Introduction: Chronic hepatitis C- therapy is limited to the combined use of PEG- ylated interferons and ribavirin. Side effects of this therapy include retinal changes that manifest with bleeding, cotton wool spots a...Introduction: Chronic hepatitis C- therapy is limited to the combined use of PEG- ylated interferons and ribavirin. Side effects of this therapy include retinal changes that manifest with bleeding, cotton wool spots and/or thrombosis. Patient: A 51- year- old man presented with a sudden decrease of visual acuity. Chronic hepatitis C was known for the duration of 6 months and treated for 3 months with a combined therapy of PEG- interferon α 2B and ribavirin. A sudden visual loss occurred in the right eye and bilateral visual field defects were detected. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed bilateral papilloedema. After withdrawal of PEG- interferon α 2B and ribavirin, a standard haemodilution therapy was started without functional improvement. After papilloedema regression, a beginning secondary atrophy of the optic nerve was diagnosed bilaterally. Vision did not improve. Conclusion: The ocular side effects of combined hepatitis C therapy with PEGinterferon α 2B and ribavirin range from mild retinal changes to severely impaired vision. Treatment should be carried out in co- operation with an ophthalmologist. With respect to the uncertain effectiveness of hepatitis C therapy with interferon α 2B and ribavirin, therapy should be stopped as soon as severe ophthalmological complications occur.展开更多
In this paper,Si_(3)N_(4) was used as a novel solid-state sintering additive to prepare AION transparent ceramics with high transparency and flexural strength via the pressureless pre-sintering and hot isostatic press...In this paper,Si_(3)N_(4) was used as a novel solid-state sintering additive to prepare AION transparent ceramics with high transparency and flexural strength via the pressureless pre-sintering and hot isostatic pressing(HIP)method at a relatively low HIP temperature(1800℃).The effect of Si_(3)N_(4) content on the phase,microstructure,optical property,and flexural strength was investigated.The experimental results showed that a Si element was homogenously distributed in both pre-sintered and HIPed AION ceramics.The densification enhanced,the grain grew with the increasing Si_(3)N_(4) content in the pre-sintered AION ceramics,and all the samples became pore-free after HIP,which favor transparency.The AION ceramics doped with 0.10 wt%Si_(3)N_(4) had the highest transmittance of 83.8%at 600 nm and 85.6%at 2000 nm(4 mm in thickness),with flexural strength of 404 MPa,which were higher than those of the previous reports.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Chronic hepatitis C- therapy is limited to the combined use of PEG- ylated interferons and ribavirin. Side effects of this therapy include retinal changes that manifest with bleeding, cotton wool spots and/or thrombosis. Patient: A 51- year- old man presented with a sudden decrease of visual acuity. Chronic hepatitis C was known for the duration of 6 months and treated for 3 months with a combined therapy of PEG- interferon α 2B and ribavirin. A sudden visual loss occurred in the right eye and bilateral visual field defects were detected. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed bilateral papilloedema. After withdrawal of PEG- interferon α 2B and ribavirin, a standard haemodilution therapy was started without functional improvement. After papilloedema regression, a beginning secondary atrophy of the optic nerve was diagnosed bilaterally. Vision did not improve. Conclusion: The ocular side effects of combined hepatitis C therapy with PEGinterferon α 2B and ribavirin range from mild retinal changes to severely impaired vision. Treatment should be carried out in co- operation with an ophthalmologist. With respect to the uncertain effectiveness of hepatitis C therapy with interferon α 2B and ribavirin, therapy should be stopped as soon as severe ophthalmological complications occur.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.19ZR1465000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51902330).
文摘In this paper,Si_(3)N_(4) was used as a novel solid-state sintering additive to prepare AION transparent ceramics with high transparency and flexural strength via the pressureless pre-sintering and hot isostatic pressing(HIP)method at a relatively low HIP temperature(1800℃).The effect of Si_(3)N_(4) content on the phase,microstructure,optical property,and flexural strength was investigated.The experimental results showed that a Si element was homogenously distributed in both pre-sintered and HIPed AION ceramics.The densification enhanced,the grain grew with the increasing Si_(3)N_(4) content in the pre-sintered AION ceramics,and all the samples became pore-free after HIP,which favor transparency.The AION ceramics doped with 0.10 wt%Si_(3)N_(4) had the highest transmittance of 83.8%at 600 nm and 85.6%at 2000 nm(4 mm in thickness),with flexural strength of 404 MPa,which were higher than those of the previous reports.
