Transmission Characteristic Simulation of High Frequency Acousto-Optic Modulators

The way by which one can make sure the operating mode of the modulation is by observing the Comsol results of the designed model of proposed acousto-optic modulator (AOM). These results include the pressure distribution, sound pressure distribution, stress distribution at piezoelectric, far-field analysis that describes the diffracted light orders, and electric potential versus light frequency. Throughout the simulating process of modulator operating using Comsol, it begins when the RF is power by a voltage of 100 V, the light is then split into first ordered diffraction, which implies that the modulator is in the operating mode. The use of semiconductor materials is due to its smaller gap that easily transfers the energy that leads to generating first order diffraction when they provided a voltage power. It mentioned that zero order diffraction indicates the modulator does not run;other orders are appearing with increasing the frequency of light leading to decrease of the efficiency of the modulator performance.

Acousto-optic modulator-based bi-frequency interferometer for quantum technology

We demonstrate a high-performance acousto-optic modulator-based bi-frequency interferometer,which can realize either beating or beating free interference for a single-photon level quantum state.Visibility and optical efficiency of the interferometer are(99.5±0.2)%and(95±1)%,respectively.The phase of the interferometer is actively stabilized by using a dithering phase-locking scheme,where the phase dithering is realized by directly driving the acousto-optic modulators with a specially designed electronic signal.We further demonstrate applications of the interferometer in quantum technology,including bi-frequency coherent combination,frequency tuning,and optical switching.These results show the interferometer is a versatile device for multiple quantum technologies.

Spectral analysis of the UFBG-based acousto optical modulator in V–I transmission matrix formalism

In this study, the V-I transmission matrix formalism （V-I method） is proposed to analyze the spectrum characteristics of the uniform fiber Bragg grating （FBG）-based acousto--opfic modulators （UFBG-AOM）. The simulation results demon- strate that both the amplitude of the acoustically induced strain and the frequency of the acoustic wave （AW） have an effect on the spectrum. Additionally, the wavelength spacing between the primary reflectivity peak and the secondary reflectivity peak is proportional to the acoustic frequency with the ratio 0.1425 nm/MHz. Meanwhile, we compare the amount of calculation. For the FBG whose period is M, the calculation of the V-I method is 4 × （2M-l） in addition/subtraction, 8 × （2M - 1） in multiply/division and 2M in exponent arithmetic, which is almost a quarter of the multi-film method and transfer matrix （TM） method. The detailed analysis indicates that, compared with the conventional multi-film method and transfer matrix （TM） method, the V-I method is faster and less complex.

Serrated periodic electrode for high energy efficiency and large bandwidth acousto-optic modulators

In an acousto-optic modulator,the electrode shape plays an important role in performance,since it affects the distribution of the acoustic field.The acousto-optic modulator based on the conventional rectangular electrode has the problems of low energy efficiency and small modulation bandwidth due to an imperfect acoustic field.In this paper,a new serrated periodic electrode has been proposed for using acousto-optic modulator transducers.The proposed electrode has the following advantages.By using serrated periodic electrodes to suppress the sidelobes,the collimation of the acoustic field in the direction perpendicular to the light incidence is improved.This makes the acousto-optic modulator have a stable diffraction efficiency fluctuation and high energy efficiency.In addition,the electrode has a large divergence angle in the direction of light incidence,so a large bandwidth can be obtained.The simulations and experiments demonstrate that the serrated periodic electrode has an increased bandwidth and high energy efficiency.

Acousto-optic Devices: Theory and Applications

The basics and applications of acousto-optic devices are described.The applications include acousto-optic spectrum analyzer,acousto-optic deflector,acousto-optic processors and acousto-optic digital matrix computer.

Mid-infrared lightly Er^(3+)-doped CaF_(2)laser under acousto–optical modulation

A 1.7-at.%Er:CaF_(2)crystal was synthesized by temperature gradient method.The Er:CaF_(2)crystal was applied in acousto-optically Q-switched laser at mid-infrared region for the first time.Using a Te O_(2)-based crystal as Q-switcher,we obtained a laser diode(LD)end-pumped Er:CaF_(2)laser with the highest single pulse energy up to 0.49 mJ and maximum peak power of 0.56 kW under 6.34-W absorbed pump power.The implication of these results is that the low-doped Er:CaF_(2)crystal exhibits promising optical properties in solid-state lasers.

