Research progress on synergetic effects of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)and Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis)/Gualou(Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim)

The compatibility of Chinese herbs is the focus and the difficulty in traditional Chinese medicine research,and it has an important guiding role for clinical medicine.Some scholars believe that the Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,FZ)compatibility with Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis,TBM)/Gualou(Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim,GL)does not meet the Chinese medicine theory of“eighteen incompatibilities”.However,this combination has been used many times in many clinical medications.This study reviewed the research progress of pharmacological effects of FZ,and FZ compatibility with TBM/GL,in order to correctly understand and apply the“eighteen incompatibilities”drugs,and provide a reference for further exploration of the combined application in clinical treatment.

Research Progress in Toxicity and Toxicity-reducing and Efficacy-enhancing Compatibility of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata

Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata contains alkaloids,flavonoids,polysaccharides,organic acids and organic alkalis,among which diester alkaloids are important effective ingredients,which can be used for treating heart failure,rheumatic heart disease,coronary heart disease,hypotension,shock and other diseases.However,it also contains the main ingredients that produce toxic effects and are highly toxic to the cardiovascular system,nervous system,digestive system,reproductive system,embryos,and livers and kidneys.In this study,we analyzed the toxicity-reducing and efficacy-enhancing effects of the compatibility of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata with with single herbs Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.,Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer,Zingiber ojjicinale Rosc.and Rheum palmatum L.,aiming to provide references for further exploring the appropriate compatibility conditions of traditional Chinese medicine in the future and improving the safety of the clinical application of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata.

Energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)

Objective:To study the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Methods:Literature induction method was applied to study the energy properties,energy pharmacological connotation,and energy pharmacological effects of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Results:The warm and hot properties of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)are exactly its energy properties.The energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is based on its energy properties,which is different from the modern aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)pharmacology that is based on the chemical composition of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).In addition,the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)includes not only the traditional energy pharmacology but also the modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).The traditional energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is mainly manifested as the energy effect of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)at the whole-body level,warm yang and dissipate cold,whereas the modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is manifested as the physiological and pathological energy effect of warm and thermal energy properties of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)at the tissue,cellular,and molecular levels of the body,mainly strengthening the heart,protecting cardiac muscles,dilating blood vessels,and having anti-arrhythmia,anti-shock,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,and antineoplastic effects.The traditional energy pharmacology and modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)constitute the basic connotation of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)energy pharmacology.For the aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)energy pharmacology,there is a substantial foundation,its chemical components such as alkaloids.In addition,the toxicity of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is a manifestation of its energy pharmacology.Conclusion:aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)has energy properties that have substantial foundation.The energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is based on its high energy and hot properties and includes the traditional energy pharmacology and modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).

Optimization of the Ethanol Extraction Method of Monoester Alkaloids from Radix Aconiti Preparata Based on HPLC-MS and Orthogonal Test

[Objectives] This study was conducted to optimize the ethanol extraction technology of monoester alkaloids from Radix Aconiti Preparata. [Methods]On the basis of defined extraction times,ethanol concentration,ethanol times and extraction time were investigated by HPLC-MS combined with orthogonal test to optimize extraction process using the content of monoester alkaloids( the sum of benzoyl neoaconitine,benzoyl hypoaconitine and benzoyl aconitine) as an index.[Results]The optimum ethanol extraction technology was as follows: 75% ethanol,ethanol amount 25 times of the medicinal material,and each extraction for 1. 5 h.[Conclusions] The optimal extraction technology is simple,feasible,stable and reliable. It can provide reference for the industrial production and quality control of monoester alkaloids from Radix Aconiti Preparata.

