Effect of Alpinia officinarum Hance alcohol extracts on primary dysmenorrheal

Objective:To study the effect of Alpinia officinarum Hance(A.officinarum) 80% alcohol extract on the primary dysmenorrhea.Methods:A.officinarum 80% alcohol extract were enriched by macroporous adsorption resins.Female mice of primary dysmenorrhea model were established by oxytocin induction; the effects of A.officinarum 80% alcohol extract on primary dysmenorrhea were observed by body twist method; and the homogenate level of prostaglandin F_(2α)(PGF_(2α)),prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) and Ca^(2+) in the uterus were observed in oxytocin-induced female mice.Results:The writhing frequency of primary dysmenorrhea mice was significantly decreased after treatment of A.officinarum 80% alcohol extract and the level of PGF_(2α),PGE_2 and Ca^(2+) in mice uterus was significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01) in groups of mice treated with middle and high dosage of A.officinarum 80% alcohol extract compared with that of model group.Conclusions:These findings suggest that A.Officinarum 80% alcohol extract can significantly relieve primary dysmenorrhea.

A novel diarylheptanoid bearing flavonol moiety from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance

A novel diarylheptanoid bearing flavonol moiety,named officinin A(1),along with two known compounds galangin and kaempferide were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpina officinarum Hance.The structure elucidation was accomplished by HRESI -MS,1D and 2D NMR methods.

Anti-inflammatory activity of Alpinia officinarum hance on rat colon inflammation and tissue damage in DSS induced acute and chronic colitis models

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible prophylactic effects of Alpinia officinarum hance on experimentally induced acute and chronic colitis models,in-vivo and in-vitro.Acute and chronic colitis were induced in Male Wistar rats by administration of Dextran Sulfate Sodium(DSS)in drinking water.DSS induction exhibited colon shrinkage,increased the Disease Activity Index(DAI)score,increased the levels of inflammatory markers and caused severe anemia.DSS induced animals,co-treated with the hexane extract of Alpinia officinarum(HEAO)(200 mg/kg body wt),effectively suppressed colonic injury that was evidenced by the reduced DAI score,colon weight/length ratio,histological damage,proinflammatory markers and MPO activity.Further,it restored the colonic antioxidants near to normal levels by regulating the oxidative stress via attenuation of lipid peroxidation.Our results revealed that the degree of colitis caused by the administration of DSS was significantly attenuated by HEAO.In addition,the in-vitro study showed that HEAO treatment inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells and down regulated the mRNA expression of NF-B and COX-2.Taken together,these results suggest that HEAO is a promising anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that support its possible therapeutic role in the treatment of colitis.

Alpinia officinarum Hance extract alleviates particulate matter-induced lung injury in mice

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Alpinia officinarum Hance(A. officinarum) extract on lung injury caused by particulate matter(PM). Methods: The Kunming mice were intranasally instilled with PM and treated with A. officinarum extract for 3 weeks. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, blood and lung samples were collected for biochemical, serological and histopathological studies. Results: Serological analysis showed that albumin levels, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly reduced after administrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of A. officinarum extracts to the PM injured mice. Markers of oxidative stress, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde levels and nitric oxide synthase activities, were significantly decreased. Correspondingly, total superoxide dismutase activity was improved dramatically. The expressions of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were also down-regulated obviously. In addition, pathological sections of lung tissue showed that A. officinarum could reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells, pulmonary edema and pulmonary fibrosis. These results showed that A. officinarum extract could alleviate PMinduced lung injury via reducing the permeability of cell membranes in lung tissue, eliminating oxidative stress and relieving inflammatory response.Conclusions: A. officinarum extract was an efficient treatment for PM-induced lung injury in mice, and it may be a promising therapeutic agent in future.

