BACKGROUND Hypoganglionosis is a rare condition that most often presents with abnormal gastrointestinal transit and usually arises in early childhood or adolescence. Two types have been described(Type I and Type II). ...BACKGROUND Hypoganglionosis is a rare condition that most often presents with abnormal gastrointestinal transit and usually arises in early childhood or adolescence. Two types have been described(Type I and Type II). The adult-onset form(acquired hypoganglionosis) is extremely uncommon and is thought to arise due to cellular remodelling as a result of chronic inflammation. It differs from Hirschprung's disease in that there is a reduction in ganglion cells in the colonic neural plexuses as opposed to being completely absent.CASE SUMMARY A 31 year-old male presented to hospital with recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting over thirteen months. Abdominal computed tomography scans demonstrated thickening and stranding affecting the transverse, descending and sigmoid colon. Endoscopic appearances were non-specific but confirmed a mixed picture of mucosal inflammation and necrosis in various stages of healing.Numerous investigations were performed to elucidate an underlying aetiology but neither an infective nor ischaemic cause could be proven. Biopsy features were not typical of inflammatory bowel disease. Due to persistence of his symptoms and failure of medical management, a segmental colectomy was performed. Histological examination of the specimen revealed an unexpected finding of segmental hypoganglionosis. Complete surgical excision of the diseased segment of colon was curative and since his operation the patient has had no recurrence of symptoms requiring hospitalisation.CONCLUSION Our case serves to raise awareness of acquired hypoganglionosis as a rare condition that can result from chronic colitis.展开更多
To international adult students,there are many barriers in second language acquisition,such as time,environment,cul?tural difference,sometimes even mood and so on.Among all the barriers,the affective filter acts an im...To international adult students,there are many barriers in second language acquisition,such as time,environment,cul?tural difference,sometimes even mood and so on.Among all the barriers,the affective filter acts an important role in language ac?quisition,the degree of affective filter influence the language acquisition directly.In the process of language acquisition,internal factors are prior to the external ones.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Hypoganglionosis is a rare condition that most often presents with abnormal gastrointestinal transit and usually arises in early childhood or adolescence. Two types have been described(Type I and Type II). The adult-onset form(acquired hypoganglionosis) is extremely uncommon and is thought to arise due to cellular remodelling as a result of chronic inflammation. It differs from Hirschprung's disease in that there is a reduction in ganglion cells in the colonic neural plexuses as opposed to being completely absent.CASE SUMMARY A 31 year-old male presented to hospital with recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting over thirteen months. Abdominal computed tomography scans demonstrated thickening and stranding affecting the transverse, descending and sigmoid colon. Endoscopic appearances were non-specific but confirmed a mixed picture of mucosal inflammation and necrosis in various stages of healing.Numerous investigations were performed to elucidate an underlying aetiology but neither an infective nor ischaemic cause could be proven. Biopsy features were not typical of inflammatory bowel disease. Due to persistence of his symptoms and failure of medical management, a segmental colectomy was performed. Histological examination of the specimen revealed an unexpected finding of segmental hypoganglionosis. Complete surgical excision of the diseased segment of colon was curative and since his operation the patient has had no recurrence of symptoms requiring hospitalisation.CONCLUSION Our case serves to raise awareness of acquired hypoganglionosis as a rare condition that can result from chronic colitis.
基金The Affective Filter in the Second Language Acquisition for Adult International Students得到国家开放大学优秀教师培养计划经费资助
文摘To international adult students,there are many barriers in second language acquisition,such as time,environment,cul?tural difference,sometimes even mood and so on.Among all the barriers,the affective filter acts an important role in language ac?quisition,the degree of affective filter influence the language acquisition directly.In the process of language acquisition,internal factors are prior to the external ones.
