Flash floods are recurrent events around the Japan region almost every year. Torrential rain occurred around Kanto and Tohoku area due to typhoon No. 18 in September 2015. Overflowing of the Kinugawa River led to rive...Flash floods are recurrent events around the Japan region almost every year. Torrential rain occurred around Kanto and Tohoku area due to typhoon No. 18 in September 2015. Overflowing of the Kinugawa River led to river bank collapse. Thus, the flood extended into Joso City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 was the fastest satellite to record this flood disaster area. A quick method to extract the flood inundation area by utilizing the ALOS-2/ PALSAR-2 image as a rapid response to the flood disaster is required. This study evaluated three methods to extract the flood immediately after the flood occurring. This study compared the extraction approaches of flooded area by unsupervised classification, supervised classification and binary/threshold of backscattering value of flood. The results show that unsupervised classification and supervised classification are overestimated. This study recommends the binarization of the backscattering value to extract the extended flood area. This method is a straight forward approach and generates a similar distribution with the field survey by using the aerial photo with high accuracy (94% of kappa coefficient). We utilized slope map which derived from DEM data to eliminate the overestimated area due to shadowing effect in SAR images.展开更多
This research has used the L-band radar from ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 and field work data for evaluation of seasonal effects of backscattering intensity on retrieval forest biomass in the tropics. The effects of seasonality an...This research has used the L-band radar from ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 and field work data for evaluation of seasonal effects of backscattering intensity on retrieval forest biomass in the tropics. The effects of seasonality and HH, and HV polarizations of the SAR data on the biomass were analyzed. The dry season HV polarization could explain 61% of the biomass in this study region. The dry season HV backscattering intensity was highly sensitive to the biomass compared to the rainy season backscattering intensity. The SAR data acquired in the rainy season with humid and wet canopies were not very sensitive to the in situ biomass. Strong dependence of the biomass estimates with season of SAR data acquisition confirmed that the choice of right season SAR data is very important for improving the satellite based estimates of the biomass. This research expects that the results obtained in this research will contribute to monitoring of the quantity and quality of forest biomass in Vietnam and other tropical countries.展开更多
The potential of ALOS-2 SAR data for the estimation of tropical forest structural characteristics was assessed in Vietnam by collecting forest inventory data. The effect of polarization and seasonality of the SAR data...The potential of ALOS-2 SAR data for the estimation of tropical forest structural characteristics was assessed in Vietnam by collecting forest inventory data. The effect of polarization and seasonality of the SAR data on the estimation of forest biomass was analyzed. The combination of HH, HV, and HH/HV polarizations using multiple linear regression did not improve the estimation of biomass compared to using the HV channel independently, as the HH and HH/HV variables were not statistically significant. The dry season HV backscattering intensity was highly sensitive to the biomass compared to the rainy season backscattering intensity. The SAR data acquired in the rainy season with humid and wet canopies was not very sensitive to the biomass. The strong dependence of the biomass estimates with the season of SAR data acquisition confirmed that the choice of right season SAR data is very important for improving the satellite based estimates of the biomass. The validation results showed that the dry season HV polarization could explain 54% variation of the biomass.展开更多
ABSTRACT Conducting long measurements of infrastructure deformation is a critical engineering task.Conventional methods are both timeconsuming and expensive,limiting their use for large-scale applica-tions.The synergy...ABSTRACT Conducting long measurements of infrastructure deformation is a critical engineering task.Conventional methods are both timeconsuming and expensive,limiting their use for large-scale applica-tions.The synergy of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)and geographic information systems(GIS)offers a complementary approach.This study focuses on the feasibility of using time series analysis of L-band PALSAR-2 images to discover land displacements in Istanbul and Kocaeli,significant industrial and residential areas in Turkey.PALSAR-2 phase and intensity information were analyzed.For phase analysis,14 L-band images from 2014 to 2021 were taken into account.Small baseline subset(SBAS)analysis was performed using 44 pairs,and results of the velocity,coherence and back-scattering values are presented.Coherence of all pairs and their correlations were calculated.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)reduced the dimension of coherence pairs,enhancing feature extraction and the final geocoded velocity map revealed a fastest subsidence rate of−58 mm/yr and a mean subsidence of−20 mm/yr.These findings were confirmed through mean vertical velocity from Sentinel-1 datasets and field observations.The results showed that immature land subsidence in the mentioned areas are growing slowly,which can be taken as a serious risk in future.展开更多
