The immune efficiency of a recombinant adenovirus type 5 with type 35 fiber containing HIV-1 gag gene （rAd5/F35-mod. gag） was investigated in BALB/c mice, in which the rAd5/F35-mod, gag was firstly identified with P...The immune efficiency of a recombinant adenovirus type 5 with type 35 fiber containing HIV-1 gag gene （rAd5/F35-mod. gag） was investigated in BALB/c mice, in which the rAd5/F35-mod, gag was firstly identified with PCR, then transfected to 293 cells and the in vitro expression level of Gag protein was determined by Western blotting and indirect immuno-fluorescent assay. Mice were immunized with intramuscular injections of rAd5/F35-mod, gag, rAd5-mod, gag or DNA and were boosted after 3 weeks. To test the effect of pre-existing anti-viral immunity on immunization, mice were also injected with Ad5- GFP vector and then immunized 4 and 7 weeks later with Ad5/F35-mod. gag vector. The P24-specific IgG antibody in sera of immunized mice was determined by ELISA and the specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） response was assayed by intracellular cytokine staining. It was demonstrated that the rAd5/F35- rood. gag vector could express efficiently the HIV Gag protein in 293 cells in vitro and induce strong HIV- specific immune responses in vivo. The strongest CTL and serum IgG response occurred when mice were immunized twice with injection of rAd5/F35 alone, but the anti-Ad5 antibody after primary infection with adenovirus could inhibit the specific immune responses induced by rAd5/F35 vector. It is concluded that single immunization with recombinant adenovirus rAd5/F35-mod, gag can induce specific CTL and serum IgG antibody responses in mice, but the immunogenicity of rAd5/F35 is comparably weaker than that of rAd5.展开更多
Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users de...Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users detained at a detoxification unit were collected, and the HIV-1 antibodies in the specimens of them were screened by urine and serum ELISA kits, respectively. Results: Of 273 serum specimens, 94 ones showed positive reaction and among 94 counterpart urine specimens, 93 ones also appeared positive reaction. Taking the results together,the consistent rate of HIV-1 antibody screened by urine and serum ELISA kits was 99.6%. Conclusion: The urine ELISA kit, which screened HIV-1 antibody of urine showing almost the same results tested by serum ELISA kit, is reliable. It is proposed that urine ELISA be introduced in many fields.展开更多
In this work, the enthalpy of fusion and melting points of 2-（tert-butyl）-5-methylphenol （2B5MP） and 2-（tert-butyl）-4-methylphenol （2B4MP） were measured by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The binary...In this work, the enthalpy of fusion and melting points of 2-（tert-butyl）-5-methylphenol （2B5MP） and 2-（tert-butyl）-4-methylphenol （2B4MP） were measured by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The binary solid-liquid equilibrium （SLE） of both compounds were predicted by integrated computer aided system （ICAS） and measured by DSC. The corresponding eutectic molar composition is 0.6998 and the eutectic temperature is 281.96 K. The quasi-static heat capacities of 2B5MP and 2B4MP were evaluated by stochastic temperature modulation DSC technique （TOPEM）. The SLE experimental data were correlated using the Margules, Wilson, and non-random two liquid （NRTL） equations and a good agreement between measurement and calculation could be obtained.展开更多
Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection,HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health.The combination antiretroviral therapy(cART),although able to suppress HIV-1 rep...Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection,HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health.The combination antiretroviral therapy(cART),although able to suppress HIV-1 replication,cannot eliminate the proviral DNA integrated into the human genome and thus requires lifelong treatment that may lead to various side effects.In recent years,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)-associated nuclease 9(Cas9)related gene-editing systems have been developed and designed as effective ways to treat HIV-1 infection.However,new gene-targeting tools derived from or functioning like CRISPR/Cas9,including base editor,prime editing,SHERLOCK,DETECTR,PAC-MAN,ABACAS,pfAGO,have been developed and optimized for pathogens detection and diseases correction.Here,we summarize recent studies on HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy and provide more gene-editing targets based on studies relating to the molecular mechanism of HIV-1 infection.We also identify the strategies and potential applications of these new gene-editing technologies for HIV-1/AIDS treatment in the future.Moreover,we discuss the caveats and problems that should be addressed before the clinical use of these versatile CRISPR-based gene targeting tools.Finally,we offer alternative solutions to improve the practice of gene targeting in HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy.展开更多
Objective To investigate the reproductive and sexual health situation, including knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, among a population-based sample of internal migrant workers in China. Methods A cross-sectional sur...Objective To investigate the reproductive and sexual health situation, including knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, among a population-based sample of internal migrant workers in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 4 900 rural-to-urban migrants in 6 provinces of China was conducted. Participants completed a 30-min semi-structured questionnaire about contraceptive practices, sexual behavior, and HIV-related knowledge. Results Migrants lacked knowledge of reproductive and sexual health issues. Among those who had heard any sexually transmitted infections （STIs）, only 79.1%, 46.2%, 86.1%, 14.5% and 82.2%, respectively, knew that gonorrhea, condyloma, syphilis, chancroid, and AIDS were STIs. About three-quarters of participants had not used any contraceptive method at sexual debut. Among current users of contraceptive methods, 85.5% indicated that they were satisfied with the method. Before adoption of a contraceptive method, 46.6% of the migrant workers were unaware of the advantages/ disadvantages of the method and 75.3% had no knowledge of emergency contraception. Nearly one-quarter （23.4%） reported that they had premarital sex. Among migrants who were sexually active one month prior to the survey, only 14.0% reported that they had used condoms. Conclusion The limited sexual and reproductive health knowledge and unmet reproductive health services of migrant workers in China underscore the need for a comprehensive package of sexual and reproductive health interventions that combine cognitive and behavioral skills training and target both migrants and health care providers.展开更多
文摘The immune efficiency of a recombinant adenovirus type 5 with type 35 fiber containing HIV-1 gag gene （rAd5/F35-mod. gag） was investigated in BALB/c mice, in which the rAd5/F35-mod, gag was firstly identified with PCR, then transfected to 293 cells and the in vitro expression level of Gag protein was determined by Western blotting and indirect immuno-fluorescent assay. Mice were immunized with intramuscular injections of rAd5/F35-mod, gag, rAd5-mod, gag or DNA and were boosted after 3 weeks. To test the effect of pre-existing anti-viral immunity on immunization, mice were also injected with Ad5- GFP vector and then immunized 4 and 7 weeks later with Ad5/F35-mod. gag vector. The P24-specific IgG antibody in sera of immunized mice was determined by ELISA and the specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） response was assayed by intracellular cytokine staining. It was demonstrated that the rAd5/F35- rood. gag vector could express efficiently the HIV Gag protein in 293 cells in vitro and induce strong HIV- specific immune responses in vivo. The strongest CTL and serum IgG response occurred when mice were immunized twice with injection of rAd5/F35 alone, but the anti-Ad5 antibody after primary infection with adenovirus could inhibit the specific immune responses induced by rAd5/F35 vector. It is concluded that single immunization with recombinant adenovirus rAd5/F35-mod, gag can induce specific CTL and serum IgG antibody responses in mice, but the immunogenicity of rAd5/F35 is comparably weaker than that of rAd5.
