Research and Application of a Multi-Field Co-Simulation Data Extraction Method Based on Adaptive Infinitesimal Element

Regarding the spatial profile extraction method of a multi-field co-simulation dataset,different extraction directions,locations,and numbers of profileswill greatly affect the representativeness and integrity of data.In this study,a multi-field co-simulation data extractionmethod based on adaptive infinitesimal elements is proposed.Themultifield co-simulation dataset based on related infinitesimal elements is constructed,and the candidate directions of data profile extraction undergo dimension reduction by principal component analysis to determine the direction of data extraction.Based on the fireworks algorithm,the data profile with optimal representativeness is searched adaptively in different data extraction intervals to realize the adaptive calculation of data extraction micro-step length.The multi-field co-simulation data extraction process based on adaptive microelement is established and applied to the data extraction process of the multi-field co-simulation dataset of the sintering furnace.Compared with traditional data extraction methods for multi-field co-simulation,the approximate model constructed by the data extracted from the proposed method has higher construction efficiency.Meanwhile,the relative maximum absolute error,root mean square error,and coefficient of determination of the approximationmodel are better than those of the approximation model constructed by the data extracted from traditional methods,indicating higher accuracy,it is verified that the proposed method demonstrates sound adaptability and extraction efficiency.

Co-Simulation模式软硬件协同仿真体系结构及实现

介绍和对比了HDL Co-Simulation、Vector、Transaction三种主要的软硬件协同仿真模式的执行流程及性能,并对其中的Co-Simulation模式软硬件协同仿真方法进行了体系结构的设计和功能部件的划分,描述了各部分组件的主要功能,并通过软、硬件试验平台对其进行了建模和编程实现,测试了其仿真性能。通过实验表明,该体系结构能够适用于任何Co-Simulation以及Vector模式的软硬件协同仿真实验,并可在保留基奉框架的情况下,通过部分功能的扩充,满足Transaction模式软硬件协同仿真的需求。

Co-simulation of a quadruped robot's mechanical and hydraulic systems based on ADAMS and AMESim

In order to observe the change and fluctuation in flow and pressure of a hydraulic quadruped robot＇s hydraulic system when the robot walks on trot gait,a co-simulation method based on ADAMS and AMESim is proposed. Firstly,the change rule in each swing angle of the hydraulic quadruped robot＇s four legs is analyzed and converted to the displacement change of the hydraulic cylinder by calculating their geometric relationship.Secondly,the robot＇s dynamic model is built in ADAMS and its hydraulic and control system models are built in AMESim. The displacement change of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic system is used as the driving function of the dynamics model in ADAMS,and the driving force of the dynamics model is used as the loads of the hydraulic system in AMESim. By introducing the PID closed-loop control in the control system,the co-simulation between hydraulic system and mechanical system is implemented. Finally,the curve of hydraulic cylinders＇ loads,flow and pressure are analyzed and the results show that they fluctuate highly in accordance with the real situation. The study provides data support for the development of a hydraulic quadruped robot＇s physical prototype.

Explicit–Implicit Co-Simulation Techniques for Dynamic Responses of a Passenger Car on Arbitrary Road Surfaces

To study the durability of a passenger car, this work investigates numerical simulation techniques. The investigations are based on an explicit implicit approach in which substructure techniques are used to reduce the simulation time, allowing full vehicle dynamic analyses to be performed on a timescale that is dif cult or impossible with the conventional nite element model (FEM). The model used here includes all necessary nonlinearities in order to maintain accuracy. All key components of the car structure are modeled with deformable materials. Tire road interactions are modeled in the explicit package with contact-impact interfaces with arbitrary frictional and geometric properties. Key parameters of the responses of the car driven on six different kinds of test road surfaces are examined and compared with experimental values. It can be concluded that the explicit implicit co-simulation techniques used here are ef cient and accurate enough for engineering purposes. This paper also discusses the limitations of the proposed method and outlines possible improvements for future work.

Real-time controller hardware-in-the-loop co-simulation testbed for cooperative control strategy for cyber-physical power system

Various distributed cooperative control schemes have been widely utilized for cyber-physical power system(CPPS),which only require local communications among geographic neighbors to fulfill certain goals.However,the process of evaluating the performance of an algorithm for a CPPS can be affected by the physical target characteristics and real communication conditions.To address this potential problem,a testbed with controller hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)is proposed in this paper.On the basis of a power grid simulation conducted using the real-time simulator RT-LAB developed by the company OPAL-RT,along with a communication network simulation developed with OPNET,multiple distributed controllers were developed with hardware devices to directly collect the real-time operating data of the power system model in RT-LAB and provide local control.Furthermore,the communication between neighboring controllers was realized using the cyber system modelin OPNET with an Ethernet interface.The hardware controllers produced a real-world control behavior instead of a digital simulation,and precisely simulated the dynamic features of a CPPS with high speed.A classic cooperative control case for active power output was studied to explain the integrated simulation process and validate the effectiveness of the co-simulation testbed.

