Compounds from the flowers and fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench

The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)and six phenolic acids(1-3,7,9-10).The structures of the compounds were elucidated through extensive spectra analyses and comparison of the experimental data with reported data.It is worth mentioning that compounds 1,2 and 5-10 were isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)for the first time.

Agro Morphological Characterization and Evaluation of Three Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] Varieties from Zinder (Niger) for Yield and Other Variability Components

Okra, (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), is grown as a sole crop and as a field crop in Niger. In the present study, three okra varieties from Zinder region in Niger Republic have been assessed for their agronomic performance traits. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the dry season 2018-2019. The following characters were evaluated: emergence;germination;boutonization flowering;fructificaion;height at flowering;height at maturity;length of the petiole;diameter of leaves;diameter of plants;number of fruits;number of fruit per branch;total number of fruits;number of branch, number of leaves;length of fruits;diameter of fruits;number of arrets;weight of fruits;weight of seed, number of seeds. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using XlStat version 7.1 and the means separated by using Turkey’s Method. Analysis of Principal components (PCA) using R software was also performed on the variables. There were significant differences for all characters except emergence, germination, diameter of plants, number of fruits, total number of fruits and diameter of fruits. The multivariate analysis by the ACP showed a grouping of the varieties in three groups. The three okra varieties have revealed good performances and could be useful for a breeding program. The study of the water needs of the varieties will be very interesting to make a better selection of the collection.

黄秋葵叶粉对海兰褐蛋鸡部分生产性能及蛋品质的影响

研究了黄秋葵叶粉对产蛋高峰期海兰褐蛋鸡部分生产性能和蛋品质的影响,旨在找出最适宜添加量,为进一步开发新型天然饲料添加剂奠定基础。试验组黄秋葵叶粉添加量分别为3%(T3)、4%(T4)、5%(T5)、6%(T6),对照组为不添加黄秋葵叶粉组(0%,T0)。试验共进行12周,预饲期1周。结果表明:试验组蛋重较对照组均有不同程度的提高,T3、T4组的产蛋率、产蛋量比对照组有所提高,T4、T5组采食量和T4组的料蛋比较对照组有所降低;各试验组在试验鸡蛋黄的着色效果均较对照组有显著提高(p<0.05);各试验组哈夫单位较对照组均有提高,其中T3、T4组较对照组差异显著(p<0.05);各组蛋形指数、蛋黄相对重和蛋壳相对重比对照组都略有提高,T4组蛋黄相对重与对照组有显著提高(p<0.05)。这表明,饲料中添加适量黄秋葵叶粉具有提高海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的作用,其中以4%的添加量效果最好。

黄秋葵叶粉对海兰褐蛋鸡盲肠微生物及肠道组织结构的影响

试验旨在研究饲料中添加黄秋葵叶粉对海兰褐壳蛋鸡肠道微生物及肠道组织结构的影响。选取处于同一生产水平的海兰褐壳蛋鸡450只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只,试验组黄秋葵叶粉添加量分别为3%(T3)、4%(T4)、5%(T5)、6%(T6),对照组为不添加黄秋葵叶粉组(0%,T0)。试验预试期1W,正试期12W。结果表明日粮中添加黄秋葵叶粉可在一定程度上降低大肠杆菌的数量,促进盲肠中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的增殖,其中以4%添加量效果最好。在42d和84d时屠宰,试验组鸡回肠、空肠和十二指肠的肠壁厚度较对照组均有提高,其中84d时各试验组空肠肠壁厚度极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);试验组回肠、空肠和十二指肠的绒毛高度(VH)及绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)均显著高于对照组;42d时,试验组T3、T4回肠和各试验组空肠隐窝深度较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),试验组十二指肠隐窝深度较对照组均有所下降,差异不显著;84d时,各试验组回肠及T3、T4组空肠和十二指肠隐窝深度较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。这表明,日粮中添加适量黄秋葵叶粉在一定程度上具有改善蛋鸡肠道微生物菌群和肠道组织结构的作用,其中以4%的添加量效果最好。