Conventional synthetic aperture radar(SAR)interferometry(InSAR)has been successfully used to precisely measure surface deformation in the line-of-sight(LOS)direction,while multiple-aperture SAR interferometry(MAI)has ...Conventional synthetic aperture radar(SAR)interferometry(InSAR)has been successfully used to precisely measure surface deformation in the line-of-sight(LOS)direction,while multiple-aperture SAR interferometry(MAI)has provided precise surface deformation in the along-track(AT)direction.Integration of the InSAR and MAI methods enables precise measurement of the two-dimensional(2D)deformation from an interferometric pair;recently,the integration of ascending and descending pairs has allowed the observation of precise three-dimensional(3D)deformation.Precise 3D deformation measurement has been applied to better understand geological events such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.The surface deformation related to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake was large and complex near the fault line;hence,precise 3D deformation retrieval had not yet been attempted.The objectives of this study were to①perform a feasibility test of precise 3D deformation retrieval in large and complex deformation areas through the integration of offset-based unwrapped and improved multiple-aperture SAR interferograms and②observe the 3D deformation field related to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake,even near the fault lines.Two ascending pairs and one descending the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2(ALOS-2)Phased Array-type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2(PALSAR-2)pair were used for the 3D deformation retrieval.Eleven in situ Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements were used to validate the 3D deformation measurement accuracy.The achieved accuracy was approximately 2.96,3.75,and 2.86 cm in the east,north,and up directions,respectively.The results show the feasibility of precise 3D deformation measured through the integration of the improved methods,even in a case of large and complex deformation.展开更多
文摘Flash floods are recurrent events around the Japan region almost every year. Torrential rain occurred around Kanto and Tohoku area due to typhoon No. 18 in September 2015. Overflowing of the Kinugawa River led to river bank collapse. Thus, the flood extended into Joso City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 was the fastest satellite to record this flood disaster area. A quick method to extract the flood inundation area by utilizing the ALOS-2/ PALSAR-2 image as a rapid response to the flood disaster is required. This study evaluated three methods to extract the flood immediately after the flood occurring. This study compared the extraction approaches of flooded area by unsupervised classification, supervised classification and binary/threshold of backscattering value of flood. The results show that unsupervised classification and supervised classification are overestimated. This study recommends the binarization of the backscattering value to extract the extended flood area. This method is a straight forward approach and generates a similar distribution with the field survey by using the aerial photo with high accuracy (94% of kappa coefficient). We utilized slope map which derived from DEM data to eliminate the overestimated area due to shadowing effect in SAR images.
文摘This research has used the L-band radar from ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 and field work data for evaluation of seasonal effects of backscattering intensity on retrieval forest biomass in the tropics. The effects of seasonality and HH, and HV polarizations of the SAR data on the biomass were analyzed. The dry season HV polarization could explain 61% of the biomass in this study region. The dry season HV backscattering intensity was highly sensitive to the biomass compared to the rainy season backscattering intensity. The SAR data acquired in the rainy season with humid and wet canopies were not very sensitive to the in situ biomass. Strong dependence of the biomass estimates with season of SAR data acquisition confirmed that the choice of right season SAR data is very important for improving the satellite based estimates of the biomass. This research expects that the results obtained in this research will contribute to monitoring of the quantity and quality of forest biomass in Vietnam and other tropical countries.
