Quality and yield are the primary concerns in kiwifruit breeding,but research on the genetic mechanisms of fruit size,shape,and ascorbic acid(ASA)content is currently very limited,which restricts the development of ki...Quality and yield are the primary concerns in kiwifruit breeding,but research on the genetic mechanisms of fruit size,shape,and ascorbic acid(ASA)content is currently very limited,which restricts the development of kiwifruit molecular breeding.In this study,we obtained a total of 8.88 million highly reliable single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers from 140 individuals from the natural hybrid offspring of Actinidia eriantha cv.‘White’using whole genome resequencing technology.A genome-wide association study was conducted on eight key agronomic traits,including single fruit weight,fruit shape,ASA content,and the number of inflorescences per branch.A total of 59 genetic loci containing potential functional genes were located,and candidate genes related to single fruit weight,fruit length,ASA content,number of inflorescences per branch and other traits were identified within the candidate interval,such as AeWUSCHEL,AeCDK1(cell cycle dependent kinase),AeAO1(ascorbic oxidase)and AeCO1(CONSTANS-like 4).After constructing an RNAi vector for AeAO1 and injecting it into the fruit of cv.‘Midao 31’to interfere with the expression of the AeAO1 gene,the results showed that the activity of ascorbic oxidase in the fruit of‘Midao 31’significantly decreased,while the content of ASA significantly increased.This study provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of variation in A.eriantha fruit traits,which may benefit molecular marker-assisted breeding efforts.展开更多
Protoplasts isolated from cotyledon-derived calli of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis (2n = 2x=58) were fused by the PEG method with cotyledon-callus protoplasts of A. deliciosa var. deliciosa (2n = 6x = 174) or wit...Protoplasts isolated from cotyledon-derived calli of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis (2n = 2x=58) were fused by the PEG method with cotyledon-callus protoplasts of A. deliciosa var. deliciosa (2n = 6x = 174) or with mesophyll protoplasts of A. kolomikta (2n = 2x = 58), respectively. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and flow cytometry was used to confirm the occurrence of somatic hybrids. RAPD results with some primers surveyed indicated that one clone (A. chinensis + A. deliciosa) and four clones (A. chinensis + A. kolomikta) had RAPD banding patterns which combined the parental banding profiles. Ploidy levels of the (A. chinensis + A. deliciosa) clone were deduced as octoploid (2n = 8x), and the (A. chinensis + A. kolomikta) clones were tetraploid (2n = 4x), triploid (2n = 3x) or pentaploid (2n = 5x). The clones were confirmed as interspecific somatic hybrids in Actinidia.展开更多
[Objective] The variation of sugar, acid and AsA contents in fruits of ‘Ganmi 6' kiwifruit (Actinidia eriantha Benth) were investigated during fruit develop- ment. [Method] Kiwi fruits were randomly taken as mater...[Objective] The variation of sugar, acid and AsA contents in fruits of ‘Ganmi 6' kiwifruit (Actinidia eriantha Benth) were investigated during fruit develop- ment. [Method] Kiwi fruits were randomly taken as materials every 15 days since 20 days after full bloom (DAFB) to 170 DAFB until in mature stage. [Result] The results showed that during fruit development of ‘Ganmi 6', the total sugar soluble contents had a rising trend with relatively stable at 95 DAFB, then rose until har- vest with the maximum content (10.35%). The titratable acid content showed a trend of increasing, then declining, then increase to the harvest content (1.10%). From the sugar acid ratio, we can knew it decreased in 95 DAFB, then up to the max (9.38). The changes of AsA contents showed double ‘S' shape, decreased af- ter the first increased rapidly, slightly increased and then decreased in the early harvest. [Conclusion] It provided a theoretical basis for scientific cultivation methods to explore the nutrients regulation.展开更多
[Objective] To study the ecophysiological effects of low temperature stress on Actinidia arguta (Seib.et.Zucc.), and provide a theoretical basis for the introduc- tion and breeding of cold resistant varieties. [Meth...[Objective] To study the ecophysiological effects of low temperature stress on Actinidia arguta (Seib.et.Zucc.), and provide a theoretical basis for the introduc- tion and breeding of cold resistant varieties. [Method] A. arguta as the test material was processed at room temperature of 4 ℃ to determine the contents of chloro- phyll, water soluble sugar, water soluble protein, free proline, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (POD activity, SOD activity, CAT activity) with the treatment at 25℃ as the control. [Results] The results indicated that with the prolonging of stress time, the content of chlorophyll was first increased and then decreased, and the content of MDA was increased; soluble sugar content of seedling leaf decreased gradually, while the soluble protein and proline content of seedling leaves were first increased and then decreased; the activities of SOD and POD were displayed a decline trend, meanwhile the activities of CAT was first increased and then decreased. [Conclu- sion] The various indicators showed that under low temperature stress, the chloro- phyll content decreased accompanied with membrane lipid peroxidation and MDA accumulation, and soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline and antioxidant en- zymes play a protective role in different degrees.展开更多
