Spinal cord injury is a severe and devastating disease,and spasticity is a common and severe complication that is notoriously refractory to treatment.However,the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying spasticity and...Spinal cord injury is a severe and devastating disease,and spasticity is a common and severe complication that is notoriously refractory to treatment.However,the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying spasticity and its development remain largely unknown.The goal of the present study was to find differences,if any,in metabolites of the left precentral gyrus and basal ganglia of patients who have spinal cord injury with or without spasticity,and to explore the relationship between the brain metabolite concentrations and clinical status.Thirty-six participants were recruited for magnetic resonance spectroscopic examination:23 with spinal cord injury(12 with spasticity and 11 without spasticity)and 13 healthy controls.We acquired localized proton spectra from the precentral gyrus and basal ganglia via 10 mm^(3) voxels.Notably,univariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the lower that the N-acetylaspartate concentration(a marker for neuronal loss)was in the precentral gyrus of the patients,the lower their ASIA(American Spinal Injury Association)light-touch scores,pinprick scores,and motor scores.Additionally,longer durations of injury were associated with higher N-acetylaspartate levels in the precentral gyrus.Compared with the healthy participants and patients without spasticity,N-acetylaspartate levels in the patients with spasticity were significantly lower in both the precentral gyrus and basal ganglia.Lower N-acetylaspartate levels also correlated with greater sensory and motor dysfunction in the patients who had spinal cord injury with spasticity.展开更多
Background:Pressure ulcers are one of the most common and dangerous sequelae of spinal cord injuries.Pressure ulcers treatment represents one of the most challenging clinical problems faced by clinicians.Method:This r...Background:Pressure ulcers are one of the most common and dangerous sequelae of spinal cord injuries.Pressure ulcers treatment represents one of the most challenging clinical problems faced by clinicians.Method:This report examines a case of complicated stage-4 pressure ulcers in a young adult who had gunshot injury in his spine above T-11 level treated following a multidisciplinary approach.A multidisciplinary team formulated a multifaceted program that includes meticulous pressure relief program,wound care and flap reconstructive surgery,osteomyelitis treatment,nutrition optimization,post-operative physiotherapy,patient education,and psychological support,that recruited for this patient over the course of his stay at our unit.Results:During the third day postoperatively showed good blood circulation without necrosis or hematoma and site of ulcer completely has healed.Conclusion:Implementation of a multidisciplinary approach was key to optimizing surgical outcomes in spinal cord injury patients who have pressure sores,achieving a low recurrence rate and reducing readmissions.展开更多
Our previous study revealed that early application of electrical field stimulation（EFS） with the anode at the lesion and the cathode distal to the lesion reduced injury potential, inhibited secondary injury and was ...Our previous study revealed that early application of electrical field stimulation（EFS） with the anode at the lesion and the cathode distal to the lesion reduced injury potential, inhibited secondary injury and was neuroprotective in the dorsal corticospinal tract after spinal cord injury（SCI）. The objective of this study was to further evaluate the effect of EFS on protection of anterior horn motoneurons and their target musculature after SCI and its mechanism. Rats were randomized into three equal groups. The EFS group received EFS for 30 minutes immediately after injury at T_（10）. SCI group rats were only subjected to SCI and sham group rats were only subjected to laminectomy. Luxol fast blue staining demonstrated that spinal cord tissue in the injury center was better protected; cross-sectional area and perimeter of injured tissue were significantly smaller in the EFS group than in the SCI group. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy showed that the number of spinal cord anterior horn motoneurons was greater and the number of abnormal neurons reduced in the EFS group compared with the SCI group. Wet weight and cross-sectional area of vastus lateralis muscles were smaller in the SCI group to in the sham group. However, EFS improved muscle atrophy and behavioral examination showed that EFS significantly increased the angle in the inclined plane test and Tarlov＇s motor grading score. The above results confirm that early EFS can effectively impede spinal cord anterior horn motoneuron loss, promote motor function recovery and reduce muscle atrophy in rats after SCI.展开更多