基于AOM的CPT原子钟差分降噪实验研究

本文提出了一种降低相干布居囚禁CPT(coherent population trapping)原子钟噪声,提高短期稳定度的方法。在我们的实验装置中,经过AOM而产生的两束光通过同一个原子气室。一束圆偏振光用于产生CPT,另一束线偏振光只发生共振吸收,两者差分就可以消除共模噪声。通过AOM射频开关的打开和关闭,可以完成传统CPT原子钟和差分检测方案之间的转换,便于进行对照实验。实验结果表明,差分检测方案将原子钟的百秒稳定度提高了1.4倍。

彩色合成中AOM设计分析

利用铌酸锂晶体为压电换能器,熔石英为声光互作用介质,研制出调制速度为32MHz、工作频率为180MHz、渡越时间为15ns、用于RGB彩色合成中的的声光调制器,文中主要讨论和分析了Q参数与调制器中心工作频率、换能器长度的关系;讨论了R参数对衍射光束形状的影响及与衍射效率的关系,还讨论并确定了换能器最佳尺寸,经测试,高速率声光调制器衍射效率为47%,并测试了调制速度。

Subnanosecond KTiOPO4 optical parametric oscillator intracavity pumped by a Kerr-lens, mode-locked YVO4/Nd:YVO4 laser coupled with an acousto-optic modulator

A Kerr-lens, mode-locked YVO4∕Nd:YVO4laser coupled with an acousto-optic modulator（AOM） Q-switching near1064 nm was employed to pump an intracavity KTi OPO4（KTP） optical parametric oscillator. A subnanosecond signal wave near 1572 nm with low repetition rate was realized. At an AOM repetition rate of 8 kHz, the maximum output power was 165 mW. The highest average pulse energy, the shortest duration, and the highest peak power of a mode-locking signal pulse were estimated to be ～10.3 μJ, ～120 ps, and ～82 kW, respectively.

All-fiber acousto-optic modulator based on a cladding-etched optical fiber for active mode-locking

An all-fiber acousto-optic modulator(AOM), which features a compact structure and a low-driving voltage, is experimentally demonstrated for the active mode-locking of a fiber laser. The proposed AOM is based on the short length of the cladding-etched fiber, the ends of which are fixed on a slide glass. On top of the cladding-etched fiber, a piezoelectric transducer was overlaid. A chemical wet-etching technique, which is based on a mixed solution of NH_4F and (NH_4)2SO_4, is used to reduce the fiber diameter down to ～25 μm, and the length of the etched section is only 0.5 cm. The fabricated device exhibited a modulation depth of 73.10% at an acoustic frequency of 918.9 kHz and a peak-to-peak electrical voltage of 10 V, while a laser beam was coupled at 1560 nm.By using the prepared AOM within an erbium-doped-fiber ring cavity, the mode-locked pulses with a temporalwidth of 2.66 ps were readily obtained at a repetition rate of 1.838 MHz.

一种高性能的光纤声光调制器级联模块

通过采用外部时钟、双路延时可调等技术,得到了一款工作波长1550 nm、移频频率80 MHz、插入损耗5.4 dB、消光比>100 dB、脉冲抖动1.8 ns的高性能光纤声光调制器级联模块。采用该级联模块搭建了M-Z干涉光路,得到了稳定的干涉波形。结果表明,该级联模块可提升光脉冲消光比,同时能有效地提升干涉波形的稳定性,对微弱信号探测的外差激光相干探测系统性能提升有一定的促进作用。

Acousto-optical modulation of thin film lithium niobate waveguide devices

Due to its strong piezoelectric effect and photo-elastic property, lithium niobate is widely used for acousto-optical applications. However, conventional bulk lithium niobate waveguide devices exhibit a large footprint and limited light–sound interaction resulting from the weak guiding of light. Here, we report the first acousto-optical modulators with surface acoustic wave generation, phononic cavity, and low-loss photonic waveguide devices monolithically integrated on a 500 nm thick film of lithium niobate on an insulator. Modulation efficiency was optimized by properly arranging the propagation directions of surface acoustic waves and optical guided modes.The effective photo-elastic coefficient extracted by comparing the first and third harmonic modulation signals from an on-chip Mach–Zehnder interferometer indicates the excellent acousto-optical properties of lithium niobate are preserved in the thin film implementation. Such material property finding is of crucial importance in designing various types of acousto-optical devices. Much stronger amplitude modulation was achieved in a high Q(>300,000) optical resonator due to the higher optical sensitivity. Our results pave the path for developing novel acousto-optical devices using thin film lithium niobate.