[Objective] This research aimed to establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for determination of five kinds of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, As and Hg) in Dendrobium candidium Wall. ex...[Objective] This research aimed to establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for determination of five kinds of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, As and Hg) in Dendrobium candidium Wall. ex Lindl. [Method] The samples were digested in HNO3-H202 acids system by closed vessel microwave di- gestion. At the same time, internal standard was added to avoid the matrix effect. [Result] The five kinds of heavy meals all showed good linear relationships, and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.998 2 to 0.999 9. The detection limits of the five kinds of heavy metals were in the range of 0.008-0.750 μg/L, while the stan- dard recovery rates were in the range of 90.4%-96.9%. The relative standard devi- ations ranged from 1.6% to 8.2%. The heavy metals in the Ginseng and Astragalus national standard samples were determined by the established ICP-MS method, and the results were in conformity with the standard values. [Conclusion] The established method has simple and convenient operation and accurate and reliable results, and it meets the requirements by determination of heavy metals in Dendrobium candididium Wall. ex Lindl.展开更多
The effect of La 3+ and Eu 3+ on the rooting of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. plantlet in vitro was studied with adding La 3+ and Eu 3+ to the rooted medium. The rooting rate, the number of root and the lengt...The effect of La 3+ and Eu 3+ on the rooting of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. plantlet in vitro was studied with adding La 3+ and Eu 3+ to the rooted medium. The rooting rate, the number of root and the length of root were studied after transplanting 20 d. The activity of peroxidase, nitrate reductase and fresh weight of roots were determined after transplanting 44 d. The results show that the optimum concentration range of La 3+ (1.0~3.0 μmol·L -1), Eu 3+ (2.0~3.0 μmol·L -1) in the rooted medium can increase the rooting rate and the fresh weight of roots, and promote the length of root and raise the activities of peroxidase and nitrate reductase significantly. La 3+ has more effect in improving the rooting rate, root length and the activities of peroxidase and less effect in promoting root fresh weight and the activities of nitrate reductase than Eu 3+.展开更多
Dendrobium nobile Lindl.alkaloids(DNLA),the active ingredients of a traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium,have been shown to have anti-oxidative effects,anti-inflammatory action,and protective effect on neurons ag...Dendrobium nobile Lindl.alkaloids(DNLA),the active ingredients of a traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium,have been shown to have anti-oxidative effects,anti-inflammatory action,and protective effect on neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation.However,it is not clear whether DNLA reduces amyloid-beta(Aβ)-induced neuronal injury.In this study,cortical neurons were treated with DNLA at different concentrations(0.025,0.25,and 2.5 mg/L)for 24 hours,followed by administration of Aβ(25-35)(10μM).Aβ(25-35) treatments increased cell injury as determined by the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase,which was accompanied by chromatin condensation and mitochondrial tumefaction.The damage caused by Aβ(25-35) on these cellular properties was markedly attenuated when cells were pretreated with DNLA.Treatment with Aβ(25-35)down-regulated the expressions of postsynaptic density-95 mRNA and decreased the protein expression of synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95,all changes were significantly reduced by pretreatment of cells with DNLA.These findings suggest that DNLA reduces the cytotoxicity induced by Aβ(25-35) in rat primary cultured neurons.The protective mechanism that DNLA confers on the synaptic integrity of cultured neurons might be mediated,at least in part,through the upregulation of neurogenesis related proteins synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20204,31972474 and 31471157).
