The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack opportunities.Advanced Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted cyberattacks.APT attacks utilize various advan...The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack opportunities.Advanced Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted cyberattacks.APT attacks utilize various advanced tools and techniques for attacking targets with specific goals.Even countries with advanced technologies,like the US,Russia,the UK,and India,are susceptible to this targeted attack.APT is a sophisticated attack that involves multiple stages and specific strategies.Besides,TTP(Tools,Techniques,and Procedures)involved in the APT attack are commonly new and developed by an attacker to evade the security system.However,APTs are generally implemented in multiple stages.If one of the stages is detected,we may apply a defense mechanism for subsequent stages,leading to the entire APT attack failure.The detection at the early stage of APT and the prediction of the next step in the APT kill chain are ongoing challenges.This survey paper will provide knowledge about APT attacks and their essential steps.This follows the case study of known APT attacks,which will give clear information about the APT attack process—in later sections,highlighting the various detection methods defined by different researchers along with the limitations of the work.Data used in this article comes from the various annual reports published by security experts and blogs and information released by the enterprise networks targeted by the attack.展开更多
平均功率追踪(Average Power Tracking, APT)电源芯片过流失效甚至烧毁会导致整个无线移动通信终端设备无法正常工作。针对这一问题,结合降压(Buck)模式APT电源芯片失效的场景,提出了通过优化过流保护电路参数和有效拦截因制造工艺波动...平均功率追踪(Average Power Tracking, APT)电源芯片过流失效甚至烧毁会导致整个无线移动通信终端设备无法正常工作。针对这一问题,结合降压(Buck)模式APT电源芯片失效的场景,提出了通过优化过流保护电路参数和有效拦截因制造工艺波动而导致不良电源芯片漏测的措施。一方面,在设计过流保护电路时,选取不同电感值的储能电感,对比不同电感值电路的电流纹波大小,分析不同纹波大小和芯片过流保护之间的关系,给出了通过选择合适的电感值来提高电源过流保护的方法。另一方面,在APT电源芯片生产测试环节使用By Pass模式,直接评估芯片的最大负载电流值与过流保护电流值,有效拦截过流保护不良的芯片。通过以上措施,无线移动通信终端设备的APT电源芯片过流保护的性能得到了质的飞跃,市场产品因为APT电源过流烧毁的概率几乎为0,产品质量信誉得到了很大的提升。展开更多
文摘The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack opportunities.Advanced Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted cyberattacks.APT attacks utilize various advanced tools and techniques for attacking targets with specific goals.Even countries with advanced technologies,like the US,Russia,the UK,and India,are susceptible to this targeted attack.APT is a sophisticated attack that involves multiple stages and specific strategies.Besides,TTP(Tools,Techniques,and Procedures)involved in the APT attack are commonly new and developed by an attacker to evade the security system.However,APTs are generally implemented in multiple stages.If one of the stages is detected,we may apply a defense mechanism for subsequent stages,leading to the entire APT attack failure.The detection at the early stage of APT and the prediction of the next step in the APT kill chain are ongoing challenges.This survey paper will provide knowledge about APT attacks and their essential steps.This follows the case study of known APT attacks,which will give clear information about the APT attack process—in later sections,highlighting the various detection methods defined by different researchers along with the limitations of the work.Data used in this article comes from the various annual reports published by security experts and blogs and information released by the enterprise networks targeted by the attack.
文摘平均功率追踪(Average Power Tracking, APT)电源芯片过流失效甚至烧毁会导致整个无线移动通信终端设备无法正常工作。针对这一问题,结合降压(Buck)模式APT电源芯片失效的场景,提出了通过优化过流保护电路参数和有效拦截因制造工艺波动而导致不良电源芯片漏测的措施。一方面,在设计过流保护电路时,选取不同电感值的储能电感,对比不同电感值电路的电流纹波大小,分析不同纹波大小和芯片过流保护之间的关系,给出了通过选择合适的电感值来提高电源过流保护的方法。另一方面,在APT电源芯片生产测试环节使用By Pass模式,直接评估芯片的最大负载电流值与过流保护电流值,有效拦截过流保护不良的芯片。通过以上措施,无线移动通信终端设备的APT电源芯片过流保护的性能得到了质的飞跃,市场产品因为APT电源过流烧毁的概率几乎为0,产品质量信誉得到了很大的提升。