文摘Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users detained at a detoxification unit were collected, and the HIV-1 antibodies in the specimens of them were screened by urine and serum ELISA kits, respectively. Results: Of 273 serum specimens, 94 ones showed positive reaction and among 94 counterpart urine specimens, 93 ones also appeared positive reaction. Taking the results together,the consistent rate of HIV-1 antibody screened by urine and serum ELISA kits was 99.6%. Conclusion: The urine ELISA kit, which screened HIV-1 antibody of urine showing almost the same results tested by serum ELISA kit, is reliable. It is proposed that urine ELISA be introduced in many fields.
基金We are grateful to Prof. Rafiqul Gani for providing the software ICAS. This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 20836005, 21003077 and 21176184） and Open Project of Key Laboratory Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry （Nankai University） （KLAEMC-OP201201）.
文摘In this work, the enthalpy of fusion and melting points of 2-（tert-butyl）-5-methylphenol （2B5MP） and 2-（tert-butyl）-4-methylphenol （2B4MP） were measured by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The binary solid-liquid equilibrium （SLE） of both compounds were predicted by integrated computer aided system （ICAS） and measured by DSC. The corresponding eutectic molar composition is 0.6998 and the eutectic temperature is 281.96 K. The quasi-static heat capacities of 2B5MP and 2B4MP were evaluated by stochastic temperature modulation DSC technique （TOPEM）. The SLE experimental data were correlated using the Margules, Wilson, and non-random two liquid （NRTL） equations and a good agreement between measurement and calculation could be obtained.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042021kf0195)love creates future research funding,and Hubei natural science foundation(2021CFB483)+2 种基金supported by grants from China National Special Program for Major Infectious Diseases(2014ZX10001003 and 2017ZX10202102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81401659,82172258)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015T80838 and 2014M560622)
文摘Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection,HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health.The combination antiretroviral therapy(cART),although able to suppress HIV-1 replication,cannot eliminate the proviral DNA integrated into the human genome and thus requires lifelong treatment that may lead to various side effects.In recent years,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)-associated nuclease 9(Cas9)related gene-editing systems have been developed and designed as effective ways to treat HIV-1 infection.However,new gene-targeting tools derived from or functioning like CRISPR/Cas9,including base editor,prime editing,SHERLOCK,DETECTR,PAC-MAN,ABACAS,pfAGO,have been developed and optimized for pathogens detection and diseases correction.Here,we summarize recent studies on HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy and provide more gene-editing targets based on studies relating to the molecular mechanism of HIV-1 infection.We also identify the strategies and potential applications of these new gene-editing technologies for HIV-1/AIDS treatment in the future.Moreover,we discuss the caveats and problems that should be addressed before the clinical use of these versatile CRISPR-based gene targeting tools.Finally,we offer alternative solutions to improve the practice of gene targeting in HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy.
文摘Objective To investigate the reproductive and sexual health situation, including knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, among a population-based sample of internal migrant workers in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 4 900 rural-to-urban migrants in 6 provinces of China was conducted. Participants completed a 30-min semi-structured questionnaire about contraceptive practices, sexual behavior, and HIV-related knowledge. Results Migrants lacked knowledge of reproductive and sexual health issues. Among those who had heard any sexually transmitted infections （STIs）, only 79.1%, 46.2%, 86.1%, 14.5% and 82.2%, respectively, knew that gonorrhea, condyloma, syphilis, chancroid, and AIDS were STIs. About three-quarters of participants had not used any contraceptive method at sexual debut. Among current users of contraceptive methods, 85.5% indicated that they were satisfied with the method. Before adoption of a contraceptive method, 46.6% of the migrant workers were unaware of the advantages/ disadvantages of the method and 75.3% had no knowledge of emergency contraception. Nearly one-quarter （23.4%） reported that they had premarital sex. Among migrants who were sexually active one month prior to the survey, only 14.0% reported that they had used condoms. Conclusion The limited sexual and reproductive health knowledge and unmet reproductive health services of migrant workers in China underscore the need for a comprehensive package of sexual and reproductive health interventions that combine cognitive and behavioral skills training and target both migrants and health care providers.