Objective To analyze the clinical features of the multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal cord injuries.Methods A retrospective study was performed in143multiple trauma patients combined with spine and...Objective To analyze the clinical features of the multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal cord injuries.Methods A retrospective study was performed in143multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal展开更多
Background:This report describes a case of successful repair of severed thoracic spine in a young man who presented with a penetrating stab injury to spine resulting in Brown-Séquard syndrome.Surgical technique a...Background:This report describes a case of successful repair of severed thoracic spine in a young man who presented with a penetrating stab injury to spine resulting in Brown-Séquard syndrome.Surgical technique and postoperative management is discussed.Case presentation:A 34-year-old fit and well healthy man was admitted with a history of stab injury to the thoracic spine at thoracic T2/3 level with ASIA impairment score(AIS)score D with an incomplete spinal cord affecting his left lower limb with complete paralysis and right lower limb paresis with impaired sensation below T6 level to L5.Neuroimaging confirmed a penetrating knife injury traversing the T2/3 level causing hemi-section of the spinal cord confirmed intraoperatively.He underwent an urgent exploratory surgery of his spine and a T2/3 laminectomy was performed to aid removal of the knife.The dura was noted to be contused and severed spinal cord was noted to be severed with associated cord oedema.A microsurgical repair of the severed cord was performed with duroplasty followed by intense neuro-rehabilitation.On a 3 month follow up his AIS score is E with lower limb power is 5/5 bilaterally and he is able to mobilise independently up to 8-10 steps without any supportive aid and with crutches he is independently functional and mobile.Conclusion:This is the first documented case of microsurgical repair of severed thoracic spinal cord secondary to traumatic knife injury.In the management of such scenario,apart from the removal of foreign body,repair of the cord with duroplasty should be carefully considered.The role of spinal neuroplasticity in healing following timely repair of the spinal cord along with intense rehabilitation remains the key.This had resulted in a good clinical and functional outcome with in a 18-month follow up.展开更多
Individuals having sustained traumatic spinal cord injury(TSCI)in the United States are living longer as compared to historical trends,thanks to an ever-evolving understanding of the nature of this injury.Despite this...Individuals having sustained traumatic spinal cord injury(TSCI)in the United States are living longer as compared to historical trends,thanks to an ever-evolving understanding of the nature of this injury.Despite this,multiple barriers to care for TSCI patients remain including variations in government-issued veteran insurance,privatized insurance,and among uninsured individuals.The United States alone experiences 12,000 new TSCI cases every year,many of these are found to occur in a growing proportion of elderly individuals.It is crucial to understand both the short-term direct costs as wells as the long-term rehabilitation costs required by these TSCI patients.The lifetime financial burden for those having sustained a TSCI can be immense for patients,insurance companies,and hospital systems alike.Among those with TSCI,re-hospitalization rates are high,leading to increased healthcare resource utilization within this specific patient population.Costs can quickly balloon into hundreds of thousands of dollars and cause a profound financial burden