The relationship between genetic alterations at chromosomal band 11p13 and the WAGR(Wilms'tumor,aniridia,genitourinary anomalies,and mental retardation)syndrome is not clearly understood.To aid our understanding o...The relationship between genetic alterations at chromosomal band 11p13 and the WAGR(Wilms'tumor,aniridia,genitourinary anomalies,and mental retardation)syndrome is not clearly understood.To aid our understanding of this relationship,we have constructed a physical map of this region of the genome using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.Fifteen newly identified 11p13-specific probes and four previously reported probes were used to subdivide 11p13 into five intervals defined by overlapping constitutional deletions from several WAGR patients.This new repertoire of DNA probes was used to construct a physical map of this region using the infrequently cutting restriction enzymes MIuI and NotI.This map spans approximately 13 Mb and encompasses deletion and translocation breakpoints associated with genitourinary abnormalities,aniridia,and Wilms'tumor.The map also makes it possible to localize the genes for Wilms'tumor(WT)and aniridia(AN2)to a small number of specific NotI restriction fragments.展开更多
Numerous instances of poisoning caused by the ingestion of mushrooms are reported annually worldwide,with most mushroom poisoning deaths caused by the ingestion of toxic amanita fungi.Amatoxin is the main toxic compon...Numerous instances of poisoning caused by the ingestion of mushrooms are reported annually worldwide,with most mushroom poisoning deaths caused by the ingestion of toxic amanita fungi.Amatoxin is the main toxic component of amanita,andα-amanitin is one of the most potent toxins present in amatoxin[1].展开更多
In this work, an analytical study is carried out on double-diffusive natural convection through a horizontal anisotropic porous layer saturated with a non-Newtonian fluid by using the Darcy model with the Boussinesq a...In this work, an analytical study is carried out on double-diffusive natural convection through a horizontal anisotropic porous layer saturated with a non-Newtonian fluid by using the Darcy model with the Boussinesq approximations. The horizontal walls of the system are subject to vertical uniform fluxes of heat and mass, whereas the vertical walls are assumed to be adiabatic and impermeable. The Soret effect is taken into consideration. Based on parallel flow approximation theory, the problem is solved in the limit of a thin layer and documented the effects of the physical parameters describing this investigation.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)is associated with amino acid metabolism in higher plants.Theanine is an important amino acid in tea plants.To explore the relationship between theanine metabolism and N conditions,we examined the different...Nitrogen(N)is associated with amino acid metabolism in higher plants.Theanine is an important amino acid in tea plants.To explore the relationship between theanine metabolism and N conditions,we examined the differentially expressed genes(DEGs),proteins(DEPs),and microRNAs(DEMs)involved in theanine metabolism in tea plant shoots and roots under N sufficiency and deficiency conditions.Transcriptome,proteome,and microRNA analyses were performed on tea plant shoots and roots under N sufficiency and deficiency conditions.The contents of theanine,expression levels of genes involved in theanine metabolism,contents of proteinogenic amino acids,and activity of enzymes were analyzed.The DEP–DEG correlation pairs and negative DEM–DEG interactions related to theanine metabolism were identified based on correlation analyses.The expression profiles of DEGs and negative DEM–DEG pairs related to theanine biosynthesis were consistent with the sequencing results.Our results suggest that the molecular and physiological mechanism of theanine accumulation is significantly affected by N sufficiency and deficiency conditions.The DEGs,DEPs,and DEMs and the activity of the enzymes involved in theanine biosynthesis might play vital roles in theanine accumulation under N sufficiency and deficiency conditions in the shoots and roots of tea plants.展开更多
The perineal membrane (PM) is a thick, elastic fiber-rich, smooth muscle-poor membrane extending along the vestibule and lower vaginal wall and embedding the urethrovaginal sphincter and compressor urethrae muscles. T...The perineal membrane (PM) is a thick, elastic fiber-rich, smooth muscle-poor membrane extending along the vestibule and lower vaginal wall and embedding the urethrovaginal sphincter and compressor urethrae muscles. To provide a better understanding of the topographical relationship between the PM and the levator ani muscle, we examined histological sections from 15 female cadavers. The composite fibers of the PM were usually continuous with that of a fascia covering the inferior or lateral surface of the levator ani (fascia diaphragmatis pelvis inferior) rather than the endopelvic fascia covering the superior or medial surface of the latter muscle. However, this fascial connection was sometimes interrupted by a venous plexus. The deep transverse perineal muscle was consistently adjacent to the posterolateral aspect of the PM, but whether it extended superficially or deeply to the PM depended on size of the muscle. In contrast to the endopelvic fascia embedding abundant middle-sized nerves (cavernous and sphincter nerves;0.05 - 0.1 mm in thickness), the PM contained very thin nerves: many in 10 cadavers but few in 5 cadavers. Most of the nerves seemed to be sensory on the basis of immunohistochemistry. The levator ani muscle was considered likely to provide traction force to the PM, but active elevation appeared to be difficult because of the highly elastic nature of the PM and the interrupting venous plexus. Loss of nerves in the PM might be one of a number of factors that can accelerate pelvic organ prolapse.展开更多
Dear Editor,Craniofacial microsomia(CFM,MIM#164210)is a congenital malformation involving the first and second branchial arch derivatives.The phenotype of CFM is highly variable and typically affects the external ear,...Dear Editor,Craniofacial microsomia(CFM,MIM#164210)is a congenital malformation involving the first and second branchial arch derivatives.The phenotype of CFM is highly variable and typically affects the external ear,middle ear,mandible and temporomandibular joint,and facial muscles on the affected side.Accompanied by craniofacial anomalies,cardiac,vertebral,and central nervous system defects may occur.Microtia is considered the minimum diagnostic criterion[1,2].展开更多
文摘The relationship between genetic alterations at chromosomal band 11p13 and the WAGR(Wilms'tumor,aniridia,genitourinary anomalies,and mental retardation)syndrome is not clearly understood.To aid our understanding of this relationship,we have constructed a physical map of this region of the genome using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.Fifteen newly identified 11p13-specific probes and four previously reported probes were used to subdivide 11p13 into five intervals defined by overlapping constitutional deletions from several WAGR patients.This new repertoire of DNA probes was used to construct a physical map of this region using the infrequently cutting restriction enzymes MIuI and NotI.This map spans approximately 13 Mb and encompasses deletion and translocation breakpoints associated with genitourinary abnormalities,aniridia,and Wilms'tumor.The map also makes it possible to localize the genes for Wilms'tumor(WT)and aniridia(AN2)to a small number of specific NotI restriction fragments.