Herb-drug interaction in the protective effect of Alpinia officinarum against gastric injury induced by indomethacin based on pharmacokinetic, tissue distribution and excretion studies in rats

Alpinia officinarum Hance of the Chinese traditional herb for the treatment of emesis, abdominal pain and diarrhea has been used to counteract gastric disease induced by indomethacin in rats without obvious side effects. However, the role of herb-drug interaction between indomethacin and A. officinarum based on pharmacokinetic, tissue distribution and excretion still remains unknown. In this study, an ultra-fast liquid-tandem mass spectrometry(UFLC-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination of indomethacin and its three metabolites, O-desmethylindomethacin(ODI), deschlorobenzoylindomethacin(NDI) and indomethacin acyl-b-D-glucuronide(IDAbG) by oral administration of indomethacin solution with and without the ethanolic extract of A. officinarum and applied to comparative pharmacokinetic, tissue distribution and excretion studies. Our results clarified that oral administration of A. officinarum produced significant alterations in the pharmacokinetic parameters of indomethacin. And the pharmacokinetic interaction between indomethacin and A. officinarum reduced the systemic exposure of indomethacin and increased its elimination. Tissue distribution results demonstrated that co-administration of A. Officinarum could not reduce the accumulation of indomethacin in the target tissue of the stomach, but could accelerate the excretions of indomethacin and its three metabolites including ODI, NDI and IDAb G in the bile and feces of rats in the excretion study.Therefore, A. Officinarum might have a gastrointestinal protective effect through the interaction role with indomethacin based on the pharmacokinetics and excretion in rats.

The effect of characteristic Li-medicine Alpinia officinarum Hance on improving insulin resistance

Objective:To study the effects of characteristic Li-medicine Alpinia officinarum Hance on improving insulin resistance(IR),and provide scientific evidence for the adjuvant treatment T2DM.Methods:CCK8 kit was used to detect the viability of HepG2 cells with 0-200μg/mL Alpinia officinarum Hance extract(AOE)and 0-100μmol/L galangin,and determine the administration concentration.The IR model was established by inducing HepG2 cells with high glucose for 48 hours,and rosiglitazone(ROSI)was used as the positive control drug.Furthermore,we detected intracellular and extracellular glucose contents in IR-HepG2 cells after dosing AOE and galangin by flow cytometry and glucose detection kit,and evaluated the effect of regulating glucose metabolism and IR.Western blot was used to detect the effects of AOE and galangin on the expression of glucose transporter-4(GLUT4)in IR-HepG2 cells.Results:CCK8 kit test result showed that 0-200μg/mL AOE and 0-50μmol/L galangin had no significant effect on HepG2 cell viability.The results of flow cytometry and glucose detection kit showed that the glucose uptake and consumption of the IR model group induced by high glucose was significantly lower than that of the blank group,and thus the IR model was successfully established.Both 50μg/mL AOE and 10,20μmol/L galangin significantly increased the glucose uptake and consumption of IR-HepG2 cells(P<0.05);Western blot experiment showed that AOE and galangin significantly increased GLUT4 level of IR-HepG2 cells(P<0.01).Conclusion:Alpinia officinarum Hance could promote the uptake and consumption of glucose in IR-HepG2 cells by up-regulating the expression of GLUT4 protein,thereby improving IR and enhancing insulin sensitivity.

Chemical Composition, Proapoptotic and Antiosteoporosis Activities of the Essential Oil from the Aerial Part of <i>Alpinia officinarum</i>Hance

Background: Alpinia officinarum Hance is valued as an edible medicinal plant. The rhizome is widely reported to have anticancer activity whereas little information is available on the aerial part. This study investigates chemical composition, proapoptotic and anti-osteoporosis activities of essential oil from aerial parts of A. officinarum (APEO). Methods: In this study, APEO was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC-MS. The inhibitive activity of 0 - 2.5 μL/mL. APEO was investigated using MTT assay, while in vivo effect was evaluated in nude mice. The cell cycle, apoptosis, Δψm and expression of proteins analyses influenced by 0 - 0.313 μL/mL APEO were detected by PI, Annexin V/PI, JC-1, and Western blot, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodules formation of rat osteoblasts with 0 - 0.156 μL/mL APEO were assayed using colorimetric method and alizarin red staining, respectively. Results: Total 45 constituents were identified accounting for 91.1% of APEO (sesquiterpene hydrocarbons for 44.4%). APEO significantly inhibited cancer cells growth in a dose-dependent manner. APEO also inhibited cancer growth in vivo. The percentage of S phase cells is up to 64.846% with 0.313 μL/mL APEO. The proportion of total apoptotic cells significantly increased to 79.6% at 0.313 μL/mL concentration. APEO treated cells accompanied with Bcl-2 and Δψm decrease, and caspase-3 and p53 upregulation. Furthermore, addition of APEO in rat osteoblasts led to a dose-dependent increase in ALP activity and formation of mineralized bone nodules. Conclusions: Our data suggest that APEO could be developed as an agent against human lung cancer and osteoporosis, especially cancer-induced bone loss.

