Extended activated sludge model no. 1 (ASM1) for simulating biodegradation process using bacterial technology

Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients required to support various kinds of biodegradation processes. As this particular nutrient is not included in the activated sludge model no. 1 （ASM1）, this study extended this model in order to determine the fate of phosphorus during the biodegradation processes. When some of the kinetics parameters are modified using observed data from the restoration project of the Xuxi River in Wuxi City, China, from August 25 to 31 in 2009, the extended model shows excellent results. In order to obtain optimum values of coefficients of nitrogen and phosphorus, the mass fraction method was used to ensure that the final results were reasonable and practically relevant. The temporal distribution of the data calculated with the extended ASM1 approximates that of the observed data.

MRI联合血清赖氨酸氧化酶样蛋白4、信号转导和转录激活因子3检测用于原发性肝癌诊断的价值

目的:探讨磁共振成像(MRI)联合血清赖氨酸氧化酶样蛋白4(LOXL4)、信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)检测用于原发性肝癌诊断的价值。方法:选取肝占位性病变患者214例,比较分析原发性肝癌和肝脏良性病变患者血清LOXL4、STAT3水平差异,以及原发性肝癌不同患者间差异,同时分析MRI联合血清LOXL4、STAT3水平诊断原发性肝癌的价值。结果:确诊为原发性肝癌患者92例,肝脏良性病变122例。原发性肝癌患者血清LOXL4、STAT3明显高于肝脏良性病变患者(均P<0.05)。TNM分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ患者血清LOXL4、STAT3明显高于肝脏良性病变患者(均P<0.05)。低分化患者血清LOXL4、STAT3明显高于中高分化患者(均P<0.05)。血清LOXL4、STAT3水平诊断原发性肝癌的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.890和0.896(均P<0.05)。MRI联合血清LOXL4、STAT3水平诊断原发性肝癌的灵敏性和阴性预测值分别为95.65%和96.00%,高于MRI检查(均P<0.05)。结论:原发性肝癌患者血清LOXL4、STAT3水平升高,与TNM分期及分化程度有关;MRI联合血清LOXL4、STAT3检测诊断原发性肝癌有较好的应用价值。

活性污泥3号模型全局敏感性分析

全局敏感性分析可用于确定影响活性污泥3号模型(ASM3)预测结果的关键参数,从而提高参数校准的精度和效率。为了获得ASM3全局敏感性分析结果,利用Sobol’s法对ASM3进行全局敏感性分析,确定了影响SNH4、CODT等关键预测结果的重要参数。同时,通过比较使用Morris筛选法和Sobol’s法获得的全局敏感性分析结果,发现当重复次数足够大时,Morris筛选法也是一种可用于ASM3参数优先级排序和参数固定化的可靠方法。

Support Vector Machine active learning for 3D model retrieval

In this paper, we present a novel Support Vector Machine active learning algorithm for effective 3D model retrieval using the concept of relevance feedback. The proposed method learns from the most informative objects which are marked by the user, and then creates a boundary separating the relevant models from irrelevant ones. What it needs is only a small number of 3D models labelled by the user. It can grasp the user＇s semantic knowledge rapidly and accurately. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the retrieval effectiveness. Compared with four state-of-the-art query refinement schemes for 3D model retrieval, it provides superior retrieval performance after no more than two rounds of relevance feedback.

Evaluation of Component Activity in Molten MnO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO System with Model SELF-SReM4

A sub-regular solution model SELF-SReM4 used to evaluate activity of the components in a homogeneous region of a quaternary system has been developed in Shanghai Enhanced Laboratory of Ferrometallurgy.The application of SELF-SReM4 in C-Mn-Fe-Si system without the SiC formation has been introduced in previous paper.It’s application for molten slag of MnO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO was introduced in this paper.They provide a basis for the prediction of the metal-slag equilibrium conditions.