Determination of Benzoylaconitine Compounds in the Decoctions of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Heishun Pieces),Trichosanthis Fructus and Their Combination

[Objectives]This study was conducted to determine the contents of benzoylmesaconine,benzoylaconitine and benzoylhypacoitine in the decoctions of Heishun pieces,Trichosanthis Fructus and their combination.[Methods]Heishun pieces,Trichosanthis Fructus and their combination were extracted for different time periods,and then grouped.HPLC was performed using an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C 18 chromatographic column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)and acetonitrile-0.02 mol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a column temperature of 30℃,and the sample volume was 20μL.The detection wavelength was 230 nm.[Results]The total amounts of benzoylmesaconine,benzoylaconitine and benzoylhypacoitine in the single decoction group of Heishun pieces were all significantly different from those in the combined decoction group at corresponding time.[Conclusions]The total content of the benzoylaconitine type increased significantly after the combined decoction of Heishun pieces and Fructus Trichosanthis,which proves the scientificity of"eighteen incompatible medicaments,19 counteraction"in traditional Chinese medicine to some extent.

Effects of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata and Rhizoma Zingiberis on Energy Metabolism and Expression of the Genes Related to Metabolism in Rats

Objective： To study the influence of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis, two species of Chinese medicinal herbs with hot property, on energy metabolism and gene expression spectrum, and to analyze the possible mechanism of their effects. Methods： Forty-eight specific pathogen free Wistar rats were randomly divided into a Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group, a Rhizoma zingiberis group, and a control group. They were intragastrically treated with concentrated decoction of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata, Rhizoma zingiberis and normal saline respectively for 20 days. Toe temperature （TT）, energy intake （El）, digestible energy （DE）, and metabolizable energy （ME） were measured. The content of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and energy charge （EC） in hepatic tissue were measured with high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activity of ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） in the liver were detected with chemical colorimetry. The gene expression in the liver was detected with Illumina＇s rat Ref-12 gene array. The differential expression genes were selected, annotated and classified based on Gene Ontology （GO）. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR （Q-RT-PCR） was used to test the accuracy of results. Results： Compared with the control group, the -I-r on the 10^th day after the beginning of administration and ATP in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups increased significantly （P〈0.05）. El/body mass （BM）, DE/BM, ME/BM, the hepatic EC and the activity of Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase, Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase and SDH of liver increased significantly only in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group （P〈0.05）. There were 592 differential expression genes in the Radix aconiti/ateralis preparata group and 1 159 in the Rhizoma zingiberis group compared with the control group. Among the differential expression genes, genes related to metabolic processes were the most significant based on GO analysis. There were 337 strips of gene differential expression in common in both Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups compared with the control group. Conclusions： Herbs with hot property such as Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis could improve the energy metabolism in rats, through influencing the metabolic process of sugar, lipid, and amino acid. It could also promote the production, storage, and utilization of energy by regulating the gene expression related to metabolism, which may be the main molecular mechanism of warming yang and dispelling cold for the treatment of the cold syndrome according to Chinese medicine theory.

Synergetic effects of aqueous extracts of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cells

OBJECTIVE: To test the synergistic effects of the aqueous extract of Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells.METHODS: A combined index was created for the effects of Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) extracts. Cell proliferation was performed by trypan blue exclusion and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3- carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS) assays. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Cell migration was determined by wound-healing and transwell assays. Confocal microscopy was used to detect E-cadherin and actin filaments.RESULTS: The aqueous extract from Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) exerted synergetic effects on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells and G1 phase arrest.When exposed to extracts at concentrations of 62.5∶62.5 and 62.5∶31.3 μg/m L, the combination index was 0.83 and 0.74, respectively. Interestingly, 62.5∶31.3 μg/m L of combined drugs enhanced the inhibitory effect of Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis)on the migration of SKBR3 cells and reduced the stimulative effect of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)(P < 0.01), in which cells showed an increased expression of E-cadherin and reorganization of actin filaments(P < 0.001). 62.5∶62.5 μg/m L extract also synergistically induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells(P < 0.05 and P < 0.001). Acting as the main active ingredients in the extract, tubeimoside I and acetylbenzoylaconine at 10∶10 μg/m L and 5∶2.5 μg/m L also produced inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of cells(P <0.01).CONCLUSION: Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis)and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) extracts had synergic effects on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cells.