The Effective Activation of Apoptosis by AO-95 from the Aerial Part of Alpiniae officinarum in A549 Cell Line

The study was designed to examine the apoptosis inducing activity of the AO-95 from the aerial part ofAlpiniae officinarum. The AO-95 treatment to three human lung cancer cell lines （A549, NCI-H460 and NCI-H23） resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth. The authors selected A549 cell line as a test model system. The AO-95 induced apoptosis ofA549 obviously, as shown by the results of cell cycle distribution analysis and cell apoptosis assay. Treatment of A549 with AO-95 markedly decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential （△ψm） suggesting AO-95-induced apoptosis may involve a mitochondrial-related pathway. Two compounds were isolated from AO-95 and their structures were identified as 3-phenylpropanal and 4-phenylbutan-2-one. Meanwhile, ten different components accounting for 98.38% of the total A0-95 composition were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major components were 3-phenylpropanal （33.09%） and 4-phenylbutan-2-one （51.16%）. And these two compounds showed notable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 14.90-78.46 μg/mL. In summary, the AO-95, dominated by phenylpropanoid constituents, shows effective apoptosis inducing activity by mitochondrial-related pathway and may be developed as an agent against human lung cancer.

Study on mechanism of two related Chinese herbs A.officinarum-Pogostemon in treatment of delayed emptying in diabetic gastroparesis based on network pharmacology

Objective:To explore the potential active components,therapeutic targets and critical path of Alpinia officinarum and Pogostemonis Herba in the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis(DGP)by using network pharmacology.Methods:The main chemical components and corresponding targets genes of A.officinarum-Pogostemonis Herba were screened through TCMSP database retrieval[oral bioavailability(OB)≥30%and drug like(DL)≥0.18].Tgenes of diabetic gastroparesis were screened by the Human Gene Database(GeneCards),and Venny 2.1 software was used to obtained common targets for the active ingredients of A.officinarum-Pogostemonis Herba and DGP.Then,the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of the common targets was constructed by STRING database and analyzed to performed the core targets.GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the common target genes were obtained by using ClusterProfiler R package.Finally,the network diagram of"active ingredient-pathway-target"was used to establish by Cytoscape 3.8 software.Results:Totally 23 ingredients of A.officinarum-Pogostemonis Herba,97 active ingredients targets and 533 DGP related targets,including 46 common targets were selected.The common targets were mainly enriched in the cell constituents such as the nuclear chromatin and mitochondria outer membrane,involved in the biological processes as oxidative stress,apoptosis signal regulation,and molecular functions as enzyme binding,protein phosphatase binding,and cytokine activity.They were also concentrated in the signal pathways such as PI3K/Akt,HIF-1 and MAPK.The network of“active ingredients-targets-pathways”indicated the active components such as quercetin,kaempferol and galangin in A.officinarum-Pogostemonis Herba played an anti-delayed gastric emptying in diabetic gastroparesis by acting on PTGS2,NOS2,BCL2,IL6,VEGFA and other targets to jointly regulate PI3K-Akt,HIF-1 and MAPK pathways.Conclusion:This study initially reveals that the combined treatment of A.officinarum-Pogostemonis Herba for delayed gastric emptying in diabetic gastroparesis is a complex process with multi-components,multi-targets and multi-pathways,and provides a new idea for followup researches.

