目的探究医科达Agility多叶准直器直线加速器在调强放射治疗计划中的剂量学优势。方法选择采用Monaco系统的30例肿瘤患者,其中男性14例,女性16例;年龄44~69岁,平均年龄58岁;肿瘤类型,头部肿瘤5例,颈部肿瘤5例,胸部肿瘤5例,乳腺癌5例,腹...目的探究医科达Agility多叶准直器直线加速器在调强放射治疗计划中的剂量学优势。方法选择采用Monaco系统的30例肿瘤患者,其中男性14例,女性16例;年龄44~69岁,平均年龄58岁;肿瘤类型,头部肿瘤5例,颈部肿瘤5例,胸部肿瘤5例,乳腺癌5例,腹部肿瘤5例,盆腔肿瘤5例。先用MLCi2多叶准直器进行放射治疗设计(MLCi2 MLC计划)。不改变计划,再用Agility多叶准直器进行放射治疗设计(Agility MLC计划)。加速器升级成Agility多叶准直器前后调强放射治疗计划的适形度指数、均匀性指数及各类危及器官剂量的差异性进行比较。结果不同放射治疗设计下,30例癌症患者计划靶区的均匀性指数(0.13±0.07 vs 0.10±0.05)和适形度指数(0.73±0.17 vs 0.75±0.13),腹部肿瘤患者计划靶区的均匀性指数(0.12±0.09 vs 0.09±0.03)和适形度指数(0.78±0.05 vs 0.81±0.06),以及肺(V20)[(23.53±11.80)cm^(3)vs(20.85±9.23)cm^(3)]、小肠(D_(max))[(5344.67±407.89)cGy vs(5244.76±361.13)cGy]、腮腺(V_(50))[(18.34±7.72)cm^(3)vs(12.23±10.27)cm^(3)]重要危及器官差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Agility多叶准直器会产生大量的孤岛野,孤岛野达到总射野数的50.0%、52.3%、55.6%,孤岛野会大幅度提高双靶区患者的靶区适形度和均匀性。结论Agility多叶准直器对肿瘤的调强放射治疗计划的靶区均匀性和危及器官的保护限制均具有优势,尤其针对腹部肿瘤和双靶区患者。展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to calculate the torsional agility metric,the time-to-roll and capture a 90° bank angle change,using a simple pilot mathematical model obtained from simulator test. The metric mention...The purpose of this paper is to calculate the torsional agility metric,the time-to-roll and capture a 90° bank angle change,using a simple pilot mathematical model obtained from simulator test. The metric mentioned above is determined by the aircraft maneuverability and controllability,or the pilot ability to roll and capture quickly and accurately a bank angle. Therefore, the time-to-roll and capture a 90° bank angle change can be obtained by calculating the open loop process with limited maximum stick denflect velocity and the man-machine closed loop precise tracking control. Results show that the calculated values are quite consistent with the manned simulation data. The dteterioration of torsional agility while the aircraft is poor or very maneuverable can be explained. It is suggested that this approach could provide the basis for the approxi mate evaluation of aircraft torsional agility metric.展开更多
Modeling plays an important role in understanding and implementation of manufacturing system under changing competitive environment. Agile manuincturing is a new pattern of production. It is the issue to identify, ana...Modeling plays an important role in understanding and implementation of manufacturing system under changing competitive environment. Agile manuincturing is a new pattern of production. It is the issue to identify, analyze and evaluate agility for involved people, information,process and organization. There is no commonly accepted analytical structure. The essence of agility is investigated and a model to develop agility is elucidated.展开更多
In the last decade, turbulent times and uncertainti es in the business environment have made ground for a new business era, and "chang e" has become a major characteristic of the new era. This has resulted i...In the last decade, turbulent times and uncertainti es in the business environment have made ground for a new business era, and "chang e" has become a major characteristic of the new era. This has resulted in tirele ss evolution of business systems and the creation of new manufacturing and manag ement philosophies. Agile Manufacturing (AM) is a step forward in generation of new means for better performance and success of business, and in practice is a s trategic approach to manufacturing by considering the new conditions of the business environment. This paper discusses the concepts and development of a met hodology to achieve agility in manufacturing organisations. Following an introdu ction of the subject of agility, a discussion of the methodology and practical t ools to support the implementation of the methodology, including metrics for the assessment of agility drivers, capability and performance are given. Aspects of the tools are tested in an aerospace company.展开更多
Mass Customization (MC) is one of the importance en te rprise produces modes in information age progressively. Mass Customization produ ct manufacturing is aimed at the objection of agile responding to customer deman ...Mass Customization (MC) is one of the importance en te rprise produces modes in information age progressively. Mass Customization produ ct manufacturing is aimed at the objection of agile responding to customer deman d, market changing and market opportunities to combine with modern management te chnology and advanced manufacture technology, and to use the development model o f design for product family and technology concurrent. Therefore, in the environ ment of market continuing to change with a high speed, MC enterprise is required to raise its ability of controlling future market by improving its "agility of product manufacturing". So it is necessary to research about the question of agi lity evaluation of MC product manufacturing. Base on the characteristics of the Mass Customization (MC) product manufacturing and the requirement of the agile m anufacturing, this paper establish an MC product manufacturing Agility evaluatio n index system through studying MC enterprise’s organization management agility evaluation and MC products design agility evaluation and MC manufacture agility evaluation. Also, with Xi Dian Casting limited company as an example, the multi -grade fuzzy assessment method is used to evaluate its agility.展开更多