for these patients.This review article seeks to communicate an understanding of the current financial landscape surrounding TSCI patients.The authors will also examine the costs of acute emergency room surgical care such as American spinal injury association grade,hospital length of stay,as well as the timing delay between injury and surgical decompression.Long-term costs associated with TSCI such as rehabilitation,care of secondary comorbidities,and post-injury employment prospects will be examined as well.These costs will be framed from the patient's perspective as well as from both the hospital and insurance company's perspectives.It is hoped a complete understanding as to what makes TSCI such a medically and financially burdensome injury will allow for improved healthcare resource utilization in this population.展开更多
目的:探讨胸腰段脊柱骨折合并急性创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后深静脉血栓的危险因素。方法:选取2018年7月~2020年9月于我院进行手术治疗的T11~L2骨折合并急性创伤性脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)患者136例。收集患者的统计患者的年龄、...目的:探讨胸腰段脊柱骨折合并急性创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后深静脉血栓的危险因素。方法:选取2018年7月~2020年9月于我院进行手术治疗的T11~L2骨折合并急性创伤性脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)患者136例。收集患者的统计患者的年龄、性别、体重指数、既往病史等一般资料,检测并收集患者总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triacylglycerol,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)等实验室指标。收集患者术前、术后6个月内的下肢静脉彩超,根据是否出现DVT分为DVT组(n=64)和非DVT组(n=72)。比较两组患者的一般资料,通过单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析确定急性创伤性SCI患者术后发生DVT的独立影响因素。通过Spearman法和Pearson法分析各影响因素间的相关性。根据独立影响因素建立并验证列线图模型。结果:单因素分析结果显示,DVT组和非DVT组的体重指数(27.03±2.12kg/m2和24.03±3.32kg/m2)、吸烟人数占比(39.06%和20.83%)、输血人数占比(45.31%和27.78%)、肿瘤病史人数占比(46.89%和23.61%)、出血量>600 mL人数占比(42.19%和22.22%)、ASIA分级A级人数占比(45.31%和18.06%)、肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习人数占比(18.75%和52.78%)、ASIA分级D级人数占比(14.06%和33.33%)、CRP(20.36±4.37和11.45±3.76)、FIB(6.49±1.31和4.51±1.26)以及D-二聚体(1.83±0.39和0.45±0.26)之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,输血、ASIA分级A级、FIB>5g/L、D-二聚体>1.6mg/L以及未进行肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习是急性创伤性SCI患者术后DVT的独立危险因素(P<0.05),相关性分析显示,输血、ASIA分级A级、FIB、D-二聚体以及未进行肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习均呈明显的正相关关系(P<0.05)。根据独立影响因素构建列线图预测模型,模型的ROC曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)为0.837(95%CI:0.791~0.864),具有较好的区分度,校准曲线评价结果提示模型具有较好的准确性。结论:输血、ASIA分级A级、FIB>5g/L、D-二聚体>1.6mg/L以及未进行肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习是急性创伤性SCI患者术后DVT形成的独立危险因素,各独立危险因素之间均存在密切联系。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071400,81870979the Scientific Research Foundation of China Rehabilitation Research Center,No.2020cz-01the Special Capital Health Research and Development of China,No.2018-1-6011(all to JJL)。
文摘Spinal cord injury is a severe and devastating disease,and spasticity is a common and severe complication that is notoriously refractory to treatment.However,the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying spasticity and its development remain largely unknown.The goal of the present study was to find differences,if any,in metabolites of the left precentral gyrus and basal ganglia of patients who have spinal cord injury with or without spasticity,and to explore the relationship between the brain metabolite concentrations and clinical status.Thirty-six participants were recruited for magnetic resonance spectroscopic examination:23 with spinal cord injury(12 with spasticity and 11 without spasticity)and 13 healthy controls.We acquired localized proton spectra from the precentral gyrus and basal ganglia via 10 mm^(3) voxels.Notably,univariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the lower that the N-acetylaspartate concentration(a marker for neuronal loss)was in the precentral gyrus of the patients,the lower their ASIA(American Spinal Injury Association)light-touch scores,pinprick scores,and motor scores.Additionally,longer durations of injury were associated with higher N-acetylaspartate levels in the precentral gyrus.Compared with the healthy participants and patients without spasticity,N-acetylaspartate levels in the patients with spasticity were significantly lower in both the precentral gyrus and basal ganglia.Lower N-acetylaspartate levels also correlated with greater sensory and motor dysfunction in the patients who had spinal cord injury with spasticity.
