Transmission Characteristic Simulation of High Frequency Acousto-Optic Modulators

The way by which one can make sure the operating mode of the modulation is by observing the Comsol results of the designed model of proposed acousto-optic modulator (AOM). These results include the pressure distribution, sound pressure distribution, stress distribution at piezoelectric, far-field analysis that describes the diffracted light orders, and electric potential versus light frequency. Throughout the simulating process of modulator operating using Comsol, it begins when the RF is power by a voltage of 100 V, the light is then split into first ordered diffraction, which implies that the modulator is in the operating mode. The use of semiconductor materials is due to its smaller gap that easily transfers the energy that leads to generating first order diffraction when they provided a voltage power. It mentioned that zero order diffraction indicates the modulator does not run;other orders are appearing with increasing the frequency of light leading to decrease of the efficiency of the modulator performance.

An Advanced Multi-Band Acousto-Optical Radio-Wave Spectrometer with Multi-Channel Frequency Processing for Astrophysical Studies

We present an advanced schematic arrangement of the radio-wave spectrometer with a few parallel optical arms for processing the data flow. This arrangement includes two principal novelties. First of them consists in the proposed design, where each individual optical arm exhibits its original performances providing parallel multi-band observations within a few different scales simultaneously. These optical arms have the beam shapers providing both the needed incident light polarization and apodization to increase the dynamic range. After parallel acousto-optical processing, data flows of all the optical arms are united by the joint CCD matrix on the stage of the combined electronic data processing. The second novelty is in usage of unique wide-aperture bastron-based acousto-optical cell providing one of the best performances at the middle-frequencies (about 500 MHz) in comparison with the other available crystalline materials in this range. Such multi-band capabilities have a number of applications in astrophysical scenarios at different scales: from objects in the distant universe to planetary atmospheres in the Solar system. Thus one yields the united versatile instrument, which provides comprehensive studies of astrophysical objects simultaneously with precise synchronization in various frequency ranges.

Factors affecting the performance of a multi-tone carrier source based re-circulating frequency shifter

Generation of single-sideband （SSB） multi-carrier source based on a recirculating frequency shifter （RFS） is anal- ysed theoretically and realized experimentally. The effects of affecting factors originating from the deviation from the right operation bias voltage and unbalanced amplitude, and the phase of the radio frequency （RF） drive signals on the performance of the multi-tone source are discussed in detail. Based on the theoretical analysis, high-quality 50-tone out- put is successfully realized. Experiments under some implementation imperfections are also carried out. The imperfect and low-quality output results are in good agreement with theoretical analysis.

Nonlinearity-Compensation-Free Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry Based on Electrically-Controlled Optical Frequency Sweep

A nonlinearity-compensation-free optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the electrically-controlled optical frequency sweep.In the proposed scheme,the linear frequency sweep light is generated by propagating an ultra-narrow-linewidth continuous-wave(CW)light through an electro-optic frequency shifter which consists of a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator(DPMZM)and an electronic 90°hybrid,where the electro-optic frequency shifter is driven by a linear frequency modulated signal generated by a direct digital synthesizer(DDS).Experimental results show that the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of the proposed OFDR scheme without the nonlinear phase compensation are comparable to those of OFDR employing a commercial tunable laser source(TLS),an auxiliary interferometer,and a software-based nonlinear phase compensation method.The proposed OFDR scheme is helpful to reduce the complexity of the optical structure and eliminate the difficulty of developing the nonlinear phase compensation algorithm.

Developing an Advanced Prototype of the Acousto-Optical Radio-Wave Spectrometer for Studying Star Formation in the Milky Way