The agility of production planning is defined as two characters： synchronization and flexibility. Measurement indexes for evaluating agility are then divided into two dimensions separately. Synchronization includes t...The agility of production planning is defined as two characters： synchronization and flexibility. Measurement indexes for evaluating agility are then divided into two dimensions separately. Synchronization includes two horizontal indexes： order lead time ratio and demand fulfilling rate; Two vertical indexes： instruction-reaction cycle time and resource matching rate. Flexibility includes five indexes： scope flexibility, delivery flexibility, variety flexibility, capacity buffer, inventory buffer and modification flexibility. Quantitative formulas for each measurement index are constructed. One application is discussed to illustrate the feasibility and reasonability of the indexes.展开更多
Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic disorders.However,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal...Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic disorders.However,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain unclear.The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD patients.Methods:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective study.Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores.Impaired renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)equation.Results:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,respectively.In multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of CKD.Early glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.展开更多
Organizational agility, the ability to sense and respond to changes quickly, has been regarded as an important index of organizational performance in rapidly changing environments. However, research on agility has lar...Organizational agility, the ability to sense and respond to changes quickly, has been regarded as an important index of organizational performance in rapidly changing environments. However, research on agility has largely overlooked the dynamics of the resource configuration process, which includes resource selection, acquisition, development, and management. Prior studies have mostly taken for granted a set of organizational resources deemed sufficient for developing agility, and overlooked the efforts required to render the resources ready for agility development. Adopting the resource-based view, this study aims to close such a theoretical gap by conceptualizing a dynamic resource configuration process. Based on a case study of the Shanghai Social Security Card System （SSSCS） project, we inductively develop a process model for resource configuration in agility development. This model demonstrates the configuration process of IT resources and institutional resources to create agility. Simultaneously, it stresses that IT resources may serve in initiating corresponding institutional resources, assist in the molding and shaping of new institutional resources, and also serve in sustaining institutional resources. Our research contributes to the organizational agility literature by elaborating on the dynamic resource configuration process embedded in the agility development process. Our findings offer suggestions to governments and guide them in configuring 1T and institutional resources to develop organizational agility.展开更多
文摘目的探究医科达Agility多叶准直器直线加速器在调强放射治疗计划中的剂量学优势。方法选择采用Monaco系统的30例肿瘤患者,其中男性14例,女性16例;年龄44~69岁,平均年龄58岁;肿瘤类型,头部肿瘤5例,颈部肿瘤5例,胸部肿瘤5例,乳腺癌5例,腹部肿瘤5例,盆腔肿瘤5例。先用MLCi2多叶准直器进行放射治疗设计(MLCi2 MLC计划)。不改变计划,再用Agility多叶准直器进行放射治疗设计(Agility MLC计划)。加速器升级成Agility多叶准直器前后调强放射治疗计划的适形度指数、均匀性指数及各类危及器官剂量的差异性进行比较。结果不同放射治疗设计下,30例癌症患者计划靶区的均匀性指数(0.13±0.07 vs 0.10±0.05)和适形度指数(0.73±0.17 vs 0.75±0.13),腹部肿瘤患者计划靶区的均匀性指数(0.12±0.09 vs 0.09±0.03)和适形度指数(0.78±0.05 vs 0.81±0.06),以及肺(V20)[(23.53±11.80)cm^(3)vs(20.85±9.23)cm^(3)]、小肠(D_(max))[(5344.67±407.89)cGy vs(5244.76±361.13)cGy]、腮腺(V_(50))[(18.34±7.72)cm^(3)vs(12.23±10.27)cm^(3)]重要危及器官差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Agility多叶准直器会产生大量的孤岛野,孤岛野达到总射野数的50.0%、52.3%、55.6%,孤岛野会大幅度提高双靶区患者的靶区适形度和均匀性。结论Agility多叶准直器对肿瘤的调强放射治疗计划的靶区均匀性和危及器官的保护限制均具有优势,尤其针对腹部肿瘤和双靶区患者。
文摘The purpose of this paper is to calculate the torsional agility metric,the time-to-roll and capture a 90° bank angle change,using a simple pilot mathematical model obtained from simulator test. The metric mentioned above is determined by the aircraft maneuverability and controllability,or the pilot ability to roll and capture quickly and accurately a bank angle. Therefore, the time-to-roll and capture a 90° bank angle change can be obtained by calculating the open loop process with limited maximum stick denflect velocity and the man-machine closed loop precise tracking control. Results show that the calculated values are quite consistent with the manned simulation data. The dteterioration of torsional agility while the aircraft is poor or very maneuverable can be explained. It is suggested that this approach could provide the basis for the approxi mate evaluation of aircraft torsional agility metric.
