Recently,increasing natural infection cases and experimental animal challenge studies demonstrated domestic cats are susceptible to multiple subtypes influenza A virus(IAV)infections.Notably,some subtype IAV strains c...Recently,increasing natural infection cases and experimental animal challenge studies demonstrated domestic cats are susceptible to multiple subtypes influenza A virus(IAV)infections.Notably,some subtype IAV strains could circulate in domestic cats after cross-species transmission and even infected humans,posing a threat to public health.Host factors related to viral polymerase activity could determine host range of IAV and acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32(ANP32)is the most important one among them.However,role of cat-derived ANP32 on viral polymerase activity and host range of IAV is still unknown.In the present study,a total of 10 feline ANP32(feANP32)splice variants(including 5 feANP32A,3 feANP32B,and 2 feANP32E)were obtained from domestic cats by RT-PCR.Sequence alignment results demonstrated amino acid deletions and/or insertions occurred among feANP32 variants,but all feANP32 proteins were primarily localized to cell nucleus.Minigenome replication systems for several representative IAV strains were established and the support ability of feANP32 on IAV polymerase activity was estimated.The results indicated that most feANP32A and feANP32B splice variants were able to support all the tested IAV strains,though the support activity of a single feANP32 protein on polymerase activity varied among different IAV strains.In addition,the role of feANP32 in supporting H3N2 canine influenza virus was determined by investigating viral replication in vitro.Collectively,our study systematically investigated the support activity of feANP32 on IAV,providing a clue for further exploring the mechanism of susceptibility of cats to IAV.展开更多
The acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 kDa(ANP32)family con sists of evolutionarily con served proteins of 220-291 amino acids characterized by an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain(LRR)and a C-terminal ...The acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 kDa(ANP32)family con sists of evolutionarily con served proteins of 220-291 amino acids characterized by an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain(LRR)and a C-terminal low-complexity acidic region(LCAR).ANP32 family proteins regulate a variety of physiological functions,including chromatin remodeling apoptosis and nervous system development.Abnormal ANP32 expression is closely related to tumori-genesis.In recent years,the role of ANP32 family proteins in viral infections has received considerable attention due to their activity supporting influenza virus replication and restriction of virus cross-species transmission.Moreover,ANP32 proteins are closely related to the replication of HIV and nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses(NNSVs).In this review,the general physiological functions of ANP32 family proteins,as well as their roles in virus replication,are summarized in detail.展开更多
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(Human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)是人获得性免疫缺陷综合征即艾滋病(AIDS)的病原,HIV-1感染人类免疫细胞,渐进性地破坏免疫系统,最终引发艾滋病。ANP32A (酸性核磷蛋白32A)与ANP32B同属于ANP32蛋白家族...人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(Human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)是人获得性免疫缺陷综合征即艾滋病(AIDS)的病原,HIV-1感染人类免疫细胞,渐进性地破坏免疫系统,最终引发艾滋病。ANP32A (酸性核磷蛋白32A)与ANP32B同属于ANP32蛋白家族,是近几年新发现的与流感病毒复制相关的宿主蛋白。前期有研究证明宿主因子ANP32A/B是A型流感病毒聚合酶发挥功能所必需的宿主因子,并揭示了其与聚合酶相互作用的关键位点,为新型抗流感药物及转基因动物的研发提供了有效靶点(Zhang H et al. Journal of Virology 2019)。展开更多
【目的】明确鸡ANP32家族蛋白的亚细胞定位及在不同月龄鸡免疫器官中的表达特征,为后续研究鸡ANP32家族蛋白与新城疫病毒(NDV)复制及其致病性的关系打下基础。【方法】分别构建鸡ANP32家族基因重组真核表达载体,转染HEK-293T细胞后进行...【目的】明确鸡ANP32家族蛋白的亚细胞定位及在不同月龄鸡免疫器官中的表达特征,为后续研究鸡ANP32家族蛋白与新城疫病毒(NDV)复制及其致病性的关系打下基础。【方法】分别构建鸡ANP32家族基因重组真核表达载体,转染HEK-293T细胞后进行诱导表达,利用Western blotting检测融合蛋白表达情况,并通过荧光观察分析融合蛋白亚细胞定位;同时采用实时荧光定量PCR检测ANP32家族基因在1~6月龄鸡免疫器官(脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊)中的表达水平。【结果】成功构建了鸡ANP32家族基因重组真核表达载体pEGFP-C1-ANP32A、pEGFP-C1-ANP32B和pEGFP-C1-ANP32E,转染HEK-293T细胞后得到正确表达,获得携带EGFP标签的融合蛋白EGFP-ANP32A、EGFPANP32B和EGFP-ANP32E,其分子量分别为60.0、57.9和56.9 k D。亚细胞定位分析结果表明,融合蛋白EGFP-ANP32A、EGFP-ANP32B和EGFP-ANP32E的荧光与细胞核荧光完全重合,即主要定位在细胞核。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果表明,ANP32家族基因在1~6月龄鸡免疫器官(脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊)中均有表达,且在不同免疫器官中的表达水平存在差异;ANP32A和ANP32E基因在1~6月龄鸡免疫器官中呈先上升后下降的表达趋势,且在2月龄免疫器官中的相对表达量达峰值;ANP32B基因的表达则呈下降趋势,以1月龄鸡免疫器官中的相对表达量最高。【结论】鸡ANP32家族蛋白主要定位于细胞核,且ANP32家族基因在不同月龄鸡免疫器官中均有表达,但这3个基因具有独特的表达特征,其表达差异与免疫器官发育及免疫功能间的关系有待进一步探究。展开更多