基于Keap1/Nrf2/ARE信号通路探讨高良姜总黄酮对铅诱导HK-2细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨高良姜总黄酮对铅(Pb)诱导人肾皮质近曲小管上皮细胞(HK-2)细胞损伤的保护作用。方法 体外培养HK-2细胞,MTT法检测不同质量浓度高良姜总黄酮和Pb对HK-2细胞活力的影响。设置对照组、高良姜总黄酮对照组、模型组和高良姜总黄酮组,除对照组和高良姜总黄酮对照组外各组均给予200μmol/L Pb诱导细胞损伤,同时高良姜总黄酮对照组和高良姜总黄酮组给予100μg/mL高良姜总黄酮干预24 h。通过Hoechst 33258荧光染色法联合annexin V-FITC/PI双标记流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,荧光显微镜法观察Pb诱导及高良姜总黄酮干预对细胞内ROS水平的影响,试剂盒法检测细胞内氧化应激指标ROS、MDA、GSH水平和GSH-Px、CAT、SOD活性,ELISA法检测细胞培养上清液IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,Western bolt法检测细胞Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路相关蛋白及caspase-3蛋白表达。结果 与对照组比较,高良姜总黄酮(12.5~200μg/mL)对HK-2细胞活力没有显著影响。与模型组比较,高良姜总黄酮可减少Pb诱导HK-2细胞的凋亡(P<0.05),减轻细胞皱缩等细胞凋亡形态学变化,上调细胞内SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性及GSH水平(P<0.05),降低细胞内MDA、ROS水平(P<0.05),上调Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路相关蛋白及caspase-3蛋白表达(P<0.05)。结论 高良姜总黄酮可能通过调控Keap1/Nrf2/ARE信号通路相关蛋白表达,对Pb诱导HK-2细胞损伤起保护作用。

高良姜-广藿香配伍溶液的质量标准研究

目的:建立高良姜-广藿香配伍溶液的质量标准。方法:针对高良姜-广藿香配伍溶液,高良姜素、广藿香酮2种指标性成分的薄层鉴别方法分别为:薄层板为硅胶G薄层板和高效硅胶G薄层板,展开剂为石油醚-乙酸乙酯(5∶3)、(5∶1);高良姜素、广藿香酮2种指标性成分高效液相色谱含量检测方法为:色谱柱为C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)、流动相为甲醇(A)-0.2%磷酸(B)、检测波长:310 nm、梯度洗脱。结果:对于高良姜-广藿香配伍溶液中高良姜素、广藿香酮2种指标性成分,薄层鉴别主斑点清晰、阴性对照无干扰;2种指标性成分的浓度在10.00~1000.00μg/mL、10.00~640.00μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系系数分别为R^(2)=0.9990、R^(2)=0.9999;精密度RSD分别为0.63%、0.56%,稳定性RSD分别为1.82%、0.24%,重复性RSD分别为1.30%、0.89%;平均回收率分别为103.19%、100.87%(RSD为别为0.93%、0.4%,n=9);该2种指标性成分的含量应分别不低于233.71μg/mL、61.48μg/mL。结论:建立的方法可用于高良姜-广藿香配伍溶液的质量控制,该方法精密度、准确度、稳定性及重复性均符合要求。

响应面法优化3味山姜属中药挥发油提取工艺及总抗氧化能力研究

目的优化高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻3味山姜属中药的挥发油提取工艺,并研究其体外抗氧化能力。方法基于单因素实验结果,以3味山姜属中药挥发油得率为指标,料液比、浸泡时间、提取时间为考察因素,水蒸气蒸馏法为提取方法,采用Box-Behnken响应面法确定3味山姜属中药挥发油的最优提取条件;采用FRAP法与ABTS自由基清除法对3味山姜属中药挥发油进行体外总抗氧化能力测定。结果高良姜挥发油最优提取工艺为料液比1∶10.4,浸泡时间31 min,提取时间6.2 h;大高良姜挥发油最优提取工艺为料液比1∶12.4,浸泡时间84 min,提取时间7.3 h;红豆蔻挥发油最优提取工艺为料液比1∶12.3,浸泡时间90 min,提取时间6.5 h。相同浓度下,3味山姜属中药挥发油Fe3+还原能力排序为红豆蔻>大高良姜≈高良姜,Trolox当量总抗氧化能力排序为红豆蔻≈大高良姜>高良姜。结论Box-Behnken响应面法操作简便,优化结果直观,预测准确;所得3味山姜属中药挥发油提取最优工艺方案稳定性高,重复性好;3味山姜属中药挥发油具有较好的体外抗氧化活性。

