为了揭示花分生组织决定基因AP1(APETALA1)的分子机制以及物种间的进化关系,从GenBank数据库挑选8个不同植物AP1基因编码序列,利用R软件分别计算GC含量、有效密码子数(Effective number of codons,ENC)、同义密码子相对使用度(Relative ...为了揭示花分生组织决定基因AP1(APETALA1)的分子机制以及物种间的进化关系,从GenBank数据库挑选8个不同植物AP1基因编码序列,利用R软件分别计算GC含量、有效密码子数(Effective number of codons,ENC)、同义密码子相对使用度(Relative synonymous codon usage,RSCU)、相对密码子使用偏好性(Relative codon usage bias,RCBS)等参数,分析比较不同植物AP1基因密码子使用模式中密码子偏好性和碱基组成动力学。结果表明,不同植物AP1基因密码子使用受到GC偏好性(GCbias)影响,特别是GC3s;大多数最优密码子偏好使用以A/U结尾,其中不同植物AP1基因中ACA、AUA和CAG均表现为较高的RSCU值,为最优势密码子;芍药(Paeonia lactiflora)和牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)AP1基因的密码子使用特点相似,碧桃(Prunus persica)和苹果(Malus×domestica)相似;较低的最优密码子频率Fop值和较高的ENC值暗示了不同植物AP1基因在密码子使用中具有一个较弱的偏好性。展开更多
A reliable,efficient anther culture system,the dominant technique for generating haploid plants in breeding programs,that can be used for generating transgenic poplar plants has been needed.In the present study,theref...A reliable,efficient anther culture system,the dominant technique for generating haploid plants in breeding programs,that can be used for generating transgenic poplar plants has been needed.In the present study,therefore,an anther culture system was developed using isolated mid-and late-uninucleate anthers of poplar(Populus simonii x P.nigra).From a combination of SSR and ploidy analyses,six double haploid and two haploid lines were characterized from 86 plants grown from 16 regenerated anther cultured lines.After 48 months of development,two plant lines from the regenerated plants maintained their haploid level in vitro for over 2 years.A number of haploid plants from the different lines weretransferred to soil.The leaves of these transplants were then used as explants for transformation with the APETALA1(AP1) gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Overexpression of AP1 in haploid poplar induced early flowering with obvious petals when ectopically expressed.To our knowledge,this is the first report on changes in flowering time in AP1-trangenic poplar,which is important for elucidating the regulatory mechanism of tree flower development.展开更多
金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)是药用和观赏两用植物,其花型独特,色彩艳丽,是花卉市场上广受欢迎的春石斛兰品种之一。ABC模型中的A类基因参与花序分化和第一、二轮花器官的决定和发育,然而目前对春石斛兰中该类基因及其调控花发育的功...金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)是药用和观赏两用植物,其花型独特,色彩艳丽,是花卉市场上广受欢迎的春石斛兰品种之一。ABC模型中的A类基因参与花序分化和第一、二轮花器官的决定和发育,然而目前对春石斛兰中该类基因及其调控花发育的功能研究甚少。本研究从金钗石斛中克隆获得了1个与拟南芥A类基因AP1(APETALA1)同源的基因DnAPL1(APETALA1 LIKE 1),并推测其编码1个含247个氨基酸的蛋白。RT-qPCR检测显示该基因在金钗石斛中广泛表达,其中叶片的积累量最高;随着花芽的分化和发育,其表达水平逐渐升高。在野生型拟南芥中过表达DnAPL1可以增强FT表达,促使其提前开花;同时,过表达植株的萼片、花瓣等花器官的数量、形态或着生方式发生变化,幼嫩茎生叶呈现勺状。以拟南芥ap1-1突变体为背景的互补实验表明DnAPL1可以部分补偿该突变体的花型突变表型。本研究结果证实DnAPL1既参与开花时间的调控,也参与叶片、萼片和花瓣的发育。展开更多
基金supported by The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572015EA01)the Innovation Project of State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Northeast Forestry University+1 种基金grant number 2013A04)Natural Science Fund of Heilongjiang Province(No.QC2015035)
文摘A reliable,efficient anther culture system,the dominant technique for generating haploid plants in breeding programs,that can be used for generating transgenic poplar plants has been needed.In the present study,therefore,an anther culture system was developed using isolated mid-and late-uninucleate anthers of poplar(Populus simonii x P.nigra).From a combination of SSR and ploidy analyses,six double haploid and two haploid lines were characterized from 86 plants grown from 16 regenerated anther cultured lines.After 48 months of development,two plant lines from the regenerated plants maintained their haploid level in vitro for over 2 years.A number of haploid plants from the different lines weretransferred to soil.The leaves of these transplants were then used as explants for transformation with the APETALA1(AP1) gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Overexpression of AP1 in haploid poplar induced early flowering with obvious petals when ectopically expressed.To our knowledge,this is the first report on changes in flowering time in AP1-trangenic poplar,which is important for elucidating the regulatory mechanism of tree flower development.
文摘金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)是药用和观赏两用植物,其花型独特,色彩艳丽,是花卉市场上广受欢迎的春石斛兰品种之一。ABC模型中的A类基因参与花序分化和第一、二轮花器官的决定和发育,然而目前对春石斛兰中该类基因及其调控花发育的功能研究甚少。本研究从金钗石斛中克隆获得了1个与拟南芥A类基因AP1(APETALA1)同源的基因DnAPL1(APETALA1 LIKE 1),并推测其编码1个含247个氨基酸的蛋白。RT-qPCR检测显示该基因在金钗石斛中广泛表达,其中叶片的积累量最高;随着花芽的分化和发育,其表达水平逐渐升高。在野生型拟南芥中过表达DnAPL1可以增强FT表达,促使其提前开花;同时,过表达植株的萼片、花瓣等花器官的数量、形态或着生方式发生变化,幼嫩茎生叶呈现勺状。以拟南芥ap1-1突变体为背景的互补实验表明DnAPL1可以部分补偿该突变体的花型突变表型。本研究结果证实DnAPL1既参与开花时间的调控,也参与叶片、萼片和花瓣的发育。
