High strain rate superplasticity of rolled AZ91 magnesium alloy

The high strain rate superplastic deformation properties and characteristics of a rolled AZ91 magnesium alloy at temperatures ranging from 623 to 698 K（0.67Tm-0.76Tm） and high strain rates ranging from 10^-3 to 1 s^-1 were investigated.The rolled AZ91 magnesium alloy possesses excellent superplasticity with the maximum elongation of 455% at 623 K and a strain rate of 10-3 s-1,and its strain rate sensitivity m is high up to 0.64.The dominant deformation mechanism responsible for the high strain rate superplasticity is still grain boundary sliding（GBS）,and the dislocation creep mechanism is considered as the main accommodation mechanism.

Effect of Ca on microstructure and high temperature creep properties of AM60-1Ce alloy

A series of AM60-1Ce-xCa(x=0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5) magnesium alloys were prepared by gravity casting method and analyzed by means of XRD, DSC and SEM. The effects of Ca on normal temperature mechanical properties and high temperature creep behavior of alloys were characterized by tensile and constant creep test.Microstructure analysis indicated that Ca was preferentially combined with Al in the alloy to form the high melting point Al_2Ca phase at the grain boundary. The addition of Ca can refine the crystal grains and reduces the content of β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. With the increase of Ca content in the alloy, Al_2Ca phases at the grain boundary gradually changed to the network of lamellar structure, and replaced the β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase as the main strengthening phase gradually. The creep resistance of the alloy continuously increases because the high-temperature stable phase Al_2Ca firmly nailed at grain boundaries impedes the sliding of grain boundaries. However, when the addition of Ca was more than 1.5%, mechanical properties of the alloy started to decrease, which was probably due to the large amount of irregularly shaped Al_2Ca phases at the grain boundary. Experimental results show that the optimal addition amount of Ca is 1.5 wt.%.

Effect of rare earth additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 magnesium alloys

In order to meet the demands of high temperature components in automobile, the microstructure and mechanical properties of several new die-casting AZ91-rare earth (RE) magnesium alloys were studied. The alloys were characterized by optical microscopy (OM), scan electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), tensile and creep tests. The results show that Ce addition has little effect on the mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy at high temperature, while Y and Nd addition play important role in the improvement of creep resistance. New alloys containing Y or Nd with excellent high temperature performance are selected to produce cylinder head cover of high power diesel engine of Red Flag car and oil pan of Besturn car. The new magnesium alloys with RE addition for die-casting have potential to produce power-train parts, and can greatly decrease weight.

Study on Ignition-Proof AZ91D Magnesium Alloy Added with Rare Earth

Magnesium alloy is prone to burning during its melting and casting processes in air, which is a major factor of obstructing its application. Fluxes and cover gases are currently used for the melting and production processes, and semi-solid casting is also used to shape composites made of magnesium alloy, but there still remain many problems. Alloying is a promising method of preventing magnesium from burning. The effect of RE additions on the ignition temperature of AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated. The changes of the quality of oxidation film and the as-cast microstructure were analyzed, and the mechanical property was compared with that without rare earth. For AZ91D with RE in the range of 0.08% to 0.12%. It is shown that the ignition temperature point can be greatly heightened, the quality of oxidation film is obviously improved, the as-cast microstructure is refined greatly, and the mechanical property is bettered a little, therefore, such an alloy is promising.

Understanding effects of microstructural inhomogeneity on creep response-New approaches to improve the creep resistance in magnesium alloys

Previous investigations indicate that the creep resistance of magnesium alloys is proportional to the stability of precipitated intermetallic phases at grain boundaries.These stable intermetallic phases were considered to be effective to suppress the deformation by grain boundary sliding,leading to the improvement of creep properties.Based on this point,adding the alloying elements to form the stable intermetallics with high melting point became a popular way to develop the new creep resistant magnesium alloys.The present investigation,however,shows that the creep properties of binary Mg-Sn alloy are still poor even though the addition of Sn possibly results in the precipitation of thermal stable Mg_(2)Sn at grain boundaries.That means other possible mechanisms function to affect the creep response.It is finally found that the poor creep resistance is attributed to the segregation of Sn at dendritic and grain boundaries.Based on this observation,new approaches to improve the creep resistance are suggested for magnesium alloys because most currently magnesium alloys have the commonality with the Mg-Sn alloys.

