Aphrodisiac potentials of the aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis(Schweinf.Ex Hiern) stem in male albino rats

Aim： To evaluate the phytochemical constituents and the agrestis （Rubiaceae） stem in male albino rats. Methods： aphrodisiac potential of the aqueous extract of Fadogia The aqueous stem extract of the plant was screened for phytochemical constituents. Male rats were orally dosed with 18 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, of the extract at 24 h intervals and their sexual behavior parameters and serum testosterone concentration were evaluated at days 1, 3 and 5. Results： Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids and saponins while anthraquinones and flavonoids are weakly present. All the doses resulted in significant increase in mount frequency, intromission frequency and significantly prolonged the ejaculatory latency （P 〈 0.05） and reduced mount and intromission latency （P 〈 0.05）. There was also a significant increase in serum testosterone concentrations in all the groups in a manner suggestive of dose-dependence （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem increased the blood testosterone concentrations and this may be the mechanism responsible for its aphrodisiac effects and various masculine behaviors. It may be used to modify impaired sexual functions in animals, especially those arising from hypotestosteronemia.

Aphrodisiac Activity of Aqueous Extract of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>Pollen in Male Rats

Aim of study: Ancient literature alluded to the use of a number of plants/preparations as sex enhancer. One of such botanicals is Phoenix dactylifera in which the pollen grain has been acclaimed to be used as an aphrodisiac. However, the validity has not been scientifically tested. Dopamine is known to facilitate male sexual function. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera pollen on the sexual behavior of male rats and to measure of serum Estradiol and Testostrone. Also, dopamine transmission in the nucleus accumbence (NAc) was studied in male rats using in vivo microdialysis. Methods and Materials: sixty male rats were randomized into 6 groups (A-F). Group A received 0.2 ml of Normal Saline mixed with Dimethyl Sulphate (DMSO), while groups B-F were injected same volume containing 35 mg/kg, 70 mg/kg, 105 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg of DPP extract, respectively. Sexual behavioral parameters including mounting, intromission and ejaculation frequencies and latencies were recorded in male rats one hour after injection of extract by mating with a receptive female (1:1). The male serum testosterone and estradiol concentrations were also determined. Results: All doses stimulated male sexual behavior. Extract significantly increased mount, ejaculation, intromission frequencies and ejaculation latency in comparison to controlled ones (p 0.001). Mount and intromission latencies significantly reduced (p 0.001). Maximum effect was observed in dose 140 mg/kg. This extract was found to enhance Testestrone, Estradiol and the orientation of males toward female ones by increasing mounting and ano-genital investigatory behavior. Conclusions: Data from this study identified that the aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera pollen grain enhanced sexual behaviour in male rats. The improved sexual appetitive behaviour in male rats may be attributed, to the alkaloids, saponins, and or flavonoids since these phytochemicals has engorgement, androgen enhancing. Also, our findings support the traditional use of this plant as acclaimed aphrodisiac and for the treatment of pre-ejaculation and impotency.

Effect of lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Aquilaria subintegra on aphrodisiacproperties in mice

Objective: To investigate the effects of Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts on the aphrodisiac properties including sexual behaviour, testosterone level, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring and male to female ratio of offspring in ICR mice. Methods: In this experiment, each male cohabitated with one female in a polysulfone cage. 30 ICR male mice were divided into 6 groups that received normal saline (the control group), 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg body weight of Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts orally for 21 days consecutively. Sexual behavior, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring and male to female ratio of offspring in ICR mice were measured according to the established methods. Testosterone level was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Mice that received Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts at 50 mg/kg body weight (day 0) had significantly higher mount frequency as compared to the control group;groups treated with 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg body weight extracts produced a greater number of offsprings when compared to the control group. All aphrodisiac parameters were similar between the treatment groups and the control group, indicating that Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extract did not significantly alter the aphrodisiac parameters. Conclusions: Aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts have no effect on the aphrodisiac properties, but could increase the breeding rate in mice.