基金国家自然科学基金项目“青藏高原露天煤矿排土场地形-土壤-植被响应机理及地貌重塑研究”(编号:41977415)中国地质调查局项目“全球冰川及荒漠化遥感地质调查”(编号:DD20190515)+1 种基金中欧科技合作“龙计划”五期项目“Integration of multi-source Remote Sensing Data to detect and monitoring large and rapid landslides and use of Artificial Intelligence for Cultural Heritage preservation”(编号:56796)JAXA EO-RA2项目“Application of Radar Remote Sensing Technology in Resource Environment Monitoring”(编号:P3073002)共同资助。
文摘The potential of ALOS-2 SAR data for the estimation of tropical forest structural characteristics was assessed in Vietnam by collecting forest inventory data. The effect of polarization and seasonality of the SAR data on the estimation of forest biomass was analyzed. The combination of HH, HV, and HH/HV polarizations using multiple linear regression did not improve the estimation of biomass compared to using the HV channel independently, as the HH and HH/HV variables were not statistically significant. The dry season HV backscattering intensity was highly sensitive to the biomass compared to the rainy season backscattering intensity. The SAR data acquired in the rainy season with humid and wet canopies was not very sensitive to the biomass. The strong dependence of the biomass estimates with the season of SAR data acquisition confirmed that the choice of right season SAR data is very important for improving the satellite based estimates of the biomass. The validation results showed that the dry season HV polarization could explain 54% variation of the biomass.
基金funded by the TUBITAK#2221 project and the University of Tabriz,and the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(KAKENHI)grant number#23H01654。
文摘ABSTRACT Conducting long measurements of infrastructure deformation is a critical engineering task.Conventional methods are both timeconsuming and expensive,limiting their use for large-scale applica-tions.The synergy of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)and geographic information systems(GIS)offers a complementary approach.This study focuses on the feasibility of using time series analysis of L-band PALSAR-2 images to discover land displacements in Istanbul and Kocaeli,significant industrial and residential areas in Turkey.PALSAR-2 phase and intensity information were analyzed.For phase analysis,14 L-band images from 2014 to 2021 were taken into account.Small baseline subset(SBAS)analysis was performed using 44 pairs,and results of the velocity,coherence and back-scattering values are presented.Coherence of all pairs and their correlations were calculated.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)reduced the dimension of coherence pairs,enhancing feature extraction and the final geocoded velocity map revealed a fastest subsidence rate of−58 mm/yr and a mean subsidence of−20 mm/yr.These findings were confirmed through mean vertical velocity from Sentinel-1 datasets and field observations.The results showed that immature land subsidence in the mentioned areas are growing slowly,which can be taken as a serious risk in future.
基金This study was funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program(KMI2017-9060)the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korea government(NRF-2018M1A3A3A02066008)+1 种基金In addition,the ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 data used in this study are owned by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)and were provided through the JAXA’s ALOS-2 research program(RA4,PI No.1412)The GPS data were provided by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan.
文摘Conventional synthetic aperture radar(SAR)interferometry(InSAR)has been successfully used to precisely measure surface deformation in the line-of-sight(LOS)direction,while multiple-aperture SAR interferometry(MAI)has provided precise surface deformation in the along-track(AT)direction.Integration of the InSAR and MAI methods enables precise measurement of the two-dimensional(2D)deformation from an interferometric pair;recently,the integration of ascending and descending pairs has allowed the observation of precise three-dimensional(3D)deformation.Precise 3D deformation measurement has been applied to better understand geological events such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.The surface deformation related to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake was large and complex near the fault line;hence,precise 3D deformation retrieval had not yet been attempted.The objectives of this study were to①perform a feasibility test of precise 3D deformation retrieval in large and complex deformation areas through the integration of offset-based unwrapped and improved multiple-aperture SAR interferograms and②observe the 3D deformation field related to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake,even near the fault lines.Two ascending pairs and one descending the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2(ALOS-2)Phased Array-type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2(PALSAR-2)pair were used for the 3D deformation retrieval.Eleven in situ Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements were used to validate the 3D deformation measurement accuracy.The achieved accuracy was approximately 2.96,3.75,and 2.86 cm in the east,north,and up directions,respectively.The results show the feasibility of precise 3D deformation measured through the integration of the improved methods,even in a case of large and complex deformation.