文摘Background:Pressure ulcers are one of the most common and dangerous sequelae of spinal cord injuries.Pressure ulcers treatment represents one of the most challenging clinical problems faced by clinicians.Method:This report examines a case of complicated stage-4 pressure ulcers in a young adult who had gunshot injury in his spine above T-11 level treated following a multidisciplinary approach.A multidisciplinary team formulated a multifaceted program that includes meticulous pressure relief program,wound care and flap reconstructive surgery,osteomyelitis treatment,nutrition optimization,post-operative physiotherapy,patient education,and psychological support,that recruited for this patient over the course of his stay at our unit.Results:During the third day postoperatively showed good blood circulation without necrosis or hematoma and site of ulcer completely has healed.Conclusion:Implementation of a multidisciplinary approach was key to optimizing surgical outcomes in spinal cord injury patients who have pressure sores,achieving a low recurrence rate and reducing readmissions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31400717,51577183the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing of China,No.7164317the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS,No.2018172
文摘Our previous study revealed that early application of electrical field stimulation（EFS） with the anode at the lesion and the cathode distal to the lesion reduced injury potential, inhibited secondary injury and was neuroprotective in the dorsal corticospinal tract after spinal cord injury（SCI）. The objective of this study was to further evaluate the effect of EFS on protection of anterior horn motoneurons and their target musculature after SCI and its mechanism. Rats were randomized into three equal groups. The EFS group received EFS for 30 minutes immediately after injury at T_（10）. SCI group rats were only subjected to SCI and sham group rats were only subjected to laminectomy. Luxol fast blue staining demonstrated that spinal cord tissue in the injury center was better protected; cross-sectional area and perimeter of injured tissue were significantly smaller in the EFS group than in the SCI group. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy showed that the number of spinal cord anterior horn motoneurons was greater and the number of abnormal neurons reduced in the EFS group compared with the SCI group. Wet weight and cross-sectional area of vastus lateralis muscles were smaller in the SCI group to in the sham group. However, EFS improved muscle atrophy and behavioral examination showed that EFS significantly increased the angle in the inclined plane test and Tarlov＇s motor grading score. The above results confirm that early EFS can effectively impede spinal cord anterior horn motoneuron loss, promote motor function recovery and reduce muscle atrophy in rats after SCI.
文摘Objective To analyze the clinical features of the multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal cord injuries.Methods A retrospective study was performed in143multiple trauma patients combined with spine and spinal
文摘Background:This report describes a case of successful repair of severed thoracic spine in a young man who presented with a penetrating stab injury to spine resulting in Brown-Séquard syndrome.Surgical technique and postoperative management is discussed.Case presentation:A 34-year-old fit and well healthy man was admitted with a history of stab injury to the thoracic spine at thoracic T2/3 level with ASIA impairment score(AIS)score D with an incomplete spinal cord affecting his left lower limb with complete paralysis and right lower limb paresis with impaired sensation below T6 level to L5.Neuroimaging confirmed a penetrating knife injury traversing the T2/3 level causing hemi-section of the spinal cord confirmed intraoperatively.He underwent an urgent exploratory surgery of his spine and a T2/3 laminectomy was performed to aid removal of the knife.The dura was noted to be contused and severed spinal cord was noted to be severed with associated cord oedema.A microsurgical repair of the severed cord was performed with duroplasty followed by intense neuro-rehabilitation.On a 3 month follow up his AIS score is E with lower limb power is 5/5 bilaterally and he is able to mobilise independently up to 8-10 steps without any supportive aid and with crutches he is independently functional and mobile.Conclusion:This is the first documented case of microsurgical repair of severed thoracic spinal cord secondary to traumatic knife injury.In the management of such scenario,apart from the removal of foreign body,repair of the cord with duroplasty should be carefully considered.The role of spinal neuroplasticity in healing following timely repair of the spinal cord along with intense rehabilitation remains the key.This had resulted in a good clinical and functional outcome with in a 18-month follow up.
