The timing and mechanisms of the human occupation of the demanding high-altitude Tibetan Plateau environment are of great interest.Here,we report on our reinvestigations and dating of the Nwya Devu site,located nearly...The timing and mechanisms of the human occupation of the demanding high-altitude Tibetan Plateau environment are of great interest.Here,we report on our reinvestigations and dating of the Nwya Devu site,located nearly 4600 meters above sea level on the central Tibetan Plateau.A new microblade techno-complex was identified on a lower lake shore at this site,distinct from the previously reported blade tool assemblage.These two lithic assemblages were dated to 45.6±2.6 and10.3±0.5 ka using optically stimulated luminescence and accelerator mass spectrometry^(14)C methods.They represent,respectively,the earliest known Paleolithic and microlithic sites on the interior Tibetan Plateau,indicating multiple occupation episodes of hunter-gatherers during the past 45 ka.Our studies reveal that relatively stable depositional conditions and a paleoenvironment characterized by a comparatively warm climate facilitated these multiple occupations at Nwya Devu.The contemporaneous occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic blade technology on the Tibetan Plateau and most of Eurasia between 50 and 40 ka indicates rapid,large-scale dispersals of humans that profoundly affected human demography on a large scale.Combining new archaeological evidence and previously reported genetic data,we conclude that the Tibetan Plateau provided a relatively stable habitat for Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers,which may have contributed to the complex and multiple-origin gene pool of present-day Tibetans.展开更多
通过对贵州东南部雷公坪泥炭进行年代学和有机碳同位素测定,雷公坪泥炭剖面底部150 cm处年龄为13360±40 a B.P.,在中部70 cm处年龄为4570±30 a B.P.,顶部10 cm处年龄为420±30 a B.P.,建立了雷公坪泥炭沉积的年代学序列,...通过对贵州东南部雷公坪泥炭进行年代学和有机碳同位素测定,雷公坪泥炭剖面底部150 cm处年龄为13360±40 a B.P.,在中部70 cm处年龄为4570±30 a B.P.,顶部10 cm处年龄为420±30 a B.P.,建立了雷公坪泥炭沉积的年代学序列,计算出泥炭层堆积速率由上至下分别为23.81 cm·ka^(-1)、14.46 cm·ka^(-1)、9.10 cm·ka^(-1)。获得泥炭层泥炭有机碳同位素δ^(13)C分别为-27.5‰、-28.8‰、-28.5‰,结合其他区域气候记录推断,说明研究区泥炭发育于相对温暖湿润的气候环境。展开更多
东北哈尼泥炭沼泽位于长白山西麓和龙岗山脉中段,沉积连续,受人为干扰较小,记录了东北地区全新世以来的古气候、古环境演变信息。本研究采用AMS^(14)C测年技术建立了哈尼泥炭剖面年代学框架,并对泥炭柱心磁化率进行测定,分析其古气候意...东北哈尼泥炭沼泽位于长白山西麓和龙岗山脉中段,沉积连续,受人为干扰较小,记录了东北地区全新世以来的古气候、古环境演变信息。本研究采用AMS^(14)C测年技术建立了哈尼泥炭剖面年代学框架,并对泥炭柱心磁化率进行测定,分析其古气候意义,结合相关气候代用指标,重建了东北地区14 ka B.P.以来的古气候与环境演化历史。结果表明,哈尼泥炭磁化率总体偏低,说明在全新世的大部分时间内哈尼泥炭中的磁性矿物颗粒富集程度较低。哈尼泥炭磁化率记录了区域环境温度和湿度变化信息,较高的磁化率表明气候温暖湿润,较低的磁化率表明气候干燥寒冷。磁化率参数变化响应了全新世多次气候干冷事件,如0.4~0.6 ka B.P.(小冰期)、2.8 ka B.P.、4.3 ka B.P.和8.2 ka B.P.等气候突变事件。哈尼泥炭磁化率不仅反映了东北地区全新世以来的气候变化,而且呼应了全新世的多起气候突变事件。展开更多
