Study on the surface properties of surface modified silicone intraocular lenses

AIM: To prepare a new-type soft intraocular lens (IOL) that silicone intraocular lenses (IOLs) were modified by surface modification technique to assess IOLs biocompatibility. METHODS: With the technique of ion beam combined with low temperature and low pressure plasma, the surface characteristics of the IOLs including physical and optical properties were determined by the instruments of IOLs resolution, UV/VIS scanning spectrophotometer, contact angle measurement system, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: The color of titanium (Ti) modified IOLs was light yellow and that of titanium nitride (TiN) modified IOLs was light brown. The absorptive degree of ultraviolet rays and the hydrophilicity of the surfaces of modified IOLs were increased, and appeared suitable chemical compositions. The resolution of unmodified and modified IOLs reached normal standard. The surfaces of unmodified and Ti-modified IOLs appeared uniform. The surfaces of TIN-modified IOLs presented fine porcelain structure. CONCLUSION: The optical properties of all IOLs and the surface morphology of the modified IOLs were not affected by modification processes. The surface properties of the modified IOLs were improved.

MODIFICATION OF CeO_2 AND ITS EFFECT ON THE HEAT-RESISTANCE OF SILICONE RUBBER

By means of the wet chemical surface modification,the surface of CeO_2 was modified by vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS).Infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the structure of the modified CeO_2 and the result showed that VTMS has been attached onto the surface of CeO_2.Effect of VTMS concentration on the active index of the modified CeO_2 was also studied,and the result indicated that the active index of the modified CeO_2 increases with the increase of VTMS concentration and the optimal concentration o...

Effects of ZnS modification on primary Si in hypereutectic Al-Si alloy

A new modifying agent, ZnS, was used as a refiner to modify primary silicon in hypereutectic AlSi alloy. The factors affecting the modification results, including addition level of ZnS and holding time, were investigated. The results showed that the average size of the most effectively modified primary silicon was 28.5 μm when the ZnS mixed powder addition was 0.15 wt.% with a holding time of 10 min. More important, the average size of primary silicon could remain below 40 μm despite the holding time extending to 120 min, which means ZnS is a promising modifying agent of primarySi in industrial applications.

Surface Modification of Silicon Carbide Powders with Aminoorganosilanes

To study the surface modification of SiC powders with aminoorganosilanes, high solid loading and low viscosity SiC slurry was prepared. Three kinds of aminoorganosilanes were used in the experiment. Infrared Fourier transform spectrometry （Nicolet20SX, America） was applied to analyze the surface characterization of modified SiC powders. The largest solid loading of SiC coated with WD-52 slurry had increased to 54.5vo1% and the stabilization also increased remarkably. At the same time, the viscosity of SiC slurry declined. Comparing with WD-50 and WD-57, WD-52 is most effective for modification of SiC powders.

Structural evolution of silicone oil liquid exposed to Ar plasma

Structure properties of silicone oil serving as a liquid substrate exposed to Ar plasma axe investigated in this paper. Under the action of energetic Ar ions, the surface of silicone oil liquid substrate exhibits a branch-like fractal aggregation structure, which is related to the structure evolution of silicone oil liquid from Si-O chain to Silo network. The radicals from the dissociation of silicone oil molecule into the Ar plasma turns the plasma into a reactive environment. Therefore, the structural evolution of silicone oil liquid substrate and the reactive radicals in the plasma space become possible factors to affect the aggregation of nanopaxticles and also the structures and the compositions of nanopaxticles.

Surface modification of silicone rubber by CF4 radio frequency capacitively coupled plasma for improvement of flashover

The flashover performance of insulating materials plays an important role in the development of high-voltage insulation systems.In this paper,silicone rubber(SIR)is modified by CF4 radio frequency capacitively coupled plasma(CCP)for the improvement of surface insulation performance.The discharge mode and active particles of CCP are diagnosed by the digital single-lens reflex and the spectrometer.Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used for the surface physicochemical properties of samples,while the surface charge dissipation,charge accumulation measurement,and flashover test are applied for the surface electrical characteristics.Experimental results show that the fluorocarbon groups can be grafted and the surface roughness increases after plasma treatment.Besides,the surface charge dissipation is decelerated and the positive charge accumulation is inhibited obviously for the treated samples.Furthermore,the surface flashover voltage can be increased by 26.67%after 10 min of treatment.It is considered that strong electron affinity of C–F and increased surface roughness can contribute to deepening surface traps,which not only inhibits the development of secondary electron emission avalanche but also alleviates the surface charge accumulation and finally improves the surface flashover voltage of SIR.