文摘Quality and yield are the primary concerns in kiwifruit breeding,but research on the genetic mechanisms of fruit size,shape,and ascorbic acid(ASA)content is currently very limited,which restricts the development of kiwifruit molecular breeding.In this study,we obtained a total of 8.88 million highly reliable single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers from 140 individuals from the natural hybrid offspring of Actinidia eriantha cv.‘White’using whole genome resequencing technology.A genome-wide association study was conducted on eight key agronomic traits,including single fruit weight,fruit shape,ASA content,and the number of inflorescences per branch.A total of 59 genetic loci containing potential functional genes were located,and candidate genes related to single fruit weight,fruit length,ASA content,number of inflorescences per branch and other traits were identified within the candidate interval,such as AeWUSCHEL,AeCDK1(cell cycle dependent kinase),AeAO1(ascorbic oxidase)and AeCO1(CONSTANS-like 4).After constructing an RNAi vector for AeAO1 and injecting it into the fruit of cv.‘Midao 31’to interfere with the expression of the AeAO1 gene,the results showed that the activity of ascorbic oxidase in the fruit of‘Midao 31’significantly decreased,while the content of ASA significantly increased.This study provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of variation in A.eriantha fruit traits,which may benefit molecular marker-assisted breeding efforts.
基金The research is supported by grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Protoplasts isolated from cotyledon-derived calli of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis (2n = 2x=58) were fused by the PEG method with cotyledon-callus protoplasts of A. deliciosa var. deliciosa (2n = 6x = 174) or with mesophyll protoplasts of A. kolomikta (2n = 2x = 58), respectively. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and flow cytometry was used to confirm the occurrence of somatic hybrids. RAPD results with some primers surveyed indicated that one clone (A. chinensis + A. deliciosa) and four clones (A. chinensis + A. kolomikta) had RAPD banding patterns which combined the parental banding profiles. Ploidy levels of the (A. chinensis + A. deliciosa) clone were deduced as octoploid (2n = 8x), and the (A. chinensis + A. kolomikta) clones were tetraploid (2n = 4x), triploid (2n = 3x) or pentaploid (2n = 5x). The clones were confirmed as interspecific somatic hybrids in Actinidia.
基金Supported by the Special Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20143ACF60015)National Natural Scientific Fund(31360472)~~
文摘[Objective] The variation of sugar, acid and AsA contents in fruits of ‘Ganmi 6' kiwifruit (Actinidia eriantha Benth) were investigated during fruit develop- ment. [Method] Kiwi fruits were randomly taken as materials every 15 days since 20 days after full bloom (DAFB) to 170 DAFB until in mature stage. [Result] The results showed that during fruit development of ‘Ganmi 6', the total sugar soluble contents had a rising trend with relatively stable at 95 DAFB, then rose until har- vest with the maximum content (10.35%). The titratable acid content showed a trend of increasing, then declining, then increase to the harvest content (1.10%). From the sugar acid ratio, we can knew it decreased in 95 DAFB, then up to the max (9.38). The changes of AsA contents showed double ‘S' shape, decreased af- ter the first increased rapidly, slightly increased and then decreased in the early harvest. [Conclusion] It provided a theoretical basis for scientific cultivation methods to explore the nutrients regulation.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303093)the Key Project for Agricultural Improved Variety Breeding of Shandong Province (Lunongliang[2016]No.6~~
文摘[Objective] To study the ecophysiological effects of low temperature stress on Actinidia arguta (Seib.et.Zucc.), and provide a theoretical basis for the introduc- tion and breeding of cold resistant varieties. [Method] A. arguta as the test material was processed at room temperature of 4 ℃ to determine the contents of chloro- phyll, water soluble sugar, water soluble protein, free proline, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (POD activity, SOD activity, CAT activity) with the treatment at 25℃ as the control. [Results] The results indicated that with the prolonging of stress time, the content of chlorophyll was first increased and then decreased, and the content of MDA was increased; soluble sugar content of seedling leaf decreased gradually, while the soluble protein and proline content of seedling leaves were first increased and then decreased; the activities of SOD and POD were displayed a decline trend, meanwhile the activities of CAT was first increased and then decreased. [Conclu- sion] The various indicators showed that under low temperature stress, the chloro- phyll content decreased accompanied with membrane lipid peroxidation and MDA accumulation, and soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline and antioxidant en- zymes play a protective role in different degrees.
