic potential in the specific context of lung diseases.