Co-Simulation Research of the Mechanical-Hydraulic-Control Coupling System of ITER Tractor

The virtual prototyping models of the mechanical, hydraulic and control system of the ITER tractor were built with CATIA, ADAMS and MATLAB/Simulink respectively according to its heavy load and high precision characteristics, and the data transfer between the different models was accomplished by the integration interface between different software. Consequently the virtual experimental platform for the multi-disciplinary co-simulation was established. A co-simulation study of the mechanical-hydraulic-control coupling system of the ITER tractor was carried out. The synchronization servo control of parallel hydraulic cylinders was implemented, and the tracking control of the preconcerted trajectory of the hydraulic cylinders was realized on the established experimental platform. This paper presents the optimization design and technology rebuilding for the complicated coupling system with its theoretic foundation and co-simulation virtual experimental platform.

Co-simulation platform for single-shaft parallel HEVs based on Cruise+Matlab/Simulink

We reversely analyzed the energy management strategy （EMS） for a single-shaft parallel hybrid electric vehicle （HEV）, and build a forward co-simulation platform based on Cruise and Matlab. The vehicle dynamics model is built with Cruise, and control model is set up with Matlab/Simulink environment. The data between the two models are transferred by the Matlab API interface in Cruise. After mechanical and signal connections are completed, we establish the computing tasks and take the simulations of vehicle＇ s power performance, economy, and emission performance. The simulation results match the actual measurement results, which show that the co-simulation platform is correct and feasible. The platform can be used not only for a basic simulation platform to optimize further EMS, but also for the development of actual control system.

Hardware-Software Co-Simulation for SOC Functional Verification

A hardware-software co-simulation method for system on chip (SOC) design is discussed. It is based on an instruction set simulator (ISS) and an event-driven hardware simulator, and a bus interface model that is described in C language provides the interface between the two. The bus interface model and the ISS are linked into a singleton program--the software simulator, which communicate with the hardware simulator through Windows sockets. The implementation of the bus interface model and the synchronization between hardware and software simulator are discussed in detail. Co-simulation control of the hardware simulator is also discussed.

Co-simulation and consumption analysis ofwheel loader on negative loading condition

In order to analyze the energy consumption of wheel loader during working process, a three-dimensional（3D） model of wheel loader is established by Pro/E software, and it is imported into the software SimulationX tobuild the kinetic model of the whole wheel loader. Meanwhile, the simulation model of hydraulic system is builtby the same software. By integrating the simulation model of hydraulic system with the kinetic model, the co-sim-ulation model of wheel loader could be achieved. The precision of co-simulation model of the working device isverified through the comparison between simulation results and test results. The testing results show that, undernegative loading condition, the energy loss in multi-way valve accounts for about 52%. The important energy lossin loader＇s working hydraulic system using constant displacement pump is the large throttling loss of multi-wayvalves. This study provides a reference for designing of a more energy-efficient hydaulic system of wheel loader.

Research on Co-simulation with ADAMS and MATLAB for Servo Tracking System Mounted with a Small Arm

Research on a servo tracking system mounted with a small arm for robot fighting platform based on multi-body system dynamics and intelligent control theory is presented.A multi-body dynamic model which can accurately express dynamic performances of the system is built in ADAMS.In addition,an intelligent PID control model is built with MATLAB/Simulink,and the two models are integrated and co-simulated by the interface of ADAMS/Controls.Simulation experiments indicate that co-simulation technique used for design of the servo tracking system mounted with a small arm can effectively improve its design efficiency,and can also provide theoretical bases for the motion control and performance improvement of the servo tracking system mounted with a small arm.

Theoretical investigation on self-recovery regulation method for diesel engine misalignment through co-simulation

Misalignment is one of the most common faults for the diesel engine.In order to eliminate the misalignment fault of the diesel engine in the process of operation,a targeting self-recovery regulation system is constructed by using a movable base and displacement sensors.Misalignment is monitored and detected in real time,the value of misalignment is calculated rapidly and accurately,andintelligent decision is made.Then,the base is moved reversely with a definite target to drive the shaft to translate or rotate,so that the shafts can be recovered to alignment online.A co-simulation model for the self-recovery system is established which consists of a dynamic model of the crankshaft system and control model.The self-recovery regulation process of misalignment is simulated.The simulation results show that the system can accurately calculate the misalignment values,with an error of less than 5%,and can automatically eliminate the misalignment fault of the diesel engine online.The research results provide theoretical support for the self-recovery regulation of misalignment fault,and due to the universality of structure and principle,the self-recovery system is not only suitable for diesel engine,but also for other rotating machineries.

Co-simulation and Solving of Clapper Type Relay Dynamic Characteristics Based on Multi-software

Based on multi-commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software co-simulation calculating method, the electromagnetic system model was built for solving static and dynamic characteristics of a clap-type rely. Using the Fortran programming language, the solving of differential equation and the calculating of electromagnetic torque interpolation was realized, therefore the MEM coupling system static/dynamic characteristics of the relay was obtained. The validity and accuracy of this method has been confirmed by results of experiments.The conclusions which obtained are valuable in optimizing the clap-type rely production.