移频式全息光栅曝光干涉条纹锁定系统的设计

建立了移频式全息光栅曝光干涉条纹锁定系统以提高全息光栅槽型对比度并降低由外部环境造成的曝光干涉条纹相位移动。根据系统的组成原理,分析了相位测量系统中莫尔条纹的产生条件及其与干涉条纹相位变化的关系,给出了探测器的选择方法。根据系统精度要求计算了A/D转换位数,自行设计了数字控制系统。提出采用光束移频方法来调整条纹相位,应用声光调制器对干涉条纹移动进行实时校正。实验结果表明,该系统采样频率可以达到5kHz,对干涉条纹漂移和10Hz以下的低频振动都有较好的抑制作用,相位变化3σ值小于0.12rad,即相位变化小于±0.02个干涉条纹周期。该系统可以实时有效地锁定曝光干涉条纹,较好地满足全息曝光的要求。

干涉条纹相位锁定系统

干涉曝光系统中干涉条纹的相位漂移会导致曝光对比度降低,为了有效抑制相位漂移,利用声光调制器对干涉光频率进行实时调制。分析了条纹漂移的特点,指出了主要干扰源是0~5 Hz的空气扰动。应用数值分析法得到了条纹漂移量与曝光对比度的关系曲线,并以此为依据提出了条纹锁定精度的目标值。针对所要达到的锁定精度,给出了系统硬件的选型方法,搭建了基于RTX的干涉条纹相位锁定系统。利用闭环辨识的方法得到了系统的参数模型,完成了反馈控制器的设计,最终实现了实时锁定条纹相位的功能。实验结果表明,在400Hz的控制频率下,干涉锁定系统能够有效抑制0~5Hz的低频扰动,干涉条纹相位漂移的3σ值可以控制在±0.04个条纹周期内,满足干涉光刻的曝光对比度要求。

激光多普勒测量自适应陷波器去噪研究

针对激光多普勒测量中声光调制、电光调制等引入的多频率噪音干扰 ,提出一种兼顾收敛性、鲁棒稳定性的自适应陷波器去噪方法 .并在时域内研究自适应陷波器算法及其构造 ,最后给出了仿真实例 .该算法不需具体的激光多普勒测试系统模型 ,方法简单 ,易于实现 ,试验结果表明了该方法的有效性 .

基于声驻波原理的高频声光正弦调制器

介绍了一种基于声驻波原理研制的高频声光正弦调制器,分析了声驻波在晶体中形成的相位光栅的周期性变化特征,介绍了该高频声光正弦调制器的设计原理并对其性能进行了测试和分析。该声光正弦调制器调制频率达到300 MHz,驱动源结构简单,易于制作。

光纤声光调制器在超快光纤激光的试验及应用

该文介绍了应用于超快光纤激光系统中起选单、降频作用的光纤声光调制器的设计思路及应用试验,描述了声光调制器的工作原理。在46.6 MHz重频的超快激光脉冲下实现了同步、分频、模拟调制等功能,满足用户使用要求,并研制出光脉冲上升时间10ns,插损小于3dB的声光选单器产品。

二极管泵浦固体激光器与声光调制器的光学匹配设计

在微弱光信号的测量中 ,若使用固体绿激光作光源 ,目前较好的高频调制方法是声光调制 .考虑到这种固体激光器光束发散角较大以及声光调制器本身的使用要求 ,从高斯光束的传播规律出发 ,通过计算设计了一个光学系统 ,实现了频率在 15MHz以上的光强调制 ,获得了较高的衍射效率 .

提高声光调Q光纤激光器输出功率的关键因素分析

声光调Q光纤激光器具有所需驱动调制电压很低,容易实现对连续激光调Q获得高重复频率脉冲输出的特点。介绍了声光调Q光纤激光器的原理,并对影响它性能的几个重要因素如自发辐射的放大、泵浦功率和速率、光纤的选择、声光Q开关的重复频率等主要因素做理论分析,提出了优化这些因素的方法。

An acousto-optic Q-switched fiber laser using China-made double-cladding fiber

A simple laser-diode pumped acoustic-optic Q-switched fiber laser is reported by using China-made largemode-area ytterbium-doped fiber. Q-switched pulses with a beam quality factor of M^2 ≈ 2 and several hundred nanoseconds pulse duration are achieved at the repetition rate of 1 - 50 kHz. When the repetition rate is 1 kHz, the pulse energy is 0.93 mJ with the pulse duration of 132 ns. Meanwhile, the profile of laser pulses shows some mode-locking phenomena, the mechanism of the phenomena is discussed.