Host ANP32 family proteins are crucial for maintaining the activity of influenza RNA polymerase and play an important role in the cross-species transmission of influenza viruses.To date,the molecular properties of equ...Host ANP32 family proteins are crucial for maintaining the activity of influenza RNA polymerase and play an important role in the cross-species transmission of influenza viruses.To date,the molecular properties of equine ANP32(eqANP32)protein are poorly understood,particularly the mechanisms that affect equine influenza virus(EIV)RNA polymerase activity.Here,we found that there are six alternative splicing variants of equine ANP32A(eqANP32A)with different levels of expression.Further studies showed that these six splicing variants of eqANP32A supported the activity of EIV RNA polymerase to varying degrees,with the variant eqANP32A_X2 having the highest expression abundance and exhibiting the highest support of polymerase activity.Sequence analysis demonstrated that the differences in the N-Cap regions of the six splicing variants significantly affected their N-terminal conformation,but did not affect their ability to bind RNA polymerase.We also demonstrated that there is only one transcript of eqANP32B,and that this transcript showed only very low support to the EIV RNA polymerase.This functional defect in eqANP32B is caused by the sequence of the 110–259 amino acids at its Cterminus.Our results indicated that it is the eqANP32A_X2 protein that mainly determines the efficiency of the EIV replication in horses.In conclusion,our study parsed the molecular properties of eqANP32 family proteins and revealed the sequence features of eqANP32A and eqANP32B,suggesting for the first time that the N-Cap region of ANP32A protein also plays an important role in supporting the activity of the influenza virus polymerase.展开更多
Background:Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematological malignancy.An overwhelming majority of patients with MM progress to serious osteolytic bone disease.Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifun...Background:Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematological malignancy.An overwhelming majority of patients with MM progress to serious osteolytic bone disease.Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein 1(AIMP1)participates in several steps during cancer development and osteoclast differentiation.This study aimed to explore its role in MM.Methods:The gene expression profiling cohorts of MM were applied to determine the expression of AIMP1 and its association with MM patient prognosis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting were used to detect AIMP1 expression.Protein chip analysis,RNA-sequencing,and chromatin immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing were employed to screen the interacting proteins and key downstream targets of AIMP1.The impact of AIMP1 on cellular proliferation was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay in vitro and a xenograft model in vivo.Bone lesions were evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining in vitro.A NOD/SCID-TIBIA mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of siAIMP1-loaded exosomes on bone lesion formation in vivo.Results:AIMP1 expression was increased in MM patients and strongly associated with unfavorable outcomes.Increased AIMP1 expression promoted MM cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.Protein chip assays and subsequent experiments revealed that AIMP1 interacted with acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A(ANP32A)to regulate histone H3 acetylation.In addition,AIMP1 increased histone H3 acetylation enrichment function of GRB2-associated and regulator of MAPK protein 2(GAREM2)to increase the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2(p-ERK1/2).Furthermore,AIMP1 promoted osteoclast differentiation by activating nuclear factor of activated T cells c1(NFATc1)in vitro.In contrast,exosome-coated small interfering RNA of AIMP1 effectively suppressed MM progression and osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions:Our data demonstrate that AIMP1 is a novel regulator of histone H3 acetylation interacting with ANP32A in MM,which accelerates MM malignancy via activation of the MAPK signaling pathway.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172826).