黄秋葵在攀西地区的试种表现

试种结果表明,黄秋葵在四川攀西地区丰产性好,是一种有巨大潜力的新型蔬菜。

特稀蔬菜——黄秋葵

黄秋葵是一种近年来在我国局部地区引种种植的专供出口的蔬菜,有望在全国大面积推广。本文从生物学特性、品种、对环境条件的要求以及栽培技术等方面对黄秋葵进行了介绍。

不同秋葵品种的生育特性和营养品质比较研究

以秋葵[Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench]品种五福(A.esculentus cv.Wufu)、五星(A.esculentus cv.Gosei)、南洋(A.esculentus cv.Nanyang)、红娇1号(A.esculentus cv.Akaokura beni)为试材,测定了4个秋葵品种的生育特性、形态特征、营养品质,并用隶属函数法对营养品质进行了综合分析。结果表明,红娇1号含水量最高(91.5%),黄酮类似物含量最高(3.0%),果胶含量和蛋白质含量均较高[21.5%、2.0 mg/100 g(FW)],因此推荐为市场首选;其次,五福和五星的果胶含量类似(22.5%、22.6%),含水量也一致(90.4%),但低于红娇1号,因此应该成为市场的第二选择;而南洋品种的含水量、黄酮类似物含量、蛋白质和果胶含量均最低,因此应该逐渐被市场淘汰。

Epidemiology of Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (OYVMV) and Its Management through Tracer, Mycotal and Imidacloprid

Field trials were conducted to evaluate the epidemiological factors of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Four varieties of okra were subjected to screening and evaluation of the chemicals. The variety Saloni F1 was highly resistant while Subz Pari was moderately resistant. Diksha was the tolerant variety while Lush Green was moderately susceptible. The chemical Imidacloprid was most effective to control whitefly population and okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Correlation of environmental factors (maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) with percent plant infection of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) was also determined. There was a significant correlation between environment and disease severity.

山桐子林下套种黄秋葵田间试验

选取5个黄秋葵[Abelmoschusesculentus(Linn.)Moench]品种,分别在山桐子(IdesiapolycarpaMaxim.)林下开展套种试验,分析比较其生长特性和产量等指标。结果表明,不同黄秋葵品种,其生育期、形态特征表现不同,单位面积产量存在显著差异。绿箭和五福产量最高,最适合在山桐子林下套种。

黄秋葵中黄酮类化合物超声辅助醇提工艺研究

以黄秋葵为原材料,采用超声辅助醇提的方法提取黄酮类化合物,通过单因素试验和正交试验相结合的方法,确定了黄秋葵中提取黄酮类化合物的最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度60%、料液比1∶25、浸提时间30 min、浸提温度80℃,在此条件下黄酮提取率为2.41%。研究的结果能为商洛市相关产业的发展提供一定的理论依据,对类似的研究也有一定的借鉴价值。

响应面法优化黄秋葵籽油萃取工艺

采用超临界二氧化碳萃取黄秋葵籽中的油脂,研究萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间和CO2流速对油脂萃取率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上选取试验因素和水平,根据中心组合试验设计采用因素三水平响应面分析方法,拟合试验因素与响应值的多元二次方程,对各个因素的显著性及交互作用进行分析,运用Design Expert 8.0.6优化试验条件。得到最佳工艺参数为萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度55℃,萃取时间150 min,CO2流量30 L/h,在此条件下黄秋葵籽油萃取率为19.6%。

不同产地黄秋葵中5种黄酮成分HPLC分析

目的建立HPLC法测定12个不同产地黄秋葵中槲皮素-3-O-龙胆二糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素、5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮的含量,为其合理开发利用提供参考。方法采用COSMOSIL色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5.4μm);以乙腈和0.2%的磷酸水溶液为流动性进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为353nm,体积流量1mL/min。结果槲皮素-3-O-龙胆二糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素、5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮分别在15.72~251.50μg/mL(r=0.999 5)、15.47~247.50μg/mL(r=0.999 6)、14.41~230.50μg/mL(r=0.999 5)、21.88~350.00μg/mL(r=0.999 7)、17.25~276.00μg/mL(r=0.999 1)浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系;平均加样回收率分别为97.46%、96.74%、100.21%、95.66%、98.35%,RSD为1.97%、1.37%、1.86%、2.72%、2.23%。结论方法简单易行、准确度高,适合于同时测定槲皮素-3-O-龙胆二糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素、5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮的含量,可作为黄秋葵质量评价的方法之一。