电液负载敏感-变转速复合流量调节与模糊PID控制

针对伺服电机驱动的电液变量泵系统,提出一种负载敏感-变转速的复合流量调节策略,设计模糊PID控制器,采用电控方式实现变压差负载敏感控制。采用AMESim-Simulink软件建立仿真模型,搭建试验平台并进行试验。研究结果表明:与PID相比,模糊PID具有更快的响应速度,更小的超调量。与单负载敏感流量调节相比,复合流量调节策略的流量调节范围提高36%,流量超调量减少20%;主控制阀开口为阶跃信号时,全流量(7~81 L/min)调节的上升时间约0.5 s,下降时间约0.2 s,与单负载敏感流量响应时间基本一致。

基于AMEsim-Simulink联合仿真的风帆液压控制

针对风帆驱动控制系统提出了差动缸液压控制方案,利用AMEsim软件建立液压系统仿真模型,再结合Simulink软件在控制系统设计方面的优势,对风帆驱动系统进行联合仿真研究。通过联合仿真比对了常规阀控非对称缸与本文作者提出的差动缸控制系统,验证了本文作者提出的差动缸控制风帆系统的优越性。分析了某一定常力负载下的阶跃动态响应及风帆所受实际变化负载力状态下的跟踪角度曲线,仿真表明该控制方案对风帆驱动控制的有效性和可靠性,可为风帆助航船风帆控制提供技术支持。

基于AMESim-Simulink的深海加压系统PID控制仿真分析

以一种深海加压系统的同步回路为研究对象,针对同步回路在外干扰力下的位移精度控制问题,使用AMESim的液压库搭建同步回路的物理模型,并使用Simulink建立PID控制器模型,而后将两者进行联合仿真,观察同步回路在外干扰力下的控制性能。结果表明:PID控制的同步回路的位移精度能够达到设计需求。

半主动升沉补偿系统的预测控制与联合仿真分析

针对半主动升沉补偿系统响应滞后和非线性时变的特点,提出半主动升沉补偿系统的预测控制与联合仿真分析。以PSO-BiLSTM模型预测的船舶升沉位移作为控制信号输入,Terminal滑模控制器控制复合液压缸,补偿负载因船舶运动产生的升沉位移。建立AMESim-Simulink联合仿真系统,对比有无预测模型下的3种控制补偿性能,验证了采用PSO-BiLSTM预测算法的Terminal滑模控制半主动升沉补偿系统效果良好,补偿率可达95.63%,比PID控制和普通滑模控制分别提高11.07%和5.51%。仿真结果表明,精确的预测数据作为控制输入,可以有效地缩短响应时滞,提高位移补偿精度。

复合式液压缸型半主动波浪补偿系统的研究

为了解决海上作业船体的安全问题,需要研究相应的控制技术。因此,提出了一种复合式液压缸型的半主动波浪补偿系统。首先,根据复合式液压缸半主动波浪补偿系统原理建立AMESim模型;其次,根据模糊PID控制器的工作原理对其建立MATLAB/Simulink模型;最后,建立复合式液压缸型半主动波浪补偿系统的AMESim-Simulink模型,进行联合仿真。分析半主动补偿的负载位移、负载速度、系统能量、功率变化,验证了复合式液压缸型波浪补偿系统AMESim仿真的可行性,并得出联合仿真更能减少能耗以及系统参数设计的合理性。

基于AMEsim-Simulink/Stateflow联合仿真平台的控制策略建模和车辆性能仿真

基于AMESim-Simulink/Stateflow联合仿真平台,对混联式液压混合动力车辆的传动系统与车辆控制器进行建模。根据车辆的预期行驶状况、蓄能器的压力情况与需求扭矩的变化,实时切换车辆不同的液压混合动力工作模式,采用CYC_1015车辆循环工况对其进行模拟分析。仿真结果表明,采用混联式液压混合动力驱动系统可明显提高车辆的燃油经济性,同时满足车辆的制动效果和动力性能。

基于Amesim-Simulink联合仿真的方程式赛车制动能量回收系统研究

为了提高纯电动方程式赛车的能量利用率和单次充电行驶里程,对有电再生制动能量回收系统的纯电动方程式赛车进行了建模仿真,并配置了相应的控制策略,通过比较是否添加电再生制动能量回收系统和不同控制策略对纯电动方程式赛车速度、加速度和单次充电行驶里程的影响,证明了该系统在保持赛车动力性能的同时能实现制动能量的回收利用,为以后的纯电动汽车的开发优化提供了一条思路。

基于工作特征的电动叉车能量联合回收方法研究

针对电动叉车在其工况循环中,门架系统升降和驱动系统起、制动频繁所产生的节流损耗和能量浪费问题,提出一种基于工作特征的能量联合回收方法。在分析叉车典型工作流程基础上,提出以超级电容作为储能装置的电动叉车势能和制动能的联合回收方案,并引入模糊PID自适应控制方法实现电液位置伺服系统对液压缸位移的精准控制;针对提出的方案和控制方法,运用AMESim和Simulink软件建立了电动叉车势能和动能的能量联合回收仿真模型;最后,利用提出的方法和仿真模型对某仓库电动叉车的一个工作循环进行能量回收分析,结果表明所提方法对势能和制动能联合回收的效果显著,提高了电动叉车续航里程和能量使用效率。