The designed practically prototype of an advanced acousto-optical radio-wave spectrometer is presented in a view of its application to investigating the Milky Way star formation problems. The potential areas for observations of the cold interstellar medium, wherein such a spectrometer can be exploited successfully at different approximations, are: 1) comparison of the Milky Way case with extragalactic ones at scale of the complete galactic disk;2) global studies of the Galactic spiral arms;and 3) characterization of specific regions like molecular clouds or star clusters. These aspects allow us to suggest that similar instrument will be really useful. The developed prototype of spectrometer is able to realize multi-channel wideband parallel spectrum analysis of very-high-frequency radio-wave signals with an improved resolution power exceeding 103. It includes the 1D-acousto-optic wide-aperture cell as the input device for real-time scale data processing. Here, the current state of developing this acousto-optical spectrometer in frames of the astrophysical instrumentation is briefly discussed, and the data obtained experimentally with a tellurium dioxide crystalline acousto-optical cell are presented. Then, we describe a new technique for more precise spectrum analysis within an algorithm of the collinear wave heterodyning. It implies a two-stage integrated processing, namely, the wave heterodyning of a signal in an acoustically square-law nonlinear medium and then the optical processing in the same solid-state cell. Technical advantage of this approach lies in providing a direct multi-channel parallel processing of ultra-high-frequency radio-wave signals with the resolution power exceeding 104. This algorithm can be realized on a basis of exploiting a large-aperture effective acousto-optical cell, which operates in the Bragg regime and performs the ultra-high-frequency co-directional collinear acoustic wave heterodyning. The general concept and basic conclusions here are confirmed by proof-of-principle experiments with the specially designed cell of a new type based on a lead molybdate crystal.

基于DP83640的秒脉冲移相器设计与实现

使用DP83640 IEEE 1588精密时间协议(PTP)收发芯片设计实现了一款秒脉冲精密移相器,它能与外部的标准秒脉冲(1 PPS)进行同步并进行精密相位微调,可应用于高精度相位微跃器。秒脉冲移相器采用DP83640芯片进行级联实现秒脉冲精密移相:利用ARM微处理器控制第二级DP83640实现与外部标准秒脉冲的相位粗调,控制第一级DP83640实现相位微调。相位调整时将外部输入的相位偏移量换算为8 ns整周期倍数的相位粗调值,以及不同时间长度档位的相位微调值,分别写入第二级和第一级DP83640共同实现高精度相位微跃。由于硬件电路特性和器件综合噪声的影响,经测试平均相位微跃准确度可以达到0.1 fs。

The frequency resolution of acousto-optical spectrometer

this paper discusses the frequency resolution of an acousto-optical spectrometer system under influences of deflector 's spectral resolution, coherent light-beam truncation ratio, and photodiode array's response. The broadening of the resoluble line-pattern caused by the response of a photodiode pixel has been computed. According to this discussion the authors proposed the selecting principles for the design parameters of the acoustooptical spectrometer including light-beam truncation ratio, focal length of Fourier lens, and number of photodiode array elements, i.e. the quantitative criteria for specific observational necessities with an acousto-optical spectrometer considered with resolution, bandwidth, and sidelobes of instrumental profile comprehensively. An experimental measurement of the frequency resolution to verify the above theoretical computations has also been carried out.

基于马赫曾德尔调制器的倍频因子和输出相位可调的微波光子移相器

提出一种倍频因子连续可调,且相位连续变化的微波光子移相系统。该方案使用两个并联的马赫曾德尔调制器,通过2×2光耦器与两个双并联的集成马赫曾德尔调制器级联,产生可调节的±1~4阶边带,并使用相位调制器对其中一个光波进行相移。通过调整DPMZM的射频驱动信号和直流偏置电压以及PM的直流电压,可以产生相位从0到360°连续可调的2到8次谐波。仿真结果表明,当射频信号频率为10 GHz时,可产生频率为20~80 GHz的微波信号。当相位调制器的直流偏置电压与半波电压比值在0到2间变化时,对应微波信号的相位从0°到360°变化,可以获得约20 dB的大光边带抑制比(OSSR)和电杂散抑制比(ESSR)。此外,分析了调制器消光比对输出微波信号光载波抑制比和电杂散抑制比的影响,以及光载波的波长和功率对微波信号幅度波动的影响。

激光多普勒测速仪示值误差检测方法研究

针对激光多普勒测速仪示值误差的检测,传统的检测方式是通过获得相应运动速度的运动物体,以其为标准完成测速仪示值误差的检测。但针对高速激光多普勒测速仪(公里级每秒)示值误差的检测,现有速度获取方式无法获取相应的速度上限。为此,本文提出采用光学回波模拟法对其进行示值误差检测。通过光学移频技术模拟测速仪测速过程中产生的多普勒频移,构造携带目标信息的光回波,从而实现对应速度激光多普勒测速仪示值误差的检测。本文以声光移频器与各类空间光器件搭建了检测系统,对某型号的激光多普勒测速仪进行了单点测速示值误差的检测试验。由实验结果可知,针对测速仪示值误差检测的光学回波模拟法是可行性,具有一定的工程应用前景。