A summary of the pharmacologically tested aphrodisiac plants for sexual dysfunction

Sexual dysfunction is a disruption of normal sexual intercourse and may be a consequence of various organic and psychological disorders. It is the most frequent at patients with cardiovascular and neurological diseases, sedentary lifestyle, arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome, and may disrupt their emotional life. But, sexual dysfunction may occur simply because of the physical aging of the body. Physiologic changes that occur with aging will aff ect sexual function and could be exacerbated by the above-mentioned diseases. Except for the sexual counseling and standard medications (phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5)– inhibitors, local estrogen therapy), some of the herbal medicines (aphrodisiacs) may be helpful in the treatment of these patients making them emotionally younger and happier. In this review, we bring a list of the pharmacologically tested aphrodisiac plants. But, we have a lack of information about their mechanisms of action, drug interaction and safety profi le. Until the relevant information is collected, uses of these products may be risky to the human being and should be prescribed only in consultation with a specialist.

催情微粉对蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响

为研究催情微粉对蛋鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响,选用630只海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只。空白对照组不添加任何药物,催情散组在饲粮中添加2%催情散,蛋鸡宝组在饲粮中添加2%蛋鸡宝,4个催情微粉组分别在饲粮中添加0.25%、0.5%、1%、2%催情微粉。试验期为21 d。结果显示,与空白对照组相比,1%催情微粉组、2%催情微粉组、2%催情散组、2%蛋鸡宝组产蛋率均显著上升(P<0.05),产砂壳蛋率、畸形蛋率、白壳蛋率显著下降(P<0.05),但各用药组间差异不显著。综上所述,在本试验条件下,1%催情微粉、2%催情微粉均可改善蛋鸡产蛋率和蛋品质,但二者之间效果差异不显著。因此,从经济性方面考虑,推荐添加1%催情微粉。

催情散中总多糖、总黄酮及4种活性成分的含量测定

建立催情散中总多糖、总黄酮含量测定方法,并建立同时测定朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷有效成分含量方法,为催情散的质量控制提供全面的依据。运用比色法测定催情散中总多糖和总黄酮的含量,应用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析催情散中主要成分并测定其含量。不同生产厂家的催情散中主要化学成分的含量存在一定差异,催情散中总多糖平均含量为3.35%,总黄酮平均含量为1.30%,催情散中朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷的平均含量分别为0.0137%、0.0131%、0.1106%、0.0764%。建立了催情散中总多糖、总黄酮及4种活性成分测定方法,此方法具有较好的稳定性和重复性,可以作为催情散质量控制的标准。

UPLC-MS/MS测定代用茶中98种非法添加化学药物

目的 建立一种基于UPLC-MS/MS平台同时测定代用茶中98种非法添加化学物质的筛查方法。方法 样品采用50%甲醇溶液超声提取,以ACQUITY?HSS T3(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)为色谱柱,以乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)-10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)作为流动相,采用ESI离子源正负离子模式进行多反应监测(MRM)扫描,通过保留时间、质谱母离子及碎片离子确定非法添加的化学物质。结果 所测的98种化合物均在相应的线性范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r≥0.995),在1.0,5.0,25.0 ng/ml 3个浓度水平上回收率在60.1%~125.8%之间,检出限为0.0031~0.3432μg/g,定量限为0.0102~1.1440μg/g,分析时间为35 min。结论 该方法简捷、高效,能较好地针对代用茶中风险较高的98种非法添加化合物进行筛查,为代用茶的监管提供了有力的技术支撑。

Aphrodisiac activity of aqueous extract of Anthonotha macrophylla P.Beauv.leaves in female Wistar rats