文摘政和蛙岩崩塌是一处大型古岩崩遗迹,其堵塞闽江支流七星溪河谷形成外屯—湖屯一带长度超过10.5 km的古堰塞湖,其后的溃坝使堰塞湖水体泄空,细粒堆积物露出地表形成万亩良田。为了约束该古堰塞湖形成与溃坝的时代,对古堰塞湖沉积施工了1个深度8.5 m的浅钻,沿不同深度采集了8件AMS^(14)C测年样品,结果表明:堰塞湖沉积从地表至8.5 m深的^(14)C年龄从930~795 Cal BP至1528~1376 Cal BP,根据堰塞湖沉积顶部的最小年龄推测堰塞湖溃坝的时代(~0.8±0.1)ka BP,由沉积速率推算堰塞湖形成时代不早于(2.8±0.1)ka BP,表明蛙岩古堰塞湖形成于全新世晚期,这为古堰塞湖形成与消亡演化提供了一个研究实例。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41888101,41977380 and 42072033)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB26000000 and XDA2004010102)+3 种基金the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(Grant No.2019QZKK0601)the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21@WTK001)supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative Award(Grant No.2018VCA0016)the Je Tsongkhapa Endowment for Central and Inner Asian Archaeology at the University of Arizona。
文摘The timing and mechanisms of the human occupation of the demanding high-altitude Tibetan Plateau environment are of great interest.Here,we report on our reinvestigations and dating of the Nwya Devu site,located nearly 4600 meters above sea level on the central Tibetan Plateau.A new microblade techno-complex was identified on a lower lake shore at this site,distinct from the previously reported blade tool assemblage.These two lithic assemblages were dated to 45.6±2.6 and10.3±0.5 ka using optically stimulated luminescence and accelerator mass spectrometry^(14)C methods.They represent,respectively,the earliest known Paleolithic and microlithic sites on the interior Tibetan Plateau,indicating multiple occupation episodes of hunter-gatherers during the past 45 ka.Our studies reveal that relatively stable depositional conditions and a paleoenvironment characterized by a comparatively warm climate facilitated these multiple occupations at Nwya Devu.The contemporaneous occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic blade technology on the Tibetan Plateau and most of Eurasia between 50 and 40 ka indicates rapid,large-scale dispersals of humans that profoundly affected human demography on a large scale.Combining new archaeological evidence and previously reported genetic data,we conclude that the Tibetan Plateau provided a relatively stable habitat for Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers,which may have contributed to the complex and multiple-origin gene pool of present-day Tibetans.
文摘通过对贵州东南部雷公坪泥炭进行年代学和有机碳同位素测定,雷公坪泥炭剖面底部150 cm处年龄为13360±40 a B.P.,在中部70 cm处年龄为4570±30 a B.P.,顶部10 cm处年龄为420±30 a B.P.,建立了雷公坪泥炭沉积的年代学序列,计算出泥炭层堆积速率由上至下分别为23.81 cm·ka^(-1)、14.46 cm·ka^(-1)、9.10 cm·ka^(-1)。获得泥炭层泥炭有机碳同位素δ^(13)C分别为-27.5‰、-28.8‰、-28.5‰,结合其他区域气候记录推断,说明研究区泥炭发育于相对温暖湿润的气候环境。
文摘东北哈尼泥炭沼泽位于长白山西麓和龙岗山脉中段,沉积连续,受人为干扰较小,记录了东北地区全新世以来的古气候、古环境演变信息。本研究采用AMS^(14)C测年技术建立了哈尼泥炭剖面年代学框架,并对泥炭柱心磁化率进行测定,分析其古气候意义,结合相关气候代用指标,重建了东北地区14 ka B.P.以来的古气候与环境演化历史。结果表明,哈尼泥炭磁化率总体偏低,说明在全新世的大部分时间内哈尼泥炭中的磁性矿物颗粒富集程度较低。哈尼泥炭磁化率记录了区域环境温度和湿度变化信息,较高的磁化率表明气候温暖湿润,较低的磁化率表明气候干燥寒冷。磁化率参数变化响应了全新世多次气候干冷事件,如0.4~0.6 ka B.P.(小冰期)、2.8 ka B.P.、4.3 ka B.P.和8.2 ka B.P.等气候突变事件。哈尼泥炭磁化率不仅反映了东北地区全新世以来的气候变化,而且呼应了全新世的多起气候突变事件。