草蔻提取液对鸭肉质构特性及金合欢醇对肌原纤维蛋白结构的影响

为明确草蔻提取液对鸭肉质构的影响机制,分析草蔻提取液主效成分金合欢醇对肌原纤维蛋白(Myofibrillar Protein,MP)结构的影响,测定了不同处理组鸭肉弹性和硬度,采用电子鼻技术检测了不同处理组鸭肉的风味差异,分析了金合欢醇对MP结构的影响,包括羰基含量、表面疏水性、巯基含量以及二酪氨酸荧光强度的变化。结果表明:与固体草蔻相比,草蔻提取液能使鸭肉硬度显著降低54.61%(P<0.05),且草蔻提取液组鸭肉风味与固体草蔻组相比无明显区别。金合欢醇能显著降低MP羰基含量73.16%(P<0.05),显著降低表面疏水性30.35%(P<0.05),显著增加巯基含量84.24%(P<0.05)。此外,添加金合欢醇的MP二酪氨酸荧光强度降低了17.37%。综上所述:草蔻提取液能显著降低提高鸭肉硬度,主要原因是金合欢醇能与MP相互作用稳定其结构,并发挥一定的抗氧化作用。本研究可为草蔻提取液在标准化卤制的应用中提供理论依据。

基于“敲除策略”筛选高良姜乙酸乙酯部位抗幽门螺杆菌胃炎活性成分

目的筛选高良姜乙酸乙酯部位抗幽门螺杆菌胃炎活性成分。方法联合“敲除策略”与高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测对高良姜乙酸乙酯部位的组分(成分)进行分离,同时得到不含该组分(成分)的阴性样品;构建幽门螺杆菌感染人胃黏膜上皮细胞(GES-1)胃炎模型,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测细胞上清液中白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-8和IL-1β水平。结果总黄酮组分、不含二苯基庚烷的阴性组分、不含5-羟基-7-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基)苯基-1-苯基-3-庚酮(DHPA)的阴性组分以及高良姜素(给药浓度8μg·mL^(-1)作用24 h),均能够显著降低幽门螺杆菌胃炎细胞上清液中IL-6水平;总黄酮组分浓度为16μg·mL^(-1)时可显著抑制幽门螺杆菌感染GES-1胃炎细胞IL-6、TNF-α、IL-8和IL-1β的释放。结论总黄酮组分是高良姜乙酸乙酯部位抗幽门螺杆菌胃炎的主要活性组分,该研究结果为进一步阐释高良姜抗幽门螺杆菌胃炎药效物质基础奠定了基础。

基于HPLC指纹图谱和网络药理学的高良姜质量标志物预测分析

目的:将指纹图谱与网络药理学相结合预测分析高良姜的质量标志物(Q-Marker)。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对高良姜进行成分分析,对20批高良姜提取物成分进行相似度评价、聚类分析和主成分分析,筛选高良姜提取物中Q-Marker候选成分;对筛选的Q-Marker候选成分进行靶点收集和网络药理学分析,构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络,并预测高良姜提取物的Q-Marker。结果:20批高良姜指纹图谱相似度集中在0.952~1.000范围,提示不同产地和批次的高良姜提取物整体组成上具有一致性;聚类分析和主成分分析显示海南的高良姜样品聚类趋势比较一致,云南、广东和广西的高良姜未按产地归类,不同产地的高良姜在成分上存在着差异,说明产地只是高良姜质量的影响因素之一。根据HPLC共有成分以及聚类分析和主要成分分析,得到2个Q-Marker候选成分,分别为高良姜素和槲皮素。经网络药理学分析筛选6个关键活性成分,6个关键要点和21条通路。结论:本研究初步预测槲皮素、山奈酚和高良姜素为高良姜的Q-Marker,为高良姜的质量控制予与参考,同时也为高良姜功效关联物质的研究及作用机制的阐释奠定了基础。