远程Ar等离子体对聚四氟乙烯膜的表面改性

研究远程 Ar等离子体对聚氟乙烯 (PTFE)膜表面蚀刻和亲水性的影响 .将远程等离子体与常规等离子体处理工艺对 PTFE膜表面改性效果进行对比 ,结果表明 ,远程等离子体对基体材料表面具有更好的改性效果 .X射线光电子能谱 (XPS)分析表明 ,远程 Ar等离子体处理后的 PTFE膜在空气中氧化后可以在其表面引入更多的含氧基团 .推断其结构为C—O— C,O—C=O或

RF-Ar等离子体对聚乙烯薄膜的表面改性

采用射频辉光放电氩等离子体,在工作压力为20 Pa、功率为30W的条件下对低密度聚乙烯薄膜进行了不同时间的表面处理。借助静态接触角、X射线光电子能谱仪、原子力显微镜、差示扫描量热仪对薄膜改性前后的性能进行了表征及分析。研究结果表明:氩等离子体短时间(20 s)处理便可以有效改善薄膜表面的亲水性,处理时间大于20 s后接触角的变化并不明显;处理后的薄膜表面引入了大量的含氧及少量的含氮官能团;薄膜表面所形成的交联层阻挡了极性基团的翻转,有效延长了接触角的时效性;薄膜的表面形貌和结晶度发生了变化。

Effects of individual and combined additions of phosphorus,boron and cerium on primary and eutectic silicon in an Al-30Si alloy

The modification of silicon in an Al-30Si alloy was studied using optical microscopy, electron probe micro-analysis, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It is found that phosphorus master alloys combined with boron master alloys have good modification effect on primary silicon but no evident modification effect on eutectic silicon, while boron combined with cerium has good modification effect on eutectic silicon. The results of differential scanning calorimetry show that phosphorus, boron or cerium addition and their combined addition have different undercooling effects on eutectic silicon. Many scholars thought that AlP particles were the nuclei of eutectic silicon when phosphorus was enough in the alloy. Our results show that β-（Al,Si,Fe） can still be the nucleus of plate-like entectic silicon while AlP is the nucleus of primary silicon when there is enough phosphorus in the melt. In addition, the mechanism about the modification was also discussed.

Hydrophobic modification of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) hollow fiber membrane for vacuum membrane distillation

New hydrophobic poly（phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone） （PPESK） hollow fiber composite membranes were obtained by surface-coated modification method.

Synthesis and Properties of Perfluorinated Alkyl Silicone Oil Modified Epoxy Resin

Perfluorinated alkyl silicone oil （PFASO） was successfully synthesized from N-ethyl-N- hydroxylethyl perfluorinated octane sulfonamide, succinie anhydride and amino silicone oil by esterification and amide reaction at moderate temperature in the presence of different catalysts. The chemical structure of the synthesized samples was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, the relative molecular mass（MM） and molecular mass distribution（MMD） of PFASO were tested by gel filtration chromatography（GFC）. A commercial epoxy resin （DGEBA） was modified with PFASO, with the content of PFASO 1-5 phr. Thermo-gravimetric analysis （TGA）, impact tests, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and water contact angle test were applied to provide accurate results on the thermal stability, toughness and hydrophobicity of PFASO/epoxy complex. The experimental results reveal that epoxy resins can be successfully modified by adding a small amount of as-synthesized modifiers via simple direct mixing, and verify that the as-synthesized modifier can improve the toughness and hydrophobicity of epoxy resin without sacrificing its thermal properties.