OBJECTIVE： This study investigated the aphrodisiac activity of aqueous extract of Anthonotha macrophylla leaves （AEAML） in female Wistar rats. METHODS： Thirty female rats were assigned into five groups of six animals each, such that rats in groups A, B, C, D and E received orally 1 mL of distilled water only, 5.7 mg/kg body weight （BW） of Exus Ginseng （a polyherbal formulation）, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of AEAML, respectively. After 1 h of treatment, female sexual behaviour parameters were monitored for 30 min. Luteinizing hormone （LH）, follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）, estradiol （E） and testosterone were also determined using standard methods. RESULTS： Six secondary metabolites were detected in AEAML with alkaloids （13.00 mg/L） being the highest. AEAML at 25 and 50 mg/kg BW significantly （P〈0.05） increased the darting frequency, hopping frequency, lordosis frequency, anogenital grooming, genital grooming and licking behaviour, whereas the darting latency, hopping latency and lordosis latency decreased （P〈0.05） in a manner comparable with Exus Ginseng. The 25 and 50 mg/kg BW of AEAML increased （P〈0.05） the serum concentrations of FSH, LH and E, like Exus Ginseng, whereas testosterone content was not altered （P〉0.05）. The 100 mg/kg BW of AEAML did not alter （P〉0.05） the sexual behaviour parameters, serum FSH, LH and E contents, whereas testosterone content increased significantly. The ovarian histology of the animals treated with Exus Ginseng, AEAML at 25 and 50 mg/kg BW revealed developing and ruptured follicles with numerous corpora lutea in the stroma, whereas the 100 mg/kg BW of AEAML produced fewer follicles and corpora lutea. CONCLUSION： The enhanced proceptive, receptive and orientation components of the female sexual behaviour by the 25 and 50 mg/kg BW of AEAML confers sexual invigorating potential on the plant. This study thus justifies the folkloric claim of the plant as a female aphrodisiac.

Cardiovascular Protection and Possible Mechanism of Aphrodisiac Action of Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng

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自拟处方及催情散对种公牛肾阳虚证的临床疗效观察

该文探讨自拟处方与催情散对肾阳虚证种公牛的临床疗效。选取30头肾阳虚证西门塔尔种公牛随机分为3组,精料中分别添加等量自拟处方、催情散,空白组添加等量的精饲料。连续饲喂28 d,期间保证每周2次采精。采精237次,累计614 mL精液,自拟处方组与对照组相比精液量显著增加(P<0.01),自拟处方组与催情散组对比对照组精液活力显著增加(P<0.01),自拟处方组、催情散组相比对照组畸形率显著降低(P<0.01),自拟处方组相比催情散组畸形率显著降低(P<0.01)。自拟处方与催情散都能在精液量、精液活力、畸形率方面改善公牛精液品质,自拟处方对种公牛肾阳虚证治疗效果整体优于催情散。

补肾壮阳类中成药中15种非法添加化学药物的检测方法研究

为了建立一种高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测补肾壮阳中成药中15种非法添加化学药物的方法。将试样经乙腈超声萃取,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相,通过液质色谱柱进行分离,并进行梯度洗脱,对15种化学物质进行测定。经检测15种化学物质在4.574~223.552 ng/mL范围内呈现出良好线性关系,相关系数(R^(2))均在0.996以上;平均回收率为84.6%~115.3%;精密度为0.14%~0.52%,RSD为0.66%~1.48%;检出限为0.024~0.334 ng/mL;定量限为0.072~1.002 ng/mL。该方法精确度高,灵敏度强,专属性好,检测下限低,可用于补肾壮阳一类中成药中15种非法添加化学药物的定性检测和含量检测。

滋补壮阳类蒙药研究进展

蒙医药是中国传统医药之一,是中华民族非物质文化的重要组成部分。通过长期的生产生活实践和与疾病的斗争,蒙古族人民创造出了一种适合游牧生活的、具有地方民族特色的医药。其中滋补壮阳类蒙药应用广泛,即凡是能够增强营养、补益壮阳、强身健体、提高抗病能力的药物。这类药味甘,效腻而营养丰富,可分为滋补药和强身药两大类。滋补主要用于身体虚弱,患有慢性疾病,年老体弱多病的人。壮阳的药物主要用于肾阳衰微、性欲淡漠、阳痿早泄、宫冷不育等,将滋补药与壮阳药在临床上结合应用,提高其疗效。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定减肥及壮阳类食品中27种非法添加物

本文建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法定性、定量测定减肥及壮阳类食品中27种非法添加物的方法。样品经超声提取后,采用Waters CORTECS T3(2.1 mm×100 mm×2.7µm)色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.3 mL/min;选择电喷雾离子源,多反应监测(MRM)的正离子模式进行检测。实验表明,27种化合物在0.05~20μg/L的浓度范围内线性关系良好,r值均大于0.997。在低油脂低蛋白食品、高油脂食品、高蛋白食品中,27种化合物的回收率分别在83.7%~104.1%、87.4%~103.8%、80.3%~104.4%之间,相对标准偏差分别在0.30%~8.6%、0.97%~6.4%、0.66%~5.7%之间,分特拉明的检出限和定量限分别为2.5μg/kg和5μg/kg,其他26种化合物的检出限和定量限分别为25μg/kg和50μg/kg。该方法前处理简单,准确度及灵敏度高,适用于减肥及壮阳类食品中27种非法添加物的定性定量测定。