高良姜多糖的提取及其活性研究

采用水提醇沉和单因素实验获得较优的高良姜多糖提取方法。以对DPPH·自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除率为指标,评价高良姜多糖的抗氧化能力,同时研究其对酪氨酸酶抑制以及抗菌活性,探讨其在护肤品领域的潜在应用。获得高良姜多糖较优的提取方法为:提取温度为70℃、提取时间为40 min、料液比为1∶40(g/mL),此时多糖得率为11.62%,含量为20.0%。同时,研究发现高良姜多糖对DPPH·自由基和超氧阴离子自由基具有较强的清除率,均表现出质量浓度依赖性;研究发现高良姜多糖对酪氨酸酶具有较强的抑制活性,IC50值为2.69 mg/mL;此外,研究发现高良姜多糖对白色念珠菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有较强的抑制作用。结果表明,高良姜多糖在护肤品方面具有较好的应用前景。

高良姜茎叶总黄酮超声提取工艺优化及生物活性研究

高良姜茎叶总黄酮是高良姜茎和叶子中所含的一类天然化合物,具有多种生物活性和药理作用。该研究通过单因素试验和正交试验优化了高良姜茎叶总黄酮微波提取工艺,研究结果表明,高良姜茎叶总黄酮提取的最佳加工工艺为超声时间40 min、超声功率750 W、乙醇体积分数60%、料液比1∶40和提取温度50℃,此时高良姜茎叶总黄酮提取量为107.23 mg/g;另外,对提纯前后的高良姜茎叶总黄酮还原能力和降血糖能力进行了测定,研究结果表明,高良姜茎叶总黄酮具有一定程度的还原能力和降血糖功效,且纯化后的高良姜茎叶总黄酮还原能力和降血糖功效明显强于纯化前。

高良姜—香附药对抗胃溃疡及镇痛作用的研究

目的:研究高良姜-香附药对抗胃溃疡和镇痛的作用,探究高良姜-香附合用是否能增强单用高良姜、香附的抗胃溃疡作用及镇痛作用。方法:将48只KM小鼠按随机数字表法分为正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性药(奥美拉唑,0.2 g·kg^(-1))组、高良姜组(0.8 g·kg^(-1))、香附组(0.8 g·kg^(-1)),良附组(高良姜-香附药对,0.8 g·kg^(-1)),共6组,每组8只。连续给药7 d后以10 mL·kg^(-1)剂量灌胃给予无水乙醇造模,测定小鼠的胃液pH值、胃溃疡指数、溃疡抑制率、IL-6和IL-1β含量,HE染色观察小鼠的胃黏膜病理组织形态。另选取50只KM小鼠进行热板法致痛试验,按随机数字表法分为5组,分别为正常对照组、阿司匹林组(0.2 g·kg^(-1))、高良姜组(0.8 g·kg^(-1))、香附组(0.8 g·kg^(-1))、良附组(0.8 g·kg^(-1)),观察并记录小鼠舔后足或跳跃反应的潜伏期。结果:与模型对照组比较,除奥美拉唑组外,良附组胃液pH值升高更为显著(P<0.01),与奥美拉唑组接近;与模型对照组相比,除奥美拉唑组外,良附组溃疡指数下降最为显著(P<0.01),各给药组溃疡抑制率从高到低排序为:奥美拉唑组>良附组>高良姜组>香附组;正常对照组小鼠胃黏膜结构完整,腺体排列均匀,未见毛细血管扩张充血和炎性细胞浸润;模型对照组胃黏膜破损,出现明显的炎性细胞浸润,与模型对照组相比,奥美拉唑组、高良姜组、香附组及良附组腺体排列较为整齐,胃黏膜结构的破坏、炎性细胞浸润等现象均有不同程度的改善,良附组较高良姜组、香附组改善程度更为明显;与模型对照组相比,除奥美拉唑组外,良附组IL-6、IL-1β含量下降最为显著(P<0.01);与正常对照组比较,良附组和阿司匹林组痛阈值均明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:高良姜-香附合用具有良好的抗胃溃疡及镇痛作用,与单用高良姜、香附相比存在相应的增强作用。

