风险控制需要科学合理地权衡社会资源投入,不能片面追求绝对安全而忽视效率。为此,我们可以借鉴财务管理中的成本收益分析,运用ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)原则来进行运营过程中的风险管理。其要求比较风险控制的额外投入...风险控制需要科学合理地权衡社会资源投入,不能片面追求绝对安全而忽视效率。为此,我们可以借鉴财务管理中的成本收益分析,运用ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)原则来进行运营过程中的风险管理。其要求比较风险控制的额外投入与减少的风险程度,通过边际效用等于边际成本时达到最优风险控制水平。运用ALARP原则有助于避免风险过度控制和控制不足,实现风险管理的效率最大化。展开更多
为校正突发性水污染事件风险评价中因多因素和不确定性带来的风险评价误差,本研究提出基于ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)原则的突发性水污染事件风险评价方法,即以基于ALARP原则的"F-D"图为基础,通过对计算危险源...为校正突发性水污染事件风险评价中因多因素和不确定性带来的风险评价误差,本研究提出基于ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)原则的突发性水污染事件风险评价方法,即以基于ALARP原则的"F-D"图为基础,通过对计算危险源分级指标和分析事故发生概率,确定其在图中所处的区域,从而确定风险性质。并且以此为指导提出相应的风险管理建议。本研究将孟津化肥厂作为案例,成功地应用该方法对其进行了突发性水污染事件的风险评价。本研究成果可为突发性水污染事件的风险评价及风险管理提供较为实用的方法和依据。展开更多
Fiber length is one of the most important quality parameters of cotton fibers.Transcriptomic analyses of developing cotton fibers have identified genes preferentially expressing in fiber elongation stage,but few have ...Fiber length is one of the most important quality parameters of cotton fibers.Transcriptomic analyses of developing cotton fibers have identified genes preferentially expressing in fiber elongation stage,but few have been functionally characterized.Here,on the basis of confirmation of the preferential expression profile of GhAlaRP(Gh_A09G1166 and Gh_D09G1172),an alanine rich protein gene,in the rapid elongating fibers,we investigated the role of GhAlaRP in fiber development by generating transgenic cottons with an increased or decreased expression level of GhAlaRP.Our results showed that the fiber length was consistently significantly shorter in both the GhAlaRP-RNAi lines and the alarp mutant generated by genome editing than in the control YZ-1.GhAlaRP was localized on plasma membrane,nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum.The yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showed that GhAlaRP co-expresses and interacts with GhAnnexin(Gh_D11G2184)and GhEXPA(Gh_A10G2323)that are involved in fiber elongation.Down-regulation of GhAlaRP co-suppressed the expression levels of GhAnnexin and GhEXPA.These results suggest a role of GhAlaRP in regulation of cotton fiber elongation,which could be achieved by regulating the functions of GhAnnexin and GhEXPA.展开更多
文摘风险控制需要科学合理地权衡社会资源投入,不能片面追求绝对安全而忽视效率。为此,我们可以借鉴财务管理中的成本收益分析,运用ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)原则来进行运营过程中的风险管理。其要求比较风险控制的额外投入与减少的风险程度,通过边际效用等于边际成本时达到最优风险控制水平。运用ALARP原则有助于避免风险过度控制和控制不足,实现风险管理的效率最大化。
文摘为校正突发性水污染事件风险评价中因多因素和不确定性带来的风险评价误差,本研究提出基于ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)原则的突发性水污染事件风险评价方法,即以基于ALARP原则的"F-D"图为基础,通过对计算危险源分级指标和分析事故发生概率,确定其在图中所处的区域,从而确定风险性质。并且以此为指导提出相应的风险管理建议。本研究将孟津化肥厂作为案例,成功地应用该方法对其进行了突发性水污染事件的风险评价。本研究成果可为突发性水污染事件的风险评价及风险管理提供较为实用的方法和依据。
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0101900,2017YFD0100200)the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Project of China(2016ZX08005-005).
文摘Fiber length is one of the most important quality parameters of cotton fibers.Transcriptomic analyses of developing cotton fibers have identified genes preferentially expressing in fiber elongation stage,but few have been functionally characterized.Here,on the basis of confirmation of the preferential expression profile of GhAlaRP(Gh_A09G1166 and Gh_D09G1172),an alanine rich protein gene,in the rapid elongating fibers,we investigated the role of GhAlaRP in fiber development by generating transgenic cottons with an increased or decreased expression level of GhAlaRP.Our results showed that the fiber length was consistently significantly shorter in both the GhAlaRP-RNAi lines and the alarp mutant generated by genome editing than in the control YZ-1.GhAlaRP was localized on plasma membrane,nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum.The yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showed that GhAlaRP co-expresses and interacts with GhAnnexin(Gh_D11G2184)and GhEXPA(Gh_A10G2323)that are involved in fiber elongation.Down-regulation of GhAlaRP co-suppressed the expression levels of GhAnnexin and GhEXPA.These results suggest a role of GhAlaRP in regulation of cotton fiber elongation,which could be achieved by regulating the functions of GhAnnexin and GhEXPA.