文摘[Objective] This research aimed to establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for determination of five kinds of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, As and Hg) in Dendrobium candidium Wall. ex Lindl. [Method] The samples were digested in HNO3-H202 acids system by closed vessel microwave di- gestion. At the same time, internal standard was added to avoid the matrix effect. [Result] The five kinds of heavy meals all showed good linear relationships, and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.998 2 to 0.999 9. The detection limits of the five kinds of heavy metals were in the range of 0.008-0.750 μg/L, while the stan- dard recovery rates were in the range of 90.4%-96.9%. The relative standard devi- ations ranged from 1.6% to 8.2%. The heavy metals in the Ginseng and Astragalus national standard samples were determined by the established ICP-MS method, and the results were in conformity with the standard values. [Conclusion] The established method has simple and convenient operation and accurate and reliable results, and it meets the requirements by determination of heavy metals in Dendrobium candididium Wall. ex Lindl.
文摘The effect of La 3+ and Eu 3+ on the rooting of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. plantlet in vitro was studied with adding La 3+ and Eu 3+ to the rooted medium. The rooting rate, the number of root and the length of root were studied after transplanting 20 d. The activity of peroxidase, nitrate reductase and fresh weight of roots were determined after transplanting 44 d. The results show that the optimum concentration range of La 3+ (1.0~3.0 μmol·L -1), Eu 3+ (2.0~3.0 μmol·L -1) in the rooted medium can increase the rooting rate and the fresh weight of roots, and promote the length of root and raise the activities of peroxidase and nitrate reductase significantly. La 3+ has more effect in improving the rooting rate, root length and the activities of peroxidase and less effect in promoting root fresh weight and the activities of nitrate reductase than Eu 3+.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81473201the Natural Science Foundation of Educational Commission of Guizhou Province of China,No.2010043+1 种基金the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province of China,No.JZ[2014]2016the Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Guizhou Province of China,No.[2011]5086
文摘Dendrobium nobile Lindl.alkaloids(DNLA),the active ingredients of a traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium,have been shown to have anti-oxidative effects,anti-inflammatory action,and protective effect on neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation.However,it is not clear whether DNLA reduces amyloid-beta(Aβ)-induced neuronal injury.In this study,cortical neurons were treated with DNLA at different concentrations(0.025,0.25,and 2.5 mg/L)for 24 hours,followed by administration of Aβ(25-35)(10μM).Aβ(25-35) treatments increased cell injury as determined by the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase,which was accompanied by chromatin condensation and mitochondrial tumefaction.The damage caused by Aβ(25-35) on these cellular properties was markedly attenuated when cells were pretreated with DNLA.Treatment with Aβ(25-35)down-regulated the expressions of postsynaptic density-95 mRNA and decreased the protein expression of synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95,all changes were significantly reduced by pretreatment of cells with DNLA.These findings suggest that DNLA reduces the cytotoxicity induced by Aβ(25-35) in rat primary cultured neurons.The protective mechanism that DNLA confers on the synaptic integrity of cultured neurons might be mediated,at least in part,through the upregulation of neurogenesis related proteins synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95.