Modification Effect of P+Sr+Ce Compound on Microstructure and Properties of Cast High Silicon Heat-Resist Aluminum Alloy

The P ＋ Sr ＋ Ce compound modification technologies of as-cast Al-21Si-1.5Cu-1.5Ni- 2.5Fe- 0.5Mg alloy were investigated by means of orthogonal test. Orthogonal test results show that 3% （CaH2PO4 ＋ 2CASO4）＋ 0.2%Sr ＋ 0.2%Ce is the optimum additive of modification treatment which can fine eutectic and primary silicon also can change the form of rich-iron phase at same time. The needle form of rich-iron phase is Al9FeSi3, which is prored by X-ray diffraction analysis and X-ray energy spectrum analysis. After compound modification treatment, the needle form of rich-iron phase disappeared and the fish bone form of rich-iron and rich-Ce phase that is AlsCeFe emerged. Both at room temperature and at 300℃, the tensile strength of the alloy after the modification treatment with the optimum additive is 30% lager than that of the alloy unmodified. Observed by SEM, the brittle intercrystalline tensile fracture changed into a blended one in which has many dimples.

Silicon and III-V Solar Cells: From Modus Vivendi to Modus Operandi

In the present paper, some novel opportunities for the development of high-efficient Si and III-V-based solar cells are considered: energy-saving environment friendly low-temperature technology of forming p-n junctions in Si (1), elaboration of structurally perfect GaAs/Ge/Si epitaxial substrates (2) and application of protective antireflecting coatings based on cubic zirconia (3). As a result: 1) New technique of forming p-n junctions in silicon has been elaborated. The technique provided easy and comparatively cheap process of production of semiconductor devices such as solar cells. The essence of the technique under the study is comprised in formation p-n junctions in silicon by a change of conductivity in the bulk of the sample occurring as a result of redistribution of the impurities, which already exists in the sample before its processing by ions. It differs from the techniques of diffusion and ion doping where change of conductivity and formation of p-n junction in the sample occur as a result of introduction of atoms of the other dopants from the outside;2) The conditions for synthesis of GaAs/Ge/Si epitaxial substrates with a thin (200 nm) Ge buffer layer featured with (1 - 2) × 105 cm-2 density of the threading dislocation in the GaAs layer. Ge buffer was obtained by chemical vapor deposition with a hot wire and GaAs layer of 1 μm thick was grown by the metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Root mean square surface roughness of GaAs layers of the less than 1 nm and good photoluminescence properties along with their high uniformity were obtained;3) The conditions ensuring the synthesis of uniform functional (buffer, insulating and protective) fianite layers on Si and GaAs substrates by means of magnetron and electron-beam sputtering have been determined. Fianite films have been shown to be suitable for the use as an ideal anti-reflecting material with high protective and anticorrosive properties.

Functions and mechanism of modification elements in eutectic solidification of Al-Si alloys:A brief review

Being used more and more widely in engineering,AlSi alloys comprise about 80%of all kinds of aluminum alloys,which are the most widely utilized nonferrous alloys.Although most Al-Si alloys consist of multiple components,the eutectics in the structure accounts for 50%-90%of the sum volume of such alloys.Therefore,understanding the modification mechanism and function rules of the AlSi eutectic solidification is the technical key in controlling the structures and properties of such casting alloys.The present paper chiefly reviews recent investigation developments and important conclusions along the lines of the functions of modification elements and their modification mechanism in the eutectic solidification of Al-Si alloys.

硅铝比和金属离子对ZSM-5吸附CO2/N2的Monte Carlo模拟的影响

通过调节硅铝比和引入金属离子构建了Si96O192、NaAlSi95O192、Na2Al2Si94O192、Li2Al2Si94O192、K2Al2Si94O192分子筛模型,并用MonteCarlo模拟CO2和N2吸附。结果表明,硅铝比降低和金属离子量增加可提供更多的吸附位点,CO2吸附量逐渐增加,CO2/N2选择性显著提高。CO2吸附位点主要集中在Na+附近和孔道中。在低压力下,分子筛吸附量主要由不同金属离子与CO2分子之间的相互作用决定;随着压力增加,吸附量由分子筛的孔道自由体积决定。从分子层面探究CO2/N2吸附机理,为开发高效吸附剂提供理论依据和指导。

Polymer grafting modification of the surface of nano silicon dioxide

Based on the composite modification technology of the surface of nano Silicondioxide by non-soap emulsion polymerization, it is verified that there are polymer grafted on thesurface of nano silicon dioxide. The modification mechanism and the bonding status on the surface ofnano silicon dioxide after modification were suggested via the results of the infrared spectrum,transmission electronic microscope photograph and X-ray photoelectron spectrum. The hydroxyl formedby hydrolyzing of silane coupling agent reacts with hydroxyl on the surface of nano silicon dioxideto form Si-O-Si bonds by losing water molecules and hence the double bonds are introduced onto thesurface of nano silicon dioxide. The surface of nano silicon dioxide is grafted with polymer throughfree radical polymerization between the double bonds on the surface of nano silicon dioxide andstyrene under the action of initiating agent. The dispersibility of nano silicon dioxide and thecontrollability of surface modification of nano silicon dioxide can be greatly improved by themodification process.