Efficacy of Renshen(Radix Ginseng) plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) on myocardial infarction by enhancing autophagy in rats

OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the protective effects of Renshen(Radix Ginseng)and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)on myocardial infarction(MI)through regulating myocardial autophagy.METHODS:Thirty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups(n=6 or 7 for each).After treatment for 3 weeks,electrocardiogram(ECG)and cardiac function were recorded.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to detect pathological changes in the heart.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),cardiac troponin T(c Tn T),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and serum inflammatory cytokines.Metabolomic analysis was used to identify differential biomarkers of MI in rats.Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect BNP,cTnT,TNF-α,LC3B,Beclin-1,p62,and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase(AMPK)expression in cardiac tissue.RESULTS:Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)alone or Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)markedly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and abnormal ECGs,demonstrated by decreases in the heart weight/body weight ratio,BNP,and c Tn T.Pro-inflammation cytokine interleukin(IL)-1αsignificantly decreased and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 significantly increased in Renshen(Radix Ginseng)single or Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)groups compared with the control group.HE results suggested that co-treatment produced a greater reduction in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area than Renshen(Radix Ginseng)or Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)alone.Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)reversed these changes to different degrees in MI rats.Furthermore,Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)down-regulated LC3 B,Beclin-1,and AMPK expression in cardiac tissue and upregulated p62 expression.CONCLUSIONS:Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)may have a greater effect on heart injury induced by MI in rats than Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)treatment alone,and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the regulation of myocardial autophagy and anti-inflammation effects.These results provide fresh insight into the mechanism of co-treatment with Renshen(Radix Ginseng)and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)for MI.

Relationship between cardiotonic activity of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)and its fingerprint determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between the cardiotonic activity of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,RALP)and its fingerprint determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).METHODS:First,the fingerprints of six processed products of RALP were established by high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS)followed by analysis of the principal component of the relative peak area of its common peaks.Next,the scores of the first five principal components were used as input for an artificial neural network(ANN).Additionally,the therapeutic effect of RALP was assessed by measuring the hemodynamic indexes of heart failure model rats.Subsequently,fluorescence semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit were used to determine the effects of RALP-processed products on the serum levels of noradrenaline(NA),angiotensin-Ⅰ(Ang-Ⅰ),and the expression ofβ-norepinephrine receptor m RNA(β-NRm)in the rat cardiac tissues.P<0.05 was used as the output of the ANN.Finally,a network was constructed to display the relationship between the LC-MS fingerprints and the cardiotonic activity of the RALP-processed products.RESULTS:Several types of RALPs can improve diastolic function,systolic function and heart rate.On the basis of the findings from the principal component analysis(PCA)of 16 common peaks of fingerprints of six RALP-processed products,it was revealed that the first five principal components may include 100%of the information of the original data.As observed from the multilayer perceptron neural network analysis,principal component 4 presented with the strongest effects on serum levels of NA and Ang-Ⅰin rats,while principal component1 exerted the greatest effect onβ-NRm expression in cardiac tissue.CONCLUSION:The key findings obtained from this study indicated that the network constructed by the PCA-ANN may predict pharmacodynamic effects of the main ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).This method may serve as a new approach to identify the relationship between LC-MS fingerprints and the pharmacodynamic effects of TCM ingredients.