星间激光时频传递系统中的多普勒频移补偿技术

为了减少星间激光时频传输过程中的多普勒频移并提高星间通信的可靠性,提出了一种多普勒频移补偿技术。首先,对多普勒频移进行了理论分析和仿真,得到了两卫星在24 h通信中断前传输激光光学频率所产生的多普勒频移;然后,设计了一个多普勒频移补偿系统用于星间激光多普勒频移补偿。仿真结果表明:该系统能在约15个控制周期内完成多普勒频移补偿,使得补偿后的多普勒频移小于8 kHz,比未补偿的情况改善了6个数量级。

Generation of dual and quad‑optical frequency combs in the injected radiation free mode‑locked frequency‑shifted feedback laser

The results of an optoelectronic system—frequency-shifted feedback(FSF)laser experimental examination are presented.The considered FSF laser is seeded only with optical amplifer spontaneous emission(ASE)and operates in the mode-locked regime,whereby the output radiation is sequence of short pulses with a repetition rate determined by the delay time in its optical feedback circuit.In the frequency domain,the spectrum of such a pulse sequence is an optical frequency comb(OFC).These OFCs we call initial.We consider the possibility of tunable acousto-optic(AO)dual and quad-comb frequency spacing downconversion in the FSF laser seeded with ASE and operating in the mode-locked regime.The examined system applies a single frequency shifting loop with single AO tunable flter as the frequency shifter that is fed with several radio frequency signals simultaneously.The initial OFCs with frequency spacing of about 6.5 MHz may be obtained in the wide spectral range and their width,envelope shape and position in the optical spectrum may be tuned.The dual-combs are obtained with a pair of initial OFCs aroused by two various ultrasound waves in the acousto-optic tunable flter(AOTF).The dual-combs frequency spacing is determined by the frequency diference of the signals applied to the AOTF piezoelectric transducer and can be tuned simply.The quad-combs are obtained with three initial OFCs,forming a pair of dual-combs,appearing when three ultrasound frequencies feed the AOTF transducer.The quad-combs frequency spacing is defned by the diference between the frequency spacing of dual-combs.Quad-combs with more than 5000 spectral lines and tunable frequency spacing are observed.The successive frequency downconversion gives the possibility to reduce the OFC frequency spacing form several MHz for initial OFC to tens of kHz for quad-combs.

基于光子学的微波移频方法研究

微波移频技术(MFS)广泛应用于电子对抗、卫星通信、频控阵雷达等系统。基于光子学的微波移频方法具有带宽大、频谱纯净等优点。为了探索基于光子学的微波移频性能,该文对比研究了基于声光移频(AOFS)、锯齿波相位调制(SPM)和I/Q调制3种微波光子移频方法,阐释了3种方法的原理,搭建了对应的原理验证系统,对不同的移频方法进行了实验与分析。结果表明,3种移频方法都可以实现精准的微波信号移频,实现大于30 dB的杂散抑制比。但3种移频方法也存在各自的局限性:AOFS的工作频率、带宽和移频方向较为固定,可调谐性低;SPM移频与I/Q调制对输入驱动信号要求严格,系统稳定性较差。

Theoretical analysis of polarization control for the stable output of multi-carrier source based on a re-circulating frequency shifter

Fluctuating polarization state-of-light in the optical loop is an important factor that seriously influences the output performance of a multi-carrier source based on re-circulating frequency shifter （RFS）. The reason for output spectrum instability when no polarization controller （PC） is present in the loop is analyzed theoretically. Numerical simulations for the output spectra of the multi-carrier source with and without PC are conducted, and the trajectories of the several frequency components polarization states on the Poincare sphere with and without PC are compared. The results show that the performance of multi-carrier source based on a RFS can be improved effectively by adjusting the PC in the configuration properly.

