Background: Designing a need-based social protection intervention for children comes as comprehensive tool for addressing the overall quality of life of HIV positive children. Not much has been examined on what consti...Background: Designing a need-based social protection intervention for children comes as comprehensive tool for addressing the overall quality of life of HIV positive children. Not much has been examined on what constitute the desired social protection framework for HIV positive children. Methods: This study was informed by a qualitative descriptive exploratory design approach. The study drew insights from the shared perspectives of 27 participants sampled from positive HIV status disclosed children—10 - 17 years, healthcare workers, Social and Development worker, HIV positive caregivers and parents from 7 ART clinics in rural and urban Brong Ahafo and Ashanti regions of Ghana. Data was collected through interviews and two focus group discussions with study participants. Drawing on the emerged themes from the transcripts, thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data using comparative thematic framework approach. Findings: The eclectic perspectives on the type of social protection policy/intervention preferred demonstrated the need for an interrelated and integrated social protection policy. This should not be designed in isolation towards addressing the child vulnerability. The study found that social protection policies aimed at addressing vulnerability levels of children should consider the dual vulnerability situation within which HIV positive children and adolescents are located. A set of unique specific tailored approach and package reflecting minimum combination social protection package to HIV positive children was considered essential for inclusion. The themes that emerged covered social policy/intervention package inclusive of a disease ending/eradication intervention package, cash transfer for children and their caregivers, free comprehensive health insurance integrating all consultancy and laboratory services charges, direct food supplements supply and nutritional support, research, target specified with evidenced-based monitoring. Counseling support and preferential treatment for children visiting ART for treatment were to be included. Conclusion: Combination social protection intervention packages remain the pathway to yielding maximum dividends on any social intervention that seeks to address the vulnerability levels of HIV positive children in Ghana. This should be designed taking into consideration the preference of the main target beneficiaries (HIV positive children) while accounting for the inclusion of the technical expertise of implementing stakeholders in the policy design from conceptualization to evaluation.展开更多
Purpose: This study examined the level of burden and the extent of support on family caregivers of people living with AIDS (PLWHA) in Calabar, South East Nigeria. Methods: A mixed method with cross sectional approach ...Purpose: This study examined the level of burden and the extent of support on family caregivers of people living with AIDS (PLWHA) in Calabar, South East Nigeria. Methods: A mixed method with cross sectional approach was used. Purposive sampling technique guided the recruitment process and data collection methods included, semi-structured questionnaires and focusing group discussion. 260 respondents participated in the study. The quantitative data were mined with the aid of SPSS and the qualitative data were analysed with the aid of NVivo8 using thematic analysis. Results: Results indicated high level of burden with limited support to caregivers. A Chi-square value of 25.1 was obtained at P < 0.05, suggesting a significant relationship between availability of support and caregivers burden. This relationship was supported by the themes of physical, social, emotional and financial burden for the caregivers. Similarly, information on coping skills, emotional support, financial assistance and help with caregiving themes emerged for social support. Conclusion: In Nigeria, the burden of caring for HIV/AIDS patients has a remarkable impact on family caregivers. This calls for the development of policies that can systematically address the needs of family caregivers in order to ameliorate the negative consequences of caregiving for PLWHA.展开更多
目的:探讨护理干预下HIV感染者/AIDS患者向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况是否对其社会支持有影响。方法:对312例HIV感染者/AIDS患者进行护理干预,帮助他们向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况,采用社会支持评定量表(SS...目的:探讨护理干预下HIV感染者/AIDS患者向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况是否对其社会支持有影响。方法:对312例HIV感染者/AIDS患者进行护理干预,帮助他们向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况,采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)测评公开自身感染状况前、公开后第90 d HIV感染者/AIDS患者的社会支持总分及其各维度得分,并采用SPSS 13.0统计软件对相关数据进行统计学分析。结果:HIV感染者/AIDS患者公开自身感染状况后第90 d的社会支持总分及其各维度得分均较公开前高(P<0.05)。结论:对HIV感染者/AIDS患者进行护理干预,帮助向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况,可有效提高来自其信任的家庭成员或朋友的社会支持,可为今后HIV感染者/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性教育和依从性策略的实施提供依据。展开更多
文摘Background: Designing a need-based social protection intervention for children comes as comprehensive tool for addressing the overall quality of life of HIV positive children. Not much has been examined on what constitute the desired social protection framework for HIV positive children. Methods: This study was informed by a qualitative descriptive exploratory design approach. The study drew insights from the shared perspectives of 27 participants sampled from positive HIV status disclosed children—10 - 17 years, healthcare workers, Social and Development worker, HIV positive caregivers and parents from 7 ART clinics in rural and urban Brong Ahafo and Ashanti regions of Ghana. Data was collected through interviews and two focus group discussions with study participants. Drawing on the emerged themes from the transcripts, thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data using comparative thematic framework approach. Findings: The eclectic perspectives on the type of social protection policy/intervention preferred demonstrated the need for an interrelated and integrated social protection policy. This should not be designed in isolation towards addressing the child vulnerability. The study found that social protection policies aimed at addressing vulnerability levels of children should consider the dual vulnerability situation within which HIV positive children and adolescents are located. A set of unique specific tailored approach and package reflecting minimum combination social protection package to HIV positive children was considered essential for inclusion. The themes that emerged covered social policy/intervention package inclusive of a disease ending/eradication intervention package, cash transfer for children and their caregivers, free comprehensive health insurance integrating all consultancy and laboratory services charges, direct food supplements supply and nutritional support, research, target specified with evidenced-based monitoring. Counseling support and preferential treatment for children visiting ART for treatment were to be included. Conclusion: Combination social protection intervention packages remain the pathway to yielding maximum dividends on any social intervention that seeks to address the vulnerability levels of HIV positive children in Ghana. This should be designed taking into consideration the preference of the main target beneficiaries (HIV positive children) while accounting for the inclusion of the technical expertise of implementing stakeholders in the policy design from conceptualization to evaluation.
