在塔里木油田测试作业中,出现诸如封隔器胶筒高温碳化失封、“O”密封圈气爆破损渗漏、高压差失封等问题,无法安全优质地完成超深超高压高温气井的测试需要。为提升井下测试工具耐温耐压性能,基于塔里木油田“十三五”以来超深高温高压...在塔里木油田测试作业中,出现诸如封隔器胶筒高温碳化失封、“O”密封圈气爆破损渗漏、高压差失封等问题,无法安全优质地完成超深超高压高温气井的测试需要。为提升井下测试工具耐温耐压性能,基于塔里木油田“十三五”以来超深高温高压井APR测试实践,总结分析了常规高温高压井测试APR测试工具存在的问题,通过提升密封部件材料的耐温等级、优化密封组合形式、改进封隔器胶筒结构等手段,将APR测试工具的耐温耐压差性能由70 MPa/177℃提升至105 MPa/204℃。经室内高温高压评价实验,封隔器设计等级、耐温耐压等关键指标满足设计要求。现场DB×井使用改进型193.675 mm CHAMP-Ⅳ封隔器、MJ×井使用改进型127 mm RTTS封隔器,作业期间井下工具工作正常,测试均取得成功,起出检查测试工具完好。改进的APR测试工具为超深高温高压井高质量勘探开发打下了坚实的基础。展开更多
The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the ...The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy （e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015）. At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled ＇The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China： Appraisal of the POA＇. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA： its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei Matsuda is Professor of English and Director of Second Language Writing at Arizona State University, the writed states. He responds to POA from the perspective of an expert researcher and teacher of L2 writing. Charlene Polio is Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Linguistics ＆ Germanic, Slavic, Asian ＆ African Languages atMichigan State University, the writed states. She conceptualises POA as a useful method to address some issues in pre-service teacher development. Overall, the articles in this section are insightful and reader-friendly. They are not only useful for the development of POA in particular, but may also be valuable to a broad range of researchers as they touch upon pertaining issues, as well as emerging topics, in the field of applied linguistics. We therefore find it necessary to make them accessible to a wide readership.展开更多
文摘在塔里木油田测试作业中,出现诸如封隔器胶筒高温碳化失封、“O”密封圈气爆破损渗漏、高压差失封等问题,无法安全优质地完成超深超高压高温气井的测试需要。为提升井下测试工具耐温耐压性能,基于塔里木油田“十三五”以来超深高温高压井APR测试实践,总结分析了常规高温高压井测试APR测试工具存在的问题,通过提升密封部件材料的耐温等级、优化密封组合形式、改进封隔器胶筒结构等手段,将APR测试工具的耐温耐压差性能由70 MPa/177℃提升至105 MPa/204℃。经室内高温高压评价实验,封隔器设计等级、耐温耐压等关键指标满足设计要求。现场DB×井使用改进型193.675 mm CHAMP-Ⅳ封隔器、MJ×井使用改进型127 mm RTTS封隔器,作业期间井下工具工作正常,测试均取得成功,起出检查测试工具完好。改进的APR测试工具为超深高温高压井高质量勘探开发打下了坚实的基础。
文摘The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy （e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015）. At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled ＇The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China： Appraisal of the POA＇. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA： its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei Matsuda is Professor of English and Director of Second Language Writing at Arizona State University, the writed states. He responds to POA from the perspective of an expert researcher and teacher of L2 writing. Charlene Polio is Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Linguistics ＆ Germanic, Slavic, Asian ＆ African Languages atMichigan State University, the writed states. She conceptualises POA as a useful method to address some issues in pre-service teacher development. Overall, the articles in this section are insightful and reader-friendly. They are not only useful for the development of POA in particular, but may also be valuable to a broad range of researchers as they touch upon pertaining issues, as well as emerging topics, in the field of applied linguistics. We therefore find it necessary to make them accessible to a wide readership.