AZ91镁合金抗高温蠕变性能的研究和发展

综述了国内外AZ91镁合金抗高温蠕变性能的研究进展,重点讨论了其蠕变机理及提高其抗高温蠕变性能的方法,对AZ91镁合金抗高温蠕变性能的研究方向提出了一些看法和展望。

Numerical simulation of temperature field of AZ91D magnesium alloy during equal channel angular extrusion

The temperature field of AZ91D magnesium alloy extruded by equal channel angular extrusion （ECAE） has been simulated using finite element method （FEM）. A series of tests were designed to obtain the simulation parameters： flow stress of AZglD, friction factor and heat transfer coefficient. The simulated temperature agrees well with the measured one. The evolution of temperature and influencing factor was discussed in details. Furthermore. the extrusion pressure of ECAE was analyzed.

钕对Mg-5Al-1Si高温蠕变及组织性能的影响

研究了不同Nd含量对Mg 5Al 1Si镁合金的高温蠕变性能影响 ,对析出相进行了分析 ,研究了微观组织与力学性能的关系。研究结果表明 ,该合金中的主要强化相Mg2 Si呈粗大的汉字状 ,分布在晶界的周围 ,在受到应力时 ,这种汉字状相与基体的界面处易产生微裂纹 ,降低合金的抗拉强度、塑性等力学性能。在Mg 5Al 1Si合金中加入微量的Nd以后 ,合金的组织得到明显的细化 ,并使Mg2 Si强化相形貌由粗大的汉字状转变为细小、弥散分布的颗粒状。由于显微组织的改善 ,使得Mg 5Al 1Si镁合金的室温和高温力学性能均有一定的提高 ,并明显的改善了Mg 5Al 1Si的抗蠕变性能。

压铸镁合金高温蠕变研究现状及进展

综述了压铸镁合金高温蠕变的失效形式及机理 ,结合汽车用镁合金部件的实际制备 ,分析和讨论了提高压铸镁合金抗高温蠕变性能的方法 ,提出了在开发耐高温蠕变镁合金时应注意的问题。

锶在镁及其合金中的作用

在镁合金中添加适量的Sr,不仅可以降低过冷度,且易吸附在固/液界面的前沿形成富Sr的吸附膜,降低晶粒生长速度,从而细化晶粒。细小的晶粒有利于提高镁合金液的补缩能力,减少显微缩松,增加铸件的致密度。Sr与H2反应生成SrH2,减少氢气孔的析出。此外,在Mg-Al合金中加入Sr可以生成一些高温稳定的新相(Al10Mg13Sr),明显改善镁合金的高温蠕变性能和抗热裂性能。

高温低应力下AZ31镁合金的蠕变性能及蠕变机理

研究了AZ31镁合金在高温、低应力下的蠕变性能及蠕变机理。结果表明,AZ31镁合金的高温蠕变具有明显的三阶段蠕变特征;随着温度和应力的增加,稳态蠕变速率增加,稳态蠕变速率区域缩短。温度大于420℃、较低应力时,AZ31镁合金的蠕变为晶界扩散控制的COBLE蠕变;较高应力时,与位错攀移控制的WEETMAN蠕变机制相吻合。当温度为320～420℃时,AZ31镁合金的蠕变为滑移控制的位错蠕变。计算了由COBLE蠕变向WEETMAN蠕变转变的临界应力σcr,该应力与P-N力τp在数值上具有如下关系:σcr≈(2～3)τp。

镁合金及镁基复合材料的高温蠕变研究进展

综述了目前镁合金及镁基复合材料的高温蠕变研究现状,介绍了镁合金的高温蠕变机理及性能提高方法,同时阐述了镁基复合材料的制备工艺及蠕变参数之间的关系、蠕变断裂机制、界面反应规律等方面的研究进展,并展望了镁基复合材料的应用前景与研究方向。

挤压态AZ31镁合金高温蠕变性能的试验研究

试验研究了挤压态AZ31镁合金的高温蠕变性能，计算了AZ31镁合金高温蠕变的Monkman-Grant常数。结果表明，AZ31镁舍金的高温蠕变曲线表现为具有明显的三阶段蠕变特征。随着温度和应力的升高，蠕变速率增加，稳态蠕变速率区域缩短。温度和应力对Monkman—Grant常数的影响不显著，常数值在0．31-0．34之间。