文摘Purpose: This study examined the level of burden and the extent of support on family caregivers of people living with AIDS (PLWHA) in Calabar, South East Nigeria. Methods: A mixed method with cross sectional approach was used. Purposive sampling technique guided the recruitment process and data collection methods included, semi-structured questionnaires and focusing group discussion. 260 respondents participated in the study. The quantitative data were mined with the aid of SPSS and the qualitative data were analysed with the aid of NVivo8 using thematic analysis. Results: Results indicated high level of burden with limited support to caregivers. A Chi-square value of 25.1 was obtained at P < 0.05, suggesting a significant relationship between availability of support and caregivers burden. This relationship was supported by the themes of physical, social, emotional and financial burden for the caregivers. Similarly, information on coping skills, emotional support, financial assistance and help with caregiving themes emerged for social support. Conclusion: In Nigeria, the burden of caring for HIV/AIDS patients has a remarkable impact on family caregivers. This calls for the development of policies that can systematically address the needs of family caregivers in order to ameliorate the negative consequences of caregiving for PLWHA.
文摘目的了解贵州省两县区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者(简称HIV/AIDS)的心理健康状况和社会支持情况,并探讨其影响因素和二者之间的联系。方法采用现况调查的研究方法,利用90项症状自评量表(90 Symptom Checklist,简称SCL-90)和社会支持评定量表(Social Support scale,SSRS)对两个县区的299例HIV/AIDS进行问卷调查。结果49.8%(149/299)的研究对象为SCL-90筛查阳性,除强迫症状、人际关系敏感因子外,其他各因子均分与SCL-90总分均高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);研究对象的社会支持总分和各维度得分均低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);多元线性回归分析显示:少数民族者的客观支持总分低于汉族,文化程度较高者主观支持得分高于文化程度较低者,年龄较大、诊断时间较长HIV/AIDS支持利用度得分更低;相关分析发现,客观支持与恐怖(r=-0.179,P=0.002)、偏执(r=-0.166,P=0.004)及精神病性(r=-0.149,P=0.010)均存在负相关;支持利用度与人际关系(r=-0.143,P=0.013)、恐怖(r=-0.144,P=0.012)及偏执(r=-0.126,P=0.029)均存在负相关;社会支持总分与恐怖(r=-0.157,P=0.006)、偏执(r=-0.148,P=0.010)及精神病性(r=-0.143,P=0.014)均存在负相关。结论贵州省HIV/AIDS心理问题较为突出,社会支持程度普遍较低,须通过健康促进的方式,一方面提升对其客观支持力度,另一方面提高其主动寻求和利用社会支持的意识。
文摘目的:探讨护理干预下HIV感染者/AIDS患者向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况是否对其社会支持有影响。方法:对312例HIV感染者/AIDS患者进行护理干预,帮助他们向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况,采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)测评公开自身感染状况前、公开后第90 d HIV感染者/AIDS患者的社会支持总分及其各维度得分,并采用SPSS 13.0统计软件对相关数据进行统计学分析。结果:HIV感染者/AIDS患者公开自身感染状况后第90 d的社会支持总分及其各维度得分均较公开前高(P<0.05)。结论:对HIV感染者/AIDS患者进行护理干预,帮助向其信任的家庭成员或朋友公开自身感染状况,可有效提高来自其信任的家庭成员或朋友的社会支持,可为今后HIV感染者/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性教育和依从性策略的实施提供依据。
