[Objective] The paper was to explore a method for detecting chlorpyrifos residues in red Fuji apple. [Method] The original spectral data of apple samples sprayed with different volume fractions of chlorpyrifos were co...[Objective] The paper was to explore a method for detecting chlorpyrifos residues in red Fuji apple. [Method] The original spectral data of apple samples sprayed with different volume fractions of chlorpyrifos were collected using near infrared spectrometer at the band of 4 000-10 000 cm^（-1）. The original spectra were pre-treated by a variety of methods, and partial least squares（PLS） model was established for predictive analysis. [Result] Near infrared spectrum showed sensitivity to apple samples sprayed with different volume fractions of chlorpyrifos, but had low precision on pesticide-free samples. Data of blank control group were further eliminated for modeling prediction. The results showed that the results were the best when pre-treated with first derivative（FD）： R=0.987 9; the square error of prediction（SEP） was 0.173 6; the root-mean-square error of cross-validation（RMSECV） was 0.120 5; and the precision was 0.923 4. [Conclusion] Near infrared spectrum can better predict chlorpyrifos residue, providing a new method for detecting chlorpyrifos residues in Akesu red Fuji apple.展开更多
冰川融水是西北干旱区水资源重要组成部分,定量评估其变化对中、下游生态环境保护和工农业经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于国家气象台站日降水和气温资料、数字高程模型(DEM)以及第一次冰川编目数据,利用度日模型模拟了天山南坡...冰川融水是西北干旱区水资源重要组成部分,定量评估其变化对中、下游生态环境保护和工农业经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于国家气象台站日降水和气温资料、数字高程模型(DEM)以及第一次冰川编目数据,利用度日模型模拟了天山南坡阿克苏流域1957—2017年冰川物质平衡及其融水径流变化,分析了融水径流组成及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:1957—2017年流域年平均物质平衡为-94.6 mm w.e.,61年累积物质平衡为-5.8 m w.e.。流域冰川物质平衡线呈显著上升趋势,年均上升速率为1.6 m/a。研究区年均融水径流量为53.1×10^(8)m^(3),融水增加速率为0.24×10^(8)m^(3)/a,融水径流及其组成分量均呈显著增加趋势。在气候暖湿化背景下,流域降水的增加使得冰川区积累量增加,在剧烈的升温作用下,冰川消融加剧,气温对融水径流的作用增大,因此冰川物质平衡亏损产生的水文效应增强。研究结果可提升区域冰川水资源效应变化及其影响的认识。展开更多
基金Supported by Emergency Management Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(61640413)Open Project of South Xinjiang Agricultural Information Research Center of Agricultural Information Institute,CAAS(ZX2015005)Key Laboratory Project of Crop Water Use and Regulation,Ministry of Agriculture(FIRI2018-05-03)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore a method for detecting chlorpyrifos residues in red Fuji apple. [Method] The original spectral data of apple samples sprayed with different volume fractions of chlorpyrifos were collected using near infrared spectrometer at the band of 4 000-10 000 cm^（-1）. The original spectra were pre-treated by a variety of methods, and partial least squares（PLS） model was established for predictive analysis. [Result] Near infrared spectrum showed sensitivity to apple samples sprayed with different volume fractions of chlorpyrifos, but had low precision on pesticide-free samples. Data of blank control group were further eliminated for modeling prediction. The results showed that the results were the best when pre-treated with first derivative（FD）： R=0.987 9; the square error of prediction（SEP） was 0.173 6; the root-mean-square error of cross-validation（RMSECV） was 0.120 5; and the precision was 0.923 4. [Conclusion] Near infrared spectrum can better predict chlorpyrifos residue, providing a new method for detecting chlorpyrifos residues in Akesu red Fuji apple.
文摘冰川融水是西北干旱区水资源重要组成部分,定量评估其变化对中、下游生态环境保护和工农业经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于国家气象台站日降水和气温资料、数字高程模型(DEM)以及第一次冰川编目数据,利用度日模型模拟了天山南坡阿克苏流域1957—2017年冰川物质平衡及其融水径流变化,分析了融水径流组成及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:1957—2017年流域年平均物质平衡为-94.6 mm w.e.,61年累积物质平衡为-5.8 m w.e.。流域冰川物质平衡线呈显著上升趋势,年均上升速率为1.6 m/a。研究区年均融水径流量为53.1×10^(8)m^(3),融水增加速率为0.24×10^(8)m^(3)/a,融水径流及其组成分量均呈显著增加趋势。在气候暖湿化背景下,流域降水的增加使得冰川区积累量增加,在剧烈的升温作用下,冰川消融加剧,气温对融水径流的作用增大,因此冰川物质平衡亏损产生的水文效应增强。研究结果可提升区域冰川水资源效应变化及其影响的认识。