Reconstruction of 3D Skin Model and Its Application in Evaluation the Efficacy of Cosmetic Raw Materials and Active Intredients

Via the use of Mimedisc~? as a scaffold, the normal human dermal fibroblasts were first seeding into the scaffold to form a dermal equivalent after three weeks, and then seeding normal human epidermal keratinocytes on it, followed by immersion and air-liquid interphase culture stage, to finally form a 3 D sponge matrix skin model which has a very similar structure of normal human skin(NHS). The results of Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry(IHC), immunofluorescence(IF) staininccg show that this skin model has a very similar structure and key protein expression of NHS. Meanwhile, this model was used as a tool to investigate the effect of Himalaya cedar extract on Dermal-Epidermal Junction(DEJ) in vitro. Results show that the Himalayan cedar extract can significantly increase the thickness of the epidermis, thus increase the barrier capacity of the skin to resist external environment. Further, this Himalaya cedar extract can promote the expressions of Laminin 5 and Collagen VII of DEJ. The expressions of the Laminin 5 and Collagen VII increased 20% and 47% respectively.So the Himalaya cedar extract displays the potential to be applied in development of anti-aging cosmetics.

全耦合活性污泥模型(FCASM3)Ⅱ:模型校验

以采用AAO污水处理工艺的德清县狮山污水处理厂作为全耦合活性污泥模型(FCASM3)校验的现场试验基地,分别进行了常规水质指标测定和进水水质特征分析等试验研究.依据现场试验结果,完成了对活性污泥系统生物去除营养物质细观机理模型FCASM3的校验工作.动态校验结果表明,FCASM3模型可以对AAO连续流工艺系统实现较准确的细观模拟,营养物质生物去除过程的动态数值模拟结果与实测结果相一致.

全耦合活性污泥模型(FCASM3)Ⅰ:建模机理及数学表征

在充分分析活性污泥系统中生物反应机理的基础上,建立了活性污泥系统生物去除营养物质的细观机理模型——全耦合活性污泥模型(Fully Coupled Activated Sludge Model No.3,简称FCASM3).FCASM3将系统中微生物划分为8类菌群,包含31种组分、72个子过程;该模型的主要特点是将活性污泥系统中的微生物进一步细化,充分考虑了系统中微生物间的相互作用.FCASM3引入了硝化-反硝化过程中的中间产物亚硝酸盐,实现了对两步硝化-反硝化过程的模拟;FCASM3不仅包含聚糖菌的有关生物反应过程,而且还考虑了聚磷菌(非反硝化聚磷菌和反硝化聚磷菌)以及聚糖菌的厌氧维持过程.为直接体现温度对生物反应的影响,FCASM3将温度作为一个变量直接耦合到生物反应速率方程中.

活性污泥3号模型(ASM3)的发展与应用

IAWQ又于1999年推出ASM3,它不以水解作用为重点,更深入考虑了胞内存贮过程,并考虑环境因素对衰减过程的修正,把溶解性、颗粒性有机氮的降解与微生物的水解、衰减和生长结合在一起。带有EAWAG生物除磷模块的ASM3能预测除磷效果;通过校正的ASM3能预测脱氮除磷、污泥产量。

ASM3应用于污水处理厂的模拟研究

建立了活性污泥3号模型应用于氧化沟工艺的活性污泥处理系统数值模型,并利用Matlab语言编制了模拟程序,对模型中的参数进行了灵敏度分析。结果表明,自养菌的产率系数UA最为敏感,对这个参数调整之后,用该模型对一实际工程的出水情况进行模拟,模拟值和实测值取得了较好的吻合。该模型能够反映污水处理的实际运行状况,为模拟污水处理、预测出水水质、优化污水处理厂运行方案提供了可行途径。

Fabrication of polyetheretherketone(PEEK)-based 3D electronics with fine resolution by a hydrophobic treatment assisted hybrid additive manufacturing method

Additive manufacturing(AM)is a free-form technology that shows great potential in the integrated creation of three-dimensional(3D)electronics.However,the fabrication of 3D conformal circuits that fulfill the requirements of high service temperature,high conductivity and high resolution remains a challenge.In this paper,a hybrid AM method combining the fused deposition modeling(FDM)and hydrophobic treatment assisted laser activation metallization(LAM)was proposed for manufacturing the polyetheretherketone(PEEK)-based 3D electronics,by which the conformal copper patterns were deposited on the 3D-printed PEEK parts,and the adhesion between them reached the 5B high level.Moreover,the 3D components could support the thermal cycling test from-55℃ to 125℃ for more than 100 cycles.Particularly,the application of a hydrophobic coating on the FDM-printed PEEK before LAM can promote an ideal catalytic selectivity on its surface,