基于网络药理学探讨“高良姜-广藿香”药防治糖尿病胃轻瘫胃排空的作用机制

目的:采用网络药理学预测“高良姜-广藿香”药在糖尿病胃轻瘫(Diabetic Gastroparesis),DGP治疗中的潜在药效化合物、关键靶点及相关机制途径。方法:利用TCMSP等数据库整理“高良姜-广藿香”的主要药效成分及对应的靶点;通过GeneCards疾病靶点平台筛选DGP相应靶点后,将“高良姜-广藿香”药与DGP的各自对应靶基因导入Venny 2.1.0分析平台筛选共同靶点;利用STRING数据库查找共同靶基因间蛋白相互作用信息,并绘制相互作用(PPI)网络图。采用R语言ClusterProfiler软件对“高良姜-广藿香”与DGP的共同靶基因进行基因富集分析及相关机制通路预测。结果:经筛选获得药物活性成分23个,相关的靶点97个,与DGP相关的靶点映射后得到共同靶点46个,包括ESR1,EGFR和IL6等。共同靶点主要富集在氧化应激、凋亡信号调控等生物过程,酶结合、蛋白磷酸酶结合等分子功能有关以及核染色质、线粒体外膜等细胞组分,并主要作用于PI3K-Akt、HIF-1和MAPK等信号通路。槲皮素、山柰酚、高良姜素等化合物可能是“高良姜-广藿香”作用于DGP的潜在药效成分,主要通过介导MAPK/PI3K/AKT和P53等信号通路,参与氧化应激和细胞凋亡等过程发挥治疗作用。结论:基于网络药理学方法,本研究初步揭示“高良姜-广藿香”药治疗DGP具有多成分、多靶点、多途径的作用特点,能够为进一步使用“高良姜-广藿香”药治疗DGP的研究提供新的思路。

基于网络药理学-分子对接及实验研究探讨高良姜-香附药对治疗原发性痛经的作用机制

目的采用网络药理学、分子对接和实验验证研究高良姜-香附药对(简称“良附”)治疗原发性痛经(primary dysmenorrhea,PD)的作用机制。方法通过TCSMP及文献检索,获得高良姜和香附的活性成分,由TCSMP与Swiss Target Prediction平台获得相应成分及靶点;以“primary dysmenorrhea”“dysmenorrhea”为检索词,经GeneCard、DrugBank、DisGenet、TTD和OMIM数据库获取疾病靶点。利用STRING数据库进行PPI网络分析,由Metascape平台进行KEGG和GO富集分析,取高良姜-香附药对交集靶点、活性成分和相关通路构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络图。选取“成分-靶点-通路”网络和PPI网络的核心成分与靶点通过AutoDock进行对接。采用苯甲酸雌二醇和缩宫素联合制备小鼠原发性痛经模型,观察扭体反应;HE染色观察小鼠子宫病理变化;ELISA法检测PD小鼠血清中前列腺素E2(PGE2)、前列腺素F2α(PGF2α)和β-内啡肽(β-EP)的水平,Western blot法和RT-qPCR法验证蛋白和mRNA的表达。结果良附共获得29种主要活性成分,核心靶点为STAT3、PIK3CA、AKT1、ESR1、TP53、PTGS2等;分子对接结果显示,关键成分与核心靶点都有较强的结合能力。动物实验结果表明,良附组可缓解PD小鼠子宫组织水肿、充血和炎症,降低小鼠血清中PGF2α的水平,升高PGE2和β-EP的水平,抑制COX-2、p38、PI3K、和p-AKT的蛋白表达,mRNA的表达与蛋白表达趋势一致。结论良附能够缓解PD引起的疼痛,其机制可能是通过PI3K/AKT、MAPK和PTGS2等多途径发挥药效。