镁合金高温力学性能研究进展

轻质高强的镁合金材料若要在航空航天领域大规模应用,高温性能是必须要考虑的主要参数之一。本文综述了不同成分(不含稀土镁合金和稀土镁合金)、不同状态(铸态、变形态和热处理态)镁合金的高温拉伸和蠕变性能的研究进展,重点介绍了稀土镁合金的强度反常温度效应及机理。最后指出了未来镁合金高温性能的研究方向。

耐热镁合金的研究进展

综述了耐热镁合金的发展历史,以及近年来耐热镁合金研究发展现状。主要介绍了Mg-RE系、Mg-Al系、Mg-Zn系3类主要耐热镁合金的耐热机理和研究发展。本文提出了耐热镁合金的未来的发展趋势。

稀土镁合金抗高温蠕变性能的研究进展

稀土元素在镁合金中能够细化晶粒尺寸,可以利用其固溶强化和第二相强化机制提高合金力学性能,改善镁合金的抗高温蠕变能力。介绍了镁合金的蠕变机理,以及稀土Y元素、Gd元素、Sc元素和Ce元素对镁合金组织和蠕变性能的影响,综述了目前国内外开发的Mg-Y、Mg-Gd、Mg-Sc、Mg-Ce等一系列稀土镁合金的研发现状,对稀土镁合金的发展现状给予意见,并对稀土镁合金的发展前景进行展望。

AZ31镁合金中Zn含量对其高温蠕变性能的影响

在蠕变应力为5.13～11.06 MPa范围内，研究AZ31镁合金中Zn含量对其高温蠕变性能和蠕变应力指数的影响。结果表明：在同样的蠕变条件下，随着Zn含量的增加，合金的蠕变速率增加，稳态蠕变速率区域缩短；应力指数不仅与Zn含量有关，而且与蠕变温度和应力有关；390 ℃时，不同Zn含量的AZ31合金几乎具有相同的应力指数；420 ℃时，Zn含量为0.78%的AZ31合金随应力增加出现n=1和n≈3的两阶段变化，Zn含量为1.53%的AZ31合金随应力增加则出现应力指数分别为n=1、n≈3和n=6的三阶段变化。

Mg-RE系镁合金抗蠕变性能的研究进展

简述了Mg-RE系镁合金抗蠕变性能的研究进展,分析讨论了镁合金的抗高温蠕变机理和提高镁合金蠕变抗力的方法。指出了目前抗蠕变方面存在的问题,对其今后的发展方向进行了展望,旨在为抗蠕变耐热镁合金的开发提供思路和依据。

抗蠕变耐热镁合金的发展现状

讨论了镁合金抗高温蠕变机理和提高镁合金抗高温蠕变的途径,重点介绍了Mg-Al系、Mg-Zn系和Mg-RE系耐热铸造镁合金的研究现状;对高性能耐热镁合金的发展趋势提出了一些见解,认为应该进一步优化合金元素,以解决铸造镁合金在耐高温、抗蠕变等方面存在的问题。

Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.3Zr合金的蠕变行为

研究Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.3Zr合金在不同温度（200-300℃）和应力（30-110MPa）条件下的蠕变行为,利用金相显微镜、透射电镜等分析蠕变过程中合金组织的演变。结果表明：温度较低时（200-250℃）,蠕变曲线分为瞬时和稳态蠕变两部分,利用Arrhenius公式计算出合金的平均应力指数n=2,由此判断蠕变机制是晶界滑移机制,平均蠕变激活能Q=85.6kJ/mol;当温度为300℃时,合金经过短暂的瞬时蠕变和稳态蠕变阶段后,很快进入断裂阶段。n=4.2,蠕变机制为位错攀移机制,Q=145.5 kJ/mol。在温度较低时,稀土元素所形成的析出相β￠相阻碍位错的运动,从而提高合金的抗蠕变能力;随蠕变温度升高,析出相转变为β相,在晶界处聚集长大,使晶界处易产生应力集中,促使孔洞的形成,导致合金发生蠕变断裂。