基于双声光移频器的外差式激光多普勒测振计

分析了单声光移频器构成的外差式激光多普勒测振计中声光移频器驱动信号的频率稳定性和信号功率对待测振动信号的影响.为了降低声光移频器驱动信号频率漂移的影响,提出双声光移频器构成的外差式激光多普勒测振计,并基于直接数字频率合成技术,以相位噪音低、初始相位可控的芯片AD9912为核心器件,完成了声光移频器驱动信号生成及处理模块的设计.开展了双声光移频器组成的外差式激光多普勒测振计的振动测量实验,结果表明,驱动信号生成装置可以驱动声光移频器正常工作,且测振计的本底噪音在0～10kHz频带范围内呈现平坦分布,0～1kHz频段内噪音得到明显抑制,较单声光移频器构成的外差式激光多普勒测振计有显著改善.

特高压静止移相器应用的电磁暂态仿真分析

移相器(也称相角调节器)作为一种控制输电潮流的有效手段,目前在国外超高压电网中已得到广泛应用。我国尚未采用移相器技术,对其电磁暂态问题的研究也鲜见报道。本文提出采用晶闸管分级投切方式的特高压静止移相器的设计方案,使用EMTP电磁暂态仿真工具,以典型电网为例分析了移相器对特高压线路稳态运行电压、工频过电压及操作过电压等问题的影响。结果表明,特高压线路装设移相器后,线路末端稳态运行电压与不装设移相器相比有小幅升高。特高压移相器的合闸、分闸及移相器所在线路的单相重合闸操作过电压均在标准允许范围内。研究结果可为今后开展超/特高压电网移相器应用研究提供借鉴。

基于绝缘硅超小微环谐振器的微波光子相移器设计

设计了一种基于绝缘硅材料的超小微环相移器,能够在自由频谱范围内实现2π相移的同时相移达到最佳线性化.根据全通微环谐振器的相移特性可知,在临界耦合点时微环谐振器达到π的相移,在过耦合领域达到2π相移.分析了直波导宽度及间距两个参量,用精细度F表征间距,讨论了由于这两个参量变化对微环谐振器相移的影响,并且给出了设计的相移范围和相应的功率变化.实验结果表明:若采用40GHz的射频信号,设计的微环相移器射频相移范围为0～4rad,功率变化不到6dB.

多通道窄带Fx-Newton时频算法及动力机械有源隔振实验

提出了一种多通道窄带Fx—Newton算法，用多个控制器并联控制各窄带带通滤波器提取的多根线谱。离线辨识次级通道频响矩阵并求逆后，只需L×L个（通道数为L）2阶滤波器即可实现次级通道逆模型滤波，从而使控制器系数向最优值迅速收敛。还提出了窄带滤波相位差的自适应补偿算法，可提高线谱频率波动时的控制鲁棒性。在200kw实船柴油发电机有源无源隔振装置上进行了实验，结果表明该算法可同时控制10-11根线谱，使每根线谱衰减10-35dB。该算法运算量小，在保证收敛稳定性的同时、收敛速度大于FxLMS算法（尤其在次级通道矩阵特征值分散度大的情况）。

基于RFID的高速公路车辆测速及定位方法

针对现有高速公路管理系统无法对车辆进行实时管理的现状,提出一种对高速公路上车辆进行实时测速及定位的方法。该方法基于射频识别(RFID)技术,通过分析构建移动车辆的定位模型,利用谱估计方法对其多普勒频移进行测量,并针对模型求解中存在的非线性特性,采用牛顿迭代法计算车辆的实时速度及相对坐标以达到测量车速及确定车辆实时位置的目的。仿真实验结果表明,该方法具有运算量小、精度高、实施简单的特点。

利用双晶体实现的低频保偏光纤声光移频器

该文介绍了一种低频保偏光纤声光移频器的设计、制作、性能参数及典型应用。采用双晶体反向级联设计,将两片晶体工作频率的差值作为器件的移频频率,避免了单片声光晶体难以实现低频声光移频的问题。样品获得的性能参数为:工作波长1 053nm,移频频率10 MHz,插入损耗3.3dB,光上升时间33ns,输出偏振态线偏振。

利用全光纤自外差系统研究光纤光栅半导体激光器的线宽

以带光纤尾纤引出式微体声光移频器(AOFS)为基础,用全光纤结构的延迟自外差激光器线宽测量系统(分辨率为50kHz),其中声光移频器插入损耗仅为29dB,大大提高了信噪比。采用该系统对窄线宽13μm光纤光栅半导体激光器(FBG-LD)进行了测量,测得激光器线宽的典型值为15MHz,同时分析了测量系统近端反射光对线宽测量精度的影响以及FBG-LD的线宽压窄特性。