基金an investigator-initiated research grant(SCIRF-2015-I-01)from South Carolina Spinal Cord Injury Research Fund(Columbia,SC,USA),and earlier R01 grants(CA-091460NS-057811)from the National Institutes of Health(Bethesda,MD,USA).
文摘Individuals having sustained traumatic spinal cord injury(TSCI)in the United States are living longer as compared to historical trends,thanks to an ever-evolving understanding of the nature of this injury.Despite this,multiple barriers to care for TSCI patients remain including variations in government-issued veteran insurance,privatized insurance,and among uninsured individuals.The United States alone experiences 12,000 new TSCI cases every year,many of these are found to occur in a growing proportion of elderly individuals.It is crucial to understand both the short-term direct costs as wells as the long-term rehabilitation costs required by these TSCI patients.The lifetime financial burden for those having sustained a TSCI can be immense for patients,insurance companies,and hospital systems alike.Among those with TSCI,re-hospitalization rates are high,leading to increased healthcare resource utilization within this specific patient population.Costs can quickly balloon into hundreds of thousands of dollars and cause a profound financial burden for these patients.This review article seeks to communicate an understanding of the current financial landscape surrounding TSCI patients.The authors will also examine the costs of acute emergency room surgical care such as American spinal injury association grade,hospital length of stay,as well as the timing delay between injury and surgical decompression.Long-term costs associated with TSCI such as rehabilitation,care of secondary comorbidities,and post-injury employment prospects will be examined as well.These costs will be framed from the patient's perspective as well as from both the hospital and insurance company's perspectives.It is hoped a complete understanding as to what makes TSCI such a medically and financially burdensome injury will allow for improved healthcare resource utilization in this population.
文摘目的:探讨胸腰段脊柱骨折合并急性创伤性脊髓损伤患者术后深静脉血栓的危险因素。方法:选取2018年7月~2020年9月于我院进行手术治疗的T11~L2骨折合并急性创伤性脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)患者136例。收集患者的统计患者的年龄、性别、体重指数、既往病史等一般资料,检测并收集患者总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triacylglycerol,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)等实验室指标。收集患者术前、术后6个月内的下肢静脉彩超,根据是否出现DVT分为DVT组(n=64)和非DVT组(n=72)。比较两组患者的一般资料,通过单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析确定急性创伤性SCI患者术后发生DVT的独立影响因素。通过Spearman法和Pearson法分析各影响因素间的相关性。根据独立影响因素建立并验证列线图模型。结果:单因素分析结果显示,DVT组和非DVT组的体重指数(27.03±2.12kg/m2和24.03±3.32kg/m2)、吸烟人数占比(39.06%和20.83%)、输血人数占比(45.31%和27.78%)、肿瘤病史人数占比(46.89%和23.61%)、出血量>600 mL人数占比(42.19%和22.22%)、ASIA分级A级人数占比(45.31%和18.06%)、肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习人数占比(18.75%和52.78%)、ASIA分级D级人数占比(14.06%和33.33%)、CRP(20.36±4.37和11.45±3.76)、FIB(6.49±1.31和4.51±1.26)以及D-二聚体(1.83±0.39和0.45±0.26)之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,输血、ASIA分级A级、FIB>5g/L、D-二聚体>1.6mg/L以及未进行肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习是急性创伤性SCI患者术后DVT的独立危险因素(P<0.05),相关性分析显示,输血、ASIA分级A级、FIB、D-二聚体以及未进行肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习均呈明显的正相关关系(P<0.05)。根据独立影响因素构建列线图预测模型,模型的ROC曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)为0.837(95%CI:0.791~0.864),具有较好的区分度,校准曲线评价结果提示模型具有较好的准确性。结论:输血、ASIA分级A级、FIB>5g/L、D-二聚体>1.6mg/L以及未进行肢体气压治疗及踝泵练习是急性创伤性SCI患者术后DVT形成的独立危险因素,各独立危险因素之间均存在密切联系。