文摘Recently,increasing natural infection cases and experimental animal challenge studies demonstrated domestic cats are susceptible to multiple subtypes influenza A virus(IAV)infections.Notably,some subtype IAV strains could circulate in domestic cats after cross-species transmission and even infected humans,posing a threat to public health.Host factors related to viral polymerase activity could determine host range of IAV and acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32(ANP32)is the most important one among them.However,role of cat-derived ANP32 on viral polymerase activity and host range of IAV is still unknown.In the present study,a total of 10 feline ANP32(feANP32)splice variants(including 5 feANP32A,3 feANP32B,and 2 feANP32E)were obtained from domestic cats by RT-PCR.Sequence alignment results demonstrated amino acid deletions and/or insertions occurred among feANP32 variants,but all feANP32 proteins were primarily localized to cell nucleus.Minigenome replication systems for several representative IAV strains were established and the support ability of feANP32 on IAV polymerase activity was estimated.The results indicated that most feANP32A and feANP32B splice variants were able to support all the tested IAV strains,though the support activity of a single feANP32 protein on polymerase activity varied among different IAV strains.In addition,the role of feANP32 in supporting H3N2 canine influenza virus was determined by investigating viral replication in vitro.Collectively,our study systematically investigated the support activity of feANP32 on IAV,providing a clue for further exploring the mechanism of susceptibility of cats to IAV.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China to HL Chen and XJ Wang(31521005)HL Zhang(32002275)a Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province grant to HL Zhang(YQ2020C021).
文摘The acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 kDa(ANP32)family con sists of evolutionarily con served proteins of 220-291 amino acids characterized by an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain(LRR)and a C-terminal low-complexity acidic region(LCAR).ANP32 family proteins regulate a variety of physiological functions,including chromatin remodeling apoptosis and nervous system development.Abnormal ANP32 expression is closely related to tumori-genesis.In recent years,the role of ANP32 family proteins in viral infections has received considerable attention due to their activity supporting influenza virus replication and restriction of virus cross-species transmission.Moreover,ANP32 proteins are closely related to the replication of HIV and nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses(NNSVs).In this review,the general physiological functions of ANP32 family proteins,as well as their roles in virus replication,are summarized in detail.
文摘人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(Human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)是人获得性免疫缺陷综合征即艾滋病(AIDS)的病原,HIV-1感染人类免疫细胞,渐进性地破坏免疫系统,最终引发艾滋病。ANP32A (酸性核磷蛋白32A)与ANP32B同属于ANP32蛋白家族,是近几年新发现的与流感病毒复制相关的宿主蛋白。前期有研究证明宿主因子ANP32A/B是A型流感病毒聚合酶发挥功能所必需的宿主因子,并揭示了其与聚合酶相互作用的关键位点,为新型抗流感药物及转基因动物的研发提供了有效靶点(Zhang H et al. Journal of Virology 2019)。
文摘【目的】明确鸡ANP32家族蛋白的亚细胞定位及在不同月龄鸡免疫器官中的表达特征,为后续研究鸡ANP32家族蛋白与新城疫病毒(NDV)复制及其致病性的关系打下基础。【方法】分别构建鸡ANP32家族基因重组真核表达载体,转染HEK-293T细胞后进行诱导表达,利用Western blotting检测融合蛋白表达情况,并通过荧光观察分析融合蛋白亚细胞定位;同时采用实时荧光定量PCR检测ANP32家族基因在1~6月龄鸡免疫器官(脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊)中的表达水平。【结果】成功构建了鸡ANP32家族基因重组真核表达载体pEGFP-C1-ANP32A、pEGFP-C1-ANP32B和pEGFP-C1-ANP32E,转染HEK-293T细胞后得到正确表达,获得携带EGFP标签的融合蛋白EGFP-ANP32A、EGFPANP32B和EGFP-ANP32E,其分子量分别为60.0、57.9和56.9 k D。亚细胞定位分析结果表明,融合蛋白EGFP-ANP32A、EGFP-ANP32B和EGFP-ANP32E的荧光与细胞核荧光完全重合,即主要定位在细胞核。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果表明,ANP32家族基因在1~6月龄鸡免疫器官(脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊)中均有表达,且在不同免疫器官中的表达水平存在差异;ANP32A和ANP32E基因在1~6月龄鸡免疫器官中呈先上升后下降的表达趋势,且在2月龄免疫器官中的相对表达量达峰值;ANP32B基因的表达则呈下降趋势,以1月龄鸡免疫器官中的相对表达量最高。【结论】鸡ANP32家族蛋白主要定位于细胞核,且ANP32家族基因在不同月龄鸡免疫器官中均有表达,但这3个基因具有独特的表达特征,其表达差异与免疫器官发育及免疫功能间的关系有待进一步探究。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China to HL Zhang(32002275)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China to HL Zhang(YQ2020C021).