健力生机本草菁萃安全性及补肾壮阳功效研究

目的:评价健力生机本草菁萃(JLSJ)的安全性和壮阳功效,初步探讨其作用机制。方法:安全性评价:将JLSJ按5、2.5、1.25 g/kg BW剂量(相当于人摄入量的100倍、50倍、25倍)对SD大鼠连续灌胃30天,观察各剂量组大鼠体质量、摄食量、食物利用率、血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器重量和脏/体比值等指标,以此判定JLSJ对大鼠有无明显毒性作用;壮阳功效实验:将SD大鼠分为正常组、阳性对照组和JLSJ低中高剂量组(0.05~0.3 g/mL),观察各组大鼠体质量、脏器指数、PEI值、阴茎勃起潜伏期、血清睾酮水平及精子活力等指标。结果:各剂量组大鼠体质量、摄食量、食物利用率、血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器质量和脏/体比值与阴性对照组比较,差异均无显著性意义;JLSJ各剂量组和阳性对照组与正常组相比,体质量和脏器系数增加,PEI值升高,阴茎勃起潜伏期缩短,血清睾酮水平与精子活力均升高。结论:JLSJ对大鼠无明显毒性,其壮阳功效与阳性对照药东革阿里相当甚至更好。

九香虫提取物的抗疲劳和补肾壮阳活性评价

目的:评价九香虫提取物的抗疲劳和补肾壮阳活性.方法:以九香虫水提取物低、高剂量组(1.4,7.0 g·kg^(-1))小鼠灌胃给药15 d后,测定了小鼠的力竭游泳时间、血清尿素氮和血乳酸含量等.皮下注射氢化可的松建立了小鼠的肾阳虚模型,九香虫提取物低、高剂量组连续灌胃30 d,检测了小鼠胸腺、脾脏、肾上腺、睾丸、精囊腺等脏器系数,以及交配能力(捕捉潜伏期、捕捉率、交配潜伏期、交配率等).结果:九香虫提取物高剂量组能显著降低小鼠血清乳酸和尿素含量,延长力竭游泳时间,具有明显的抗疲劳作用.高剂量组还能显著增加肾阳虚小鼠的免疫器官、睾丸和附性器官的脏器系数,提高交配能力,具有明显的补肾壮阳作用.结论:九香虫提取物具有明显的抗疲劳和补肾壮阳作用.

15种壮阳类保健品中西地那非和他达那非的含量分析

目的:了解市售壮阳保健品中非法添加西地那非和他达那非的情况,为安全监管提供依据。方法:随机抽检市售既非药品也非保健食品的15种壮阳产品,采用C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.01 mol·L-1醋酸铵溶液(65∶35),流速:1.0 ml·min-1;检测波长:284 nm;柱温为35℃。结果:15种产品均非法含有不同含量的西地那非和他达那非。结论:非法添加西药成分的现象在"三无"壮阳产品中普遍存在,监管部门应加强查处力度。

中药催情散的急性和亚慢性毒性研究

【目的】研究中药催情散对小鼠的急性毒性和对大鼠的亚慢性毒性,为催情散在奶牛持久黄体治疗中的应用提供参考。【方法】制备1g/mL(以生药计)的催情散药液,选取60只小鼠,随机分为6组,其中5个急性毒性试验组分别按20 000,16 000,12 800,10 240和8 192mg/kg剂量一次性灌服催情散药液,对照组灌服等体积自来水,连续观察7d,记录中毒症状和死亡数并计算半数致死量(LD50);另取20只小鼠随机分为给药组和对照组2组,给药组于12h内分3次给小鼠灌胃1g/mL催情散药液,每次灌胃体积为每20g体质量0.8mL(最大灌胃体积),对照组灌服等体积自来水,连续观察7d,记录中毒症状、死亡数并确定最大耐受量;取40只大鼠,随机分为催情散高、中、低剂量给药组和对照组,给药组分别按10 000,5 000和2 500mg/kg剂量灌服给药,对照组灌服等体积自来水,连续灌服30d,灌药前和灌药第7,14,21,28和30天称量大鼠体质量、检测血常规和血液生化指标、测定脏器系数并观察组织病理学变化情况。【结果】急性毒性试验各剂量组均无小鼠死亡,故无法计算LD50;小鼠对催情散的最大耐受量为120g/kg,表明该受试药物无毒。亚慢性毒性试验中,各给药组大鼠体质量、血常规、血液生化指标和脏器系数与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);病理剖检和组织切片观察发现,除了由于心脏采血导致部分心肌纤维出现坏死和间质血管出血外,其他各器官组织未见明显异常变化。【结论】中药催情散实际无毒,临床按推荐剂量使用不会对奶牛产生毒害作用。