A feasible,economical,and accurate analytical method for simultaneous determination of six alkaloid markers in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata from different manufacturing sources and processing ways

Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fuzi) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in clinic for its potency in restoring yang and rescuing from collapse. Aconiti alkaloids, mainly including monoester-diterpenoidaconitines(MDAs) and diester-diterpenoidaconitines(DDAs), are considered to act as both bioactive and toxic constituents. In the present study, a feasible, economical, and accurate HPLC method for simultaneous determination of six alkaloid markers using the Single Standard for Determination of Multi-Components(SSDMC) method was developed and fully validated. Benzoylmesaconine was used as the unique reference standard. This method was proven as accurate(recovery varying between 97.5%-101.8%, RSD < 3%), precise(RSD 0.63%-2.05%), and linear(R > 0.999 9) over the concentration ranges, and subsequently applied to quantitative evaluation of 62 batches of samples, among which 45 batches were from good manufacturing practice(GMP) facilities and 17 batches from the drug market. The contents were then analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA) and homogeneity test. The present study provided valuable information for improving the quality standard of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata. The developed method also has the potential in analysis of other Aconitum species, such as Aconitum carmichaelii(prepared parent root) and Aconitum kusnezoffii(prepared root).

Inhibitory effect of Sumu(Lignum Sappan) plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata) on a lung carcinoma model

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Sumu(Lignum Sappan) plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)(SF) on the growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma.METHODS: A lung carcinoma model was established by subcutaneously inoculating Lewis lung carcinoma cells into C57 BL/6 mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups of 13 mice(control, low-dose, moderate-dose, and high-dose), and gavaged once-daily for 21 consecutive days. The rates of tumor inhibition, metastasis, and metastasis inhibition were observed. The differential expressions of s P-selectin and vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGFC) were compared between the treatment groups and the control group.RESULTS: The tumor weights differed significantly between the treatment groups and the control group(P < 0.05). Administration of SF in the moderate-dosage and low-dose groups significantly inhibited the expression of s P-selectin and VEGFC(both P < 0.05), suggesting anti-tumor activity.CONCLUSION: SF can inhibit the growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma.

Study on Hot Property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Its Compatibility with Zingiberis Rhizoma Based on Animal Temperature Tropism

Objective To establish an objective method for evaluating the intrinsic characteristics between hot and cold properties of herbal drugs and to study the hot property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP) and its compatibility with Zingiberis Rhizoma(ZR) on animal temperature tropism.Methods The equipment with cold/hot pads was used to investigate the variety of temperature tropism among mice treated by ALRP and its compatibility with ZR.Meanwhile,the activities of adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase),total anti-oxidant capability(T-AOC),and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) were measured.Results Compared with the homologous ALRP group,the compatibility between ALRP and ZR(AZ) had a stronger action against the decreasing of remaining rate on hot pad(P < 0.05),suggesting an enhancement of cold tropism.Meanwhile,the internal indexes of Na+-K+-ATPase activity,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,and oxygen consuming volume increased significantly(P < 0.05),suggesting an enhancement of energy metabolism.The changes of T-AOC and T-SOD activity suggested that AZ reinforced the anti-oxidative capability of mice.In addition,it could be inferred from cluster analysis that the activity of AZ was concretely stronger than that of homologous ALRP.Conclusion ALRP and ZR are both herbs with hot property,but AZ has an enhanced trend of hot property.This external behavior of cold tropism and the internal activity of energy metabolism and anti-oxidant might reflect the internal hot property in an intuitive and objective way.The changes of ATPase activity of liver tissue might be the mechanism of drug action.

Hot Property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and its Compatibility with Zingiberis Rhizoma Based on Animal Temperature Tropism

Abstract: Objective To establish an objective method for evaluating the intrinsic characteristics between hot and cold properties of herbal drugs and to study the hot property of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (ALRP) and its compatibility with Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR) on animal temperature tropism. Methods The equipment with cold/hot pads was used to investigate the variety of temperature tropism among mice treated by ALRP and its compatibility with ZR. Meanwhile, the activities of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), total anti-oxidant capability (T-AOC), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were measured. Results Compared with the homologous ALRP group, the compatibility between ALRP and ZR (AZ) had a stronger action against the decreasing of remaining rate on hot pad (P 【 0.05), suggesting an enhancement of cold tropism. Meanwhile, the internal indexes of Na+-K+-ATPase activity, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity, and oxygen consuming volume increased significantly (P 【 0.05), suggesting an enhancement of energy metabolism. The changes of T-AOC and T-SOD activity suggested that AZ reinforced the anti-oxidative capability of mice. In addition, it could be inferred from cluster analysis that the activity of AZ was concretely stronger than that of homologous ALRP. Conclusion ALRP and ZR are both herbs with hot property, but AZ has an enhanced trend of hot property. This external behavior of cold tropism and the internal activity of energy metabolism and anti-oxidant might reflect the internal hot property in an intuitive and objective way. The changes of ATPase activity of liver tissue might be the mechanism of drug action.

