In order to design the relief system size of di-tert-butyl peroxide(DTBP) storage tanks,the runaway re-action of DTBP was simulated by accelerating rate calorimeter(ARC).The results indicated that under adiabatic cond...In order to design the relief system size of di-tert-butyl peroxide(DTBP) storage tanks,the runaway re-action of DTBP was simulated by accelerating rate calorimeter(ARC).The results indicated that under adiabatic conditions the initial exothermic temperature was 102.6 ℃,the maximum self-heating rate was 3.095×107 ℃·min-1,the maximum self-heating temperature was 375.9 ℃,and the pressure produced by unit mass was 4.512 MPa·g-1.Judged by ARC test,the emergency relief system for DTBP was a hybrid system.Based on Design Institute for Emergency Relief System(DIERS) method,the releasing mass flow rate W was determined by Leung methods,and the mass velocity G was calculated by two modified Omega methods.The two relief sizes calculated by monograph Omega method and arithmetic Omega method are close,with only 0.63% relative error.The monograph Omega method is more convenient to apply.展开更多
The accelerating rate calorimeter was applied to study the thermal hazard of two kinds of organic peroxides, i.e. methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO). And their thermal decomposition charac...The accelerating rate calorimeter was applied to study the thermal hazard of two kinds of organic peroxides, i.e. methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO). And their thermal decomposition characteristics were discussed. Meanwhile, thermal decomposition characteristics of MEKPO and BPO vvere compared. The result indicated that MEKPO is more sensitive to thermal effect than BPO. While once the thermal decomposition takes place. BPO will be more hazardous than MEKPO due to its serious pressure effect. Thermal kinetic analysis of these two kinds of organic peroxides was also taken, and the kinetic parameters for them were calculated. The study of thermal decomposition of MEKPO solution with different initial concentrations indicated that, the lower concentration MEKPO solution is, the higher onset temperature will be. And with the addition of organic solvent, it becomes more difficult for MEKPO to reach a thermal decomposition. Therefore, its thermal hazard is reduced.展开更多
The explosivity experiment of anti-explosive ammonium nitrate (AEAN) shows that the explosive characteristic of AEAN is eliminated. The adiabatic decompositions of ammonium nitrate and AEAN were investigated with an a...The explosivity experiment of anti-explosive ammonium nitrate (AEAN) shows that the explosive characteristic of AEAN is eliminated. The adiabatic decompositions of ammonium nitrate and AEAN were investigated with an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). The curves of thermal decomposition temperature and pressure versus time, self-heating rate and pressure versus temperature for two systems were obtained. The kinetic parameters such as apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were calculated. The safety of AEAN was analyzed. It was indicated that AEAN has a higher thermal stability than AN. At the same time, it can be shown that the elimination of its explosive characteristic is due to the improvement on the thermal stability of AEAN.展开更多
The thermal decompositions of two systems(No.1, KClO3(52.2％ )/CuO(26.0％ )/S(9.6％ )/Mg- Al(3.5％ )/C6Cl6(4.35％ ) and No.2,KClO3(52.2％ )/CuO(26.0％ )/S(9.6％ )/Mg- Al(3.5％ )/C6Cl6(4.35％ )) are studied using Accel...The thermal decompositions of two systems(No.1, KClO3(52.2％ )/CuO(26.0％ )/S(9.6％ )/Mg- Al(3.5％ )/C6Cl6(4.35％ ) and No.2,KClO3(52.2％ )/CuO(26.0％ )/S(9.6％ )/Mg- Al(3.5％ )/C6Cl6(4.35％ )) are studied using Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC). Temperature vs time curve and pressure vs time curve of reactions are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2 respectively. The basic data including reaction time(1.3 and 7.3 min respectively), initial temperature(159 and 150℃ respectively),temperature at the maximum rate(272 and 272℃ respectively), the maximum pressure(420 and 190 kPa respectively) and the activation energies(175.6 and 135.2 kJ· mol－ 1 respectively) of the thermal decomposition are given to evaluate the safety of the two systems. Results indicate that system No.2 is safer than system No.1. Compared with the traditional methods, ARC technique can be used to measure temperature and pressure of exothermic reaction concurrently, to find the tiny exothermicity and to determine the initial temperature of exothermic reaction.展开更多
文摘In order to design the relief system size of di-tert-butyl peroxide(DTBP) storage tanks,the runaway re-action of DTBP was simulated by accelerating rate calorimeter(ARC).The results indicated that under adiabatic conditions the initial exothermic temperature was 102.6 ℃,the maximum self-heating rate was 3.095×107 ℃·min-1,the maximum self-heating temperature was 375.9 ℃,and the pressure produced by unit mass was 4.512 MPa·g-1.Judged by ARC test,the emergency relief system for DTBP was a hybrid system.Based on Design Institute for Emergency Relief System(DIERS) method,the releasing mass flow rate W was determined by Leung methods,and the mass velocity G was calculated by two modified Omega methods.The two relief sizes calculated by monograph Omega method and arithmetic Omega method are close,with only 0.63% relative error.The monograph Omega method is more convenient to apply.
文摘The accelerating rate calorimeter was applied to study the thermal hazard of two kinds of organic peroxides, i.e. methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO). And their thermal decomposition characteristics were discussed. Meanwhile, thermal decomposition characteristics of MEKPO and BPO vvere compared. The result indicated that MEKPO is more sensitive to thermal effect than BPO. While once the thermal decomposition takes place. BPO will be more hazardous than MEKPO due to its serious pressure effect. Thermal kinetic analysis of these two kinds of organic peroxides was also taken, and the kinetic parameters for them were calculated. The study of thermal decomposition of MEKPO solution with different initial concentrations indicated that, the lower concentration MEKPO solution is, the higher onset temperature will be. And with the addition of organic solvent, it becomes more difficult for MEKPO to reach a thermal decomposition. Therefore, its thermal hazard is reduced.
文摘The explosivity experiment of anti-explosive ammonium nitrate (AEAN) shows that the explosive characteristic of AEAN is eliminated. The adiabatic decompositions of ammonium nitrate and AEAN were investigated with an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). The curves of thermal decomposition temperature and pressure versus time, self-heating rate and pressure versus temperature for two systems were obtained. The kinetic parameters such as apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were calculated. The safety of AEAN was analyzed. It was indicated that AEAN has a higher thermal stability than AN. At the same time, it can be shown that the elimination of its explosive characteristic is due to the improvement on the thermal stability of AEAN.
文摘The thermal decompositions of two systems(No.1, KClO3(52.2％ )/CuO(26.0％ )/S(9.6％ )/Mg- Al(3.5％ )/C6Cl6(4.35％ ) and No.2,KClO3(52.2％ )/CuO(26.0％ )/S(9.6％ )/Mg- Al(3.5％ )/C6Cl6(4.35％ )) are studied using Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC). Temperature vs time curve and pressure vs time curve of reactions are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2 respectively. The basic data including reaction time(1.3 and 7.3 min respectively), initial temperature(159 and 150℃ respectively),temperature at the maximum rate(272 and 272℃ respectively), the maximum pressure(420 and 190 kPa respectively) and the activation energies(175.6 and 135.2 kJ· mol－ 1 respectively) of the thermal decomposition are given to evaluate the safety of the two systems. Results indicate that system No.2 is safer than system No.1. Compared with the traditional methods, ARC technique can be used to measure temperature and pressure of exothermic reaction concurrently, to find the tiny exothermicity and to determine the initial temperature of exothermic reaction.