基金financially supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Support Program[No.Qiankehe[2021]496]Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou Health Commission[No.gzwkj2021-407]+1 种基金National Major Research Project[No.2017YFC1601805]Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Support Program[No.Qiankehe[2017]2972]。
文摘Numerous instances of poisoning caused by the ingestion of mushrooms are reported annually worldwide,with most mushroom poisoning deaths caused by the ingestion of toxic amanita fungi.Amatoxin is the main toxic component of amanita,andα-amanitin is one of the most potent toxins present in amatoxin[1].
文摘In this work, an analytical study is carried out on double-diffusive natural convection through a horizontal anisotropic porous layer saturated with a non-Newtonian fluid by using the Darcy model with the Boussinesq approximations. The horizontal walls of the system are subject to vertical uniform fluxes of heat and mass, whereas the vertical walls are assumed to be adiabatic and impermeable. The Soret effect is taken into consideration. Based on parallel flow approximation theory, the problem is solved in the limit of a thin layer and documented the effects of the physical parameters describing this investigation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870681)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Project(PAPD).
文摘Nitrogen(N)is associated with amino acid metabolism in higher plants.Theanine is an important amino acid in tea plants.To explore the relationship between theanine metabolism and N conditions,we examined the differentially expressed genes(DEGs),proteins(DEPs),and microRNAs(DEMs)involved in theanine metabolism in tea plant shoots and roots under N sufficiency and deficiency conditions.Transcriptome,proteome,and microRNA analyses were performed on tea plant shoots and roots under N sufficiency and deficiency conditions.The contents of theanine,expression levels of genes involved in theanine metabolism,contents of proteinogenic amino acids,and activity of enzymes were analyzed.The DEP–DEG correlation pairs and negative DEM–DEG interactions related to theanine metabolism were identified based on correlation analyses.The expression profiles of DEGs and negative DEM–DEG pairs related to theanine biosynthesis were consistent with the sequencing results.Our results suggest that the molecular and physiological mechanism of theanine accumulation is significantly affected by N sufficiency and deficiency conditions.The DEGs,DEPs,and DEMs and the activity of the enzymes involved in theanine biosynthesis might play vital roles in theanine accumulation under N sufficiency and deficiency conditions in the shoots and roots of tea plants.
文摘The perineal membrane (PM) is a thick, elastic fiber-rich, smooth muscle-poor membrane extending along the vestibule and lower vaginal wall and embedding the urethrovaginal sphincter and compressor urethrae muscles. To provide a better understanding of the topographical relationship between the PM and the levator ani muscle, we examined histological sections from 15 female cadavers. The composite fibers of the PM were usually continuous with that of a fascia covering the inferior or lateral surface of the levator ani (fascia diaphragmatis pelvis inferior) rather than the endopelvic fascia covering the superior or medial surface of the latter muscle. However, this fascial connection was sometimes interrupted by a venous plexus. The deep transverse perineal muscle was consistently adjacent to the posterolateral aspect of the PM, but whether it extended superficially or deeply to the PM depended on size of the muscle. In contrast to the endopelvic fascia embedding abundant middle-sized nerves (cavernous and sphincter nerves;0.05 - 0.1 mm in thickness), the PM contained very thin nerves: many in 10 cadavers but few in 5 cadavers. Most of the nerves seemed to be sensory on the basis of immunohistochemistry. The levator ani muscle was considered likely to provide traction force to the PM, but active elevation appeared to be difficult because of the highly elastic nature of the PM and the interrupting venous plexus. Loss of nerves in the PM might be one of a number of factors that can accelerate pelvic organ prolapse.
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (No.2021-I2M-1-052)the Research Funds from CAMS Plastic Surgery Hospital (Nos.YS202036 and YS202003).
文摘Dear Editor,Craniofacial microsomia(CFM,MIM#164210)is a congenital malformation involving the first and second branchial arch derivatives.The phenotype of CFM is highly variable and typically affects the external ear,middle ear,mandible and temporomandibular joint,and facial muscles on the affected side.Accompanied by craniofacial anomalies,cardiac,vertebral,and central nervous system defects may occur.Microtia is considered the minimum diagnostic criterion[1,2].