陕产附子炮制前后急性毒性及强心作用研究

目的:考察陕产附子炮制前后的急性毒性和强心作用。方法:通过对生附子LD_(50)的测定和自制黑顺片最大耐受量实验比较生附子和自制黑顺片的急性毒性;通过复制慢性心衰大鼠模型,检测大鼠体质量、心脏指数、血流动力学指标,检测血清BNP及cTnI含量以及组织病理学检查比较其强心作用。结果:生附子的半数致死量(LD_(50))为9.45 g/kg,黑顺片的最大耐受量为27.39 g/kg,经炮制后毒性降低。与模型组相比,自制黑顺片组大鼠症状及体征均有改善,能够降低心脏指数、左心室指数降低和左心室舒张压(LVEDP),升高左心室收缩压(LVSP)、收缩期左心室内压上升最大变化速率(+dp/dt_(max))和舒张期左心室内压下降最大变化速率(-dp/dt_(max))(P<0.05,P<0.01);降低血清中脑钠肽(BNP)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)含量(P<0.05);心肌纤维排列相对紧密,胞核清晰可见,但有一定断裂,其中有少量空泡存在,未发现炎性细胞浸润,各指标有明显差异。生附子组各指标有一定程度的改善,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:生附子经炮制后,毒性降低,起到减毒的作用;自制黑顺片较生附子强心作用有显著增强。

从古今角度探析半夏附子配伍应用

“半夏反附子”历来是多数医者谨守的一条中药配伍禁忌,但随着临床实践的验证,一些医者对半夏附子不可配伍的态度也逐渐有了改变,历代医家使用半夏附子药对治疗顽疾的医案不胜枚举。中医药学界经过长年累月的研究,改良了附子的品种和改变了附子的品性,使得附子烈性减缓,毒性减弱;此外,饮片炮制技术的改进以及减毒中药的配伍应用,使得半夏附子配伍变得更加具备可能性与安全性。半夏附子配伍时需注意煎煮时间、剂量与比例等用药安全性因素。医者结合众多医家的用药经验,抓住“阳虚”及“湿盛”的核心病机,在脾胃、肾系、癌痛、妇科、心系、肺系等各系病症中配伍半夏附子均有不错的疗效。本文旨在拓宽临床用药思路,提高临床疗效,并为附子半夏药对临床应用及相关法律法规的修订提供理论依据。

淡附片标准汤剂质量标准研究

目的制备淡附片标准汤剂,进行含量测定及指纹图谱分析。方法制备15批淡附片标准汤剂,通过检测单酯型生物碱的含量计算其转移率;采用HPLC建立淡附片标准汤剂指纹图谱,计算指纹图谱相似度。结果15批淡附片标准汤剂的单酯型生物碱转移率为56.93%~94.06%,平均转移率为78.03%。经HPLC指纹图谱分析,发现共有峰9个,确认其中3个;15批淡附片标准汤剂的指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱相似度均大于0.95。结论本研究建立了淡附片标准汤剂HPLC含量测定和指纹图谱分析方法,可为淡附片中药配方颗粒的质量控制提供参考。