文摘Host ANP32 family proteins are crucial for maintaining the activity of influenza RNA polymerase and play an important role in the cross-species transmission of influenza viruses.To date,the molecular properties of equine ANP32(eqANP32)protein are poorly understood,particularly the mechanisms that affect equine influenza virus(EIV)RNA polymerase activity.Here,we found that there are six alternative splicing variants of equine ANP32A(eqANP32A)with different levels of expression.Further studies showed that these six splicing variants of eqANP32A supported the activity of EIV RNA polymerase to varying degrees,with the variant eqANP32A_X2 having the highest expression abundance and exhibiting the highest support of polymerase activity.Sequence analysis demonstrated that the differences in the N-Cap regions of the six splicing variants significantly affected their N-terminal conformation,but did not affect their ability to bind RNA polymerase.We also demonstrated that there is only one transcript of eqANP32B,and that this transcript showed only very low support to the EIV RNA polymerase.This functional defect in eqANP32B is caused by the sequence of the 110–259 amino acids at its Cterminus.Our results indicated that it is the eqANP32A_X2 protein that mainly determines the efficiency of the EIV replication in horses.In conclusion,our study parsed the molecular properties of eqANP32 family proteins and revealed the sequence features of eqANP32A and eqANP32B,suggesting for the first time that the N-Cap region of ANP32A protein also plays an important role in supporting the activity of the influenza virus polymerase.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82173849Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20200097+1 种基金Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsJiangsu Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program,Grant/Award Numbers:KYCX21_1769,KYCX20_1451。
文摘Background:Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematological malignancy.An overwhelming majority of patients with MM progress to serious osteolytic bone disease.Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein 1(AIMP1)participates in several steps during cancer development and osteoclast differentiation.This study aimed to explore its role in MM.Methods:The gene expression profiling cohorts of MM were applied to determine the expression of AIMP1 and its association with MM patient prognosis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting were used to detect AIMP1 expression.Protein chip analysis,RNA-sequencing,and chromatin immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing were employed to screen the interacting proteins and key downstream targets of AIMP1.The impact of AIMP1 on cellular proliferation was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay in vitro and a xenograft model in vivo.Bone lesions were evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining in vitro.A NOD/SCID-TIBIA mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of siAIMP1-loaded exosomes on bone lesion formation in vivo.Results:AIMP1 expression was increased in MM patients and strongly associated with unfavorable outcomes.Increased AIMP1 expression promoted MM cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.Protein chip assays and subsequent experiments revealed that AIMP1 interacted with acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A(ANP32A)to regulate histone H3 acetylation.In addition,AIMP1 increased histone H3 acetylation enrichment function of GRB2-associated and regulator of MAPK protein 2(GAREM2)to increase the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2(p-ERK1/2).Furthermore,AIMP1 promoted osteoclast differentiation by activating nuclear factor of activated T cells c1(NFATc1)in vitro.In contrast,exosome-coated small interfering RNA of AIMP1 effectively suppressed MM progression and osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions:Our data demonstrate that AIMP1 is a novel regulator of histone H3 acetylation interacting with ANP32A in MM,which accelerates MM malignancy via activation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
