Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are bioactive peptides with antibacterial activity, generally composed of 10-60 amino acid residues, and are cationic peptides with amphiphilic structures. It has broad-spectrum antibacte...Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are bioactive peptides with antibacterial activity, generally composed of 10-60 amino acid residues, and are cationic peptides with amphiphilic structures. It has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, and also has antiviral, antitumor, antifungal and other effects, and is recognized as the most potential antibiotic alternative. This paper mainly takes the defensin Acipensins1 as an example to introduce the molecular structure of antimicrobial peptides, expounds and analyzes the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides that have been discovered, and summarizes the experiments of O. V. Shamova. The antimicrobial activity and safety of Acipensins1 are analyzed and compared, and the antimicrobial peptides are listed. Many applications of peptides, and finally put forward the prospect of designing and constructing hybrid antimicrobial peptides, hoping to provide some theoretical support for the research and application of antimicrobial peptides in the future.展开更多
Biomarke rs are required for the early detection,prognosis prediction,and monitoring of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,a progressive disease.Proteomics is an unbiased and quantitative method that can be used to detect ...Biomarke rs are required for the early detection,prognosis prediction,and monitoring of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,a progressive disease.Proteomics is an unbiased and quantitative method that can be used to detect neurochemical signatures to aid in the identification of candidate biomarke rs.In this study,we used a label-free quantitative proteomics approach to screen for substantially differentially regulated proteins in ten patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral scle rosis compared with five healthy controls.Su bstantial upregulation of serum proteins related to multiple functional clusters was observed in patients with spo radic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Potential biomarke rs were selected based on functionality and expression specificity.To validate the proteomics profiles,blood samples from an additional cohort comprising 100 patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 100 healthy controls were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Eight substantially upregulated serum proteins in patients with spora dic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were selected,of which the cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide demonstrated the best discriminative ability between patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and healthy controls(area under the curve[AUC]=0.713,P<0.0001).To further enhance diagnostic accuracy,a multi-protein combined discriminant algorithm was developed incorporating five proteins(hemoglobin beta,cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide,talin-1,zyxin,and translationally-controlled tumor protein).The algo rithm achieved an AUC of 0.811 and a P-value of<0.0001,resulting in 79%sensitivity and 71%specificity for the diagnosis of sporadic amyotrophic lateral scle rosis.Subsequently,the ability of candidate biomarkers to discriminate between early-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and controls,as well as patients with different disease severities,was examined.A two-protein panel comprising talin-1 and translationally-controlled tumor protein effectively distinguished early-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients from controls(AUC=0.766,P<0.0001).Moreove r,the expression of three proteins(FK506 binding protein 1A,cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide,and hemoglobin beta-1)was found to increase with disease progression.The proteomic signatures developed in this study may help facilitate early diagnosis and monitor the progression of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis when used in co mbination with curre nt clinical-based parameters.展开更多
文摘Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are bioactive peptides with antibacterial activity, generally composed of 10-60 amino acid residues, and are cationic peptides with amphiphilic structures. It has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, and also has antiviral, antitumor, antifungal and other effects, and is recognized as the most potential antibiotic alternative. This paper mainly takes the defensin Acipensins1 as an example to introduce the molecular structure of antimicrobial peptides, expounds and analyzes the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides that have been discovered, and summarizes the experiments of O. V. Shamova. The antimicrobial activity and safety of Acipensins1 are analyzed and compared, and the antimicrobial peptides are listed. Many applications of peptides, and finally put forward the prospect of designing and constructing hybrid antimicrobial peptides, hoping to provide some theoretical support for the research and application of antimicrobial peptides in the future.
基金supported by the grants from Shanghai Shuguang Plan Project,No.18SG15(to SC)Shanghai Outstanding Young Scholars Project+2 种基金Shanghai Talent Development Project,No.2019044(to SC)Medical-engineering cross fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,No.YG2022QN009(to QZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82201558(to QZ)。
文摘Biomarke rs are required for the early detection,prognosis prediction,and monitoring of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,a progressive disease.Proteomics is an unbiased and quantitative method that can be used to detect neurochemical signatures to aid in the identification of candidate biomarke rs.In this study,we used a label-free quantitative proteomics approach to screen for substantially differentially regulated proteins in ten patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral scle rosis compared with five healthy controls.Su bstantial upregulation of serum proteins related to multiple functional clusters was observed in patients with spo radic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Potential biomarke rs were selected based on functionality and expression specificity.To validate the proteomics profiles,blood samples from an additional cohort comprising 100 patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 100 healthy controls were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Eight substantially upregulated serum proteins in patients with spora dic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were selected,of which the cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide demonstrated the best discriminative ability between patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and healthy controls(area under the curve[AUC]=0.713,P<0.0001).To further enhance diagnostic accuracy,a multi-protein combined discriminant algorithm was developed incorporating five proteins(hemoglobin beta,cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide,talin-1,zyxin,and translationally-controlled tumor protein).The algo rithm achieved an AUC of 0.811 and a P-value of<0.0001,resulting in 79%sensitivity and 71%specificity for the diagnosis of sporadic amyotrophic lateral scle rosis.Subsequently,the ability of candidate biomarkers to discriminate between early-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and controls,as well as patients with different disease severities,was examined.A two-protein panel comprising talin-1 and translationally-controlled tumor protein effectively distinguished early-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients from controls(AUC=0.766,P<0.0001).Moreove r,the expression of three proteins(FK506 binding protein 1A,cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide,and hemoglobin beta-1)was found to increase with disease progression.The proteomic signatures developed in this study may help facilitate early diagnosis and monitor the progression of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis when used in co mbination with curre nt clinical-based parameters.