大气压Ar等离子体射流对环氧树脂表面绝缘性能提升研究

实际运行工况下的开关柜内绝缘件受到污秽、潮湿凝露、发热和冷热循环等不利影响而逐步老化,材料表面绝缘性能不断降低,对设备安全运行造成威胁。为了提高环氧树脂(EP)表面的绝缘性能(憎水性、表面电阻率及沿面闪络电压),基于介质阻挡放电原理,采用高压脉冲源激励产生大气压Ar等离子体射流(APPJ)处理表面涂抹二甲基硅油的环氧树脂。实验结果发现:处理后的EP表面憎水性明显增强,二甲基硅油中含Si基团由于等离子体射流中高能活性粒子作用修饰到EP表面,形成新的Si⁃C和Si⁃O化学键。同时,材料表面上的二甲基硅油阻碍了含O活性粒子接触EP表面,使含O的活性基团无法在环氧树脂表面生成。同时,由于EP表面粗糙度的上升,EP表面沿面闪络电压及表面电阻率明显上升。

HMDSO含量对纳秒脉冲激励Ar/HMDSO射流放电特性的影响

通过在放电气体中添加含Si媒质可在材料表面引入含Si基团,能有效提高等离子体憎水改性效果,增强材料沿面耐压能力。该文选取六甲基二硅醚(HMDSO)为含Si媒质,采用纳秒脉冲激励在Ar/HMDSO中产生射流放电,通过电压电流波形测量等电气特性,发光图像、发射光谱及ICCD等光学特性诊断,研究了HMDSO含量对放电特性的影响,得到等离子体羽长度、放电功率、传输电荷、主要粒子谱线强度及电离波传播等参量随HMDSO含量的变化趋势,并结合放电电离反应及动态发展过程进行分析。结果表明,少量HMDSO的引入对放电有促进作用,体现在随添加含量的增加,射流体羽长度变长,注入功率和传输电荷量提高、主要粒子谱线强度增强,电离波传播速度和距离提升。这些参量在HMDSO体积分数为0.04%时达到最大值,当HMDSO体积分数大于0.04%时,放电强度开始减弱,表现在相关参量随HMDSO含量的增加而降低。HMDSO参与放电中直接电离反应及与Ar激励态反应,这两种反应的竞争是导致其对放电特性影响存在极值的原因。

Preparation and Behaviour of New Materials for Percutaneous Access

The reinforcing effects on hydroxyapatite （ abbreviated HA ） of phosphate glass additives were researched. The samples of reinforced HA （ abbreviated RHA ） and control material were prepared and then percutaneously implanted in the skin of experiment animal. The histomorphology of the part skin tissue were observed. By a biomimetic process, the method and conditions of forming HA coating on the surface of medical silicon rubber （ abbreviated MSR ） were stndied. The results illustrate that the phosphate glass additives have obvious reinforcing effects on HA. In the percutaueous implantation test, neither clear infiltration of inflammatory cells nor marked downgrowth of epidermis was observed for the part tissue suerounded RHA. The surface modification of MSR for percutaneous access could be attained by biomimetice synthesis of HA coating.

Ar离子辐照PET膜引起的表面结构和组分变化研究

用 35MeV u的Ar离子室温下辐照多层堆叠的半晶质的聚酯 (PET)膜 ,采用X射线衍射技术和X射线光电子谱仪分析研究了辐照引起的表面结构和组分的变化。结果表明 ,Ar离子辐照PET膜引起了明显的非晶化转变和化学键断裂 ,断键主要发生在甲氧基和羰基功能团上 ,并使这两个功能团中的C和O的比分相对减少。非晶化效应和化学键断裂同时依赖于离子的照射剂量和离子在样品表面的电子能量损失 ,剂量越高 ,表面电子能量损失越大 ,效应就明显。