附子及其药对治疗慢性心力衰竭研究进展

慢性心力衰竭(CHF)是多种心血管疾病的终末阶段。中医认为CHF多属本虚标实,病机关键是心肾阳虚。心气虚日久累及心阳,心阳虚贯穿整个病理过程;辨证可分为阳虚血瘀证、阳虚水泛证、心肾阳虚证、阳气虚脱证;治则重在益气温阳。附子为温阳要药,药性刚燥,走而不守,上助心阳以通脉,故在使用温阳法治疗CHF时,多取附子,回阳救逆,常配伍人参、黄芪、干姜、桂枝、甘草等增强补阳功效。本文查阅近年相关文献,重点综述附子及其常用药对治疗CHF的临床应用及机制研究进展,并分析现代医家治疗CHF的临证经验,以期为中医临床治疗CHF提供指导和帮助。

人参再造丸中6种乌头类生物碱的含量测定方法研究

建立人参再造丸(浓缩丸)中6种乌头类生物碱含量的检测方法。采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(UPLC-MS)对人参再造丸(浓缩丸)中双酯型生物和单酯型生物碱的含量进行测定,梯度洗脱模式下,以0.1%甲酸溶液-乙腈为流动相,电喷雾离子源(正离子模式),监测模式为多反应监测。结果表明,6种生物碱均有良好的线性关系,精密度试验、稳定性试验、重复性试验中RSD均低于5%,平均回收率和RSD分别为97.27%~108.29%和1.99%~4.01%。所建立的方法能同时准确、快速地测定人参再造丸(浓缩丸)中6种乌头类生物碱成分的含量,专属性强、灵敏度高、重复性好,能为全面有效管控人参再造丸(浓缩丸)质量提供参考。

Comparative study of anti-inflammatory effects of different processed products through the COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway: based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Background:Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata(Fu-zi)is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,which has been widely used in the clinic and has potent anti-inflammatory activities.we aimed to explore the mechanisms of extract containing alkaloids from different Fu-zi Processed Products(FPP)in treating inflammation,especially rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Firstly,using network pharmacology technology,the ingredients,and targets of Fu-zi were obtained by searching and screening,the targets involving RA were acquired,the intersection targets were constructed a"component-target-pathway"network.A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the anti-rheumatoid arthritis mechanisms of 5 FPPs in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced RAW264.7 cells,which serve as a model for RA.The production of NO and inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA kit.Quantitative Real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)was utilized to measure the mRNA levels.COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway-associated proteins were determined by western blot.Results:According to a network pharmacological study,16 chemical components and 43 common targets were found in Fu-zi and 6 key targets including PTGS2 were closely related to the mechanism of Fu-zi in treating RA.The in vitro study revealed that the levels of NO,TNF-α,and IL-1βwere substantially decreased by the 5 FPPs.The 5 FPPs significantly suppressed the expression of proteins COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB,with particularly notable effects observed for PFZ and XFZ.Conclusion:Altogether,these results demonstrated that the 5 PPS containing alkaloids have a good anti-RA-related inflammatory effect,and the mechanism may be related to COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway,particularly,Fu-zi prepared utilizing a traditional Chinese technique.

响应面法优化活性炭对附子多糖的脱色工艺及抗氧化性研究

采用响应面分析法优化活性炭对附子多糖的脱色工艺,并测定了脱色后的附子多糖的抗氧化性。根据前期的单因素实验结果,以活性炭的用量、脱色的温度和脱色的时间为自变量,脱色率为响应值,利用Box-Benhnken中心组合实验并结合响应面分析法,优化附子多糖的脱色工艺,并通过测定DPPH自由基和羟基自由基的清除率,来评价脱色后的附子多糖的抗氧化性。结果表明,附子多糖的最佳脱色工艺条件为:活性炭用量为1.4%(m/m),脱色温度60℃,脱色时间52min,在此条件下,附子多糖的平均脱色率为84.99%,与预测值(85.22%)接近;附子多糖的质量浓度为0.018~0.090 mg·mL^(-1)时,对DPPH·和·OH的清除率,最大分别为85.54%和72.64%。