文摘Modeling plays an important role in understanding and implementation of manufacturing system under changing competitive environment. Agile manuincturing is a new pattern of production. It is the issue to identify, analyze and evaluate agility for involved people, information,process and organization. There is no commonly accepted analytical structure. The essence of agility is investigated and a model to develop agility is elucidated.
文摘In the last decade, turbulent times and uncertainti es in the business environment have made ground for a new business era, and "chang e" has become a major characteristic of the new era. This has resulted in tirele ss evolution of business systems and the creation of new manufacturing and manag ement philosophies. Agile Manufacturing (AM) is a step forward in generation of new means for better performance and success of business, and in practice is a s trategic approach to manufacturing by considering the new conditions of the business environment. This paper discusses the concepts and development of a met hodology to achieve agility in manufacturing organisations. Following an introdu ction of the subject of agility, a discussion of the methodology and practical t ools to support the implementation of the methodology, including metrics for the assessment of agility drivers, capability and performance are given. Aspects of the tools are tested in an aerospace company.
文摘Mass Customization (MC) is one of the importance en te rprise produces modes in information age progressively. Mass Customization produ ct manufacturing is aimed at the objection of agile responding to customer deman d, market changing and market opportunities to combine with modern management te chnology and advanced manufacture technology, and to use the development model o f design for product family and technology concurrent. Therefore, in the environ ment of market continuing to change with a high speed, MC enterprise is required to raise its ability of controlling future market by improving its "agility of product manufacturing". So it is necessary to research about the question of agi lity evaluation of MC product manufacturing. Base on the characteristics of the Mass Customization (MC) product manufacturing and the requirement of the agile m anufacturing, this paper establish an MC product manufacturing Agility evaluatio n index system through studying MC enterprise’s organization management agility evaluation and MC products design agility evaluation and MC manufacture agility evaluation. Also, with Xi Dian Casting limited company as an example, the multi -grade fuzzy assessment method is used to evaluate its agility.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70271023).
文摘The agility of production planning is defined as two characters： synchronization and flexibility. Measurement indexes for evaluating agility are then divided into two dimensions separately. Synchronization includes two horizontal indexes： order lead time ratio and demand fulfilling rate; Two vertical indexes： instruction-reaction cycle time and resource matching rate. Flexibility includes five indexes： scope flexibility, delivery flexibility, variety flexibility, capacity buffer, inventory buffer and modification flexibility. Quantitative formulas for each measurement index are constructed. One application is discussed to illustrate the feasibility and reasonability of the indexes.
基金This study was partially supported by an unrestricted grant from Gilead Sciences(CAP-Asia Study-IN-US-989-5334).
文摘Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic disorders.However,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain unclear.The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD patients.Methods:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective study.Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores.Impaired renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)equation.Results:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,respectively.In multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of CKD.Early glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.
文摘Organizational agility, the ability to sense and respond to changes quickly, has been regarded as an important index of organizational performance in rapidly changing environments. However, research on agility has largely overlooked the dynamics of the resource configuration process, which includes resource selection, acquisition, development, and management. Prior studies have mostly taken for granted a set of organizational resources deemed sufficient for developing agility, and overlooked the efforts required to render the resources ready for agility development. Adopting the resource-based view, this study aims to close such a theoretical gap by conceptualizing a dynamic resource configuration process. Based on a case study of the Shanghai Social Security Card System （SSSCS） project, we inductively develop a process model for resource configuration in agility development. This model demonstrates the configuration process of IT resources and institutional resources to create agility. Simultaneously, it stresses that IT resources may serve in initiating corresponding institutional resources, assist in the molding and shaping of new institutional resources, and also serve in sustaining institutional resources. Our research contributes to the organizational agility literature by elaborating on the dynamic resource configuration process embedded in the agility development process. Our findings offer suggestions to governments and guide them in configuring 1T and institutional resources to develop organizational agility.