母猪繁殖障碍治疗效果观察

利用西药冲洗子宫或子宫灌注、益母生化散与催情散拌料内服组成的"三联疗法"治疗母猪繁殖障碍,以激素疗法为对照组,评价"三联疗法"的治疗效果。结果表明,"三联疗法"的治愈率90.42%,疗程2d^7d,与对照组相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。"三联疗法"对母猪繁殖障碍具有较好的疗效,可以在临床上推广应用。

Effects of Terminalia catappa seeds on sexual behaviour and fertility of male rats

Aim: To evaluate the aphrodisiac potential of Terminalia catappa Linn. seeds using a suspension of its kernel (SS)in 1% methyl cellulose in rats. Methods: Male rots were orally treated with 1500 mg/kg or 3000 mg/kg SS or ve-hicle, and their sexual behaviour was monitored 3 h later using a receptive female. Another group of rats was orallytreated with either 3000 mg/kg SS or vehicle for 7 consecutive days. Their sexual behaviour and fertility were evaluatedon days 1, 4 and 7 of treatment and day 7 post-treatment by pairing overnight with a pro-oestrous female. Results:The 1500 mg/kg dose, had a marked aphrodisiac action (prolongation of ejaculation latency) but no effect on libido(% mounting, % intromission and % ejaculation), sexual vigour (mounting-and-intromission frequency), or sexualperformance (intercopulatory interval). In contrast, the higher dose (3000 mg/kg) reversibly inhibited all the para?e-ten of sexual behaviour other than mounting-and-intromission frequency and copulatory efficiency. The effects of highdose SS were not due to general toxicity, liver toxicity, haemotoxicity, stress, muscle deficiency, muscle incoordina-fion, analgesia, hypoglycaemia or reduction in blood testosterone level. They were due to marked sedation. Conclu-sion: The kernel of T. catappa seeds has aphrodisiac activity and may be useful in the treatment of certain forms ofsexual inadequacies, such as premature ejaculation.

Pedalium murex Linn.:An overview of its phytopharmacological aspects

Pedalium murex Linn(family:Pedaliaceae)(P.murex) commonly known as Large Caltrops and Gokhru(India) is a shrub found in the Southern part.Deccan region of India and in some parts of Ceylon.Different parts of the plant are used to treat various ailments like,cough,cold and as an antiseptic.Interestingly.P.murex is reported traditionally to have an excellent cure in patients with reproductive disorders which are mainly impotency in men.nocturnal emissions,gonorrhoea as well as leucorrhoea in women.The plant has also benifiled in complications like urinary track disorder as well as gastro intestinal tract disorders.Phytochemically the plant is popular for the presence of a considerable amount of diosgenin and vanillin which are regarded as an important source and useful starting materials for synthesizing steroidal contraceptive drugs and isatin alkaloids.Other phytochemicals reported in the plant includes quercetin.ursolic acid,caffeic acid,amino acids(glycine,histidine,tyrosine,threonine,aspartie acid and glutamic acid) and various classes of fatty acids(triacontanoic acid,nonacosane.tritriacontane.tetratriacontanyl and heptatriacontan-4-one).Pharmacologically,the plant have been investigated for antiulcerogenic. nephroprotective.hypolipidemic,aphrodisiac,antioxidant,antimicrobial and insecticidal activities.From all these reports it can be concluded that the plant were found to have a better profile with potential natural source for the treatment of various range of either acute or chronic disease.The overall database of our review article was collected from the scientific sources in regards with all the information ol the research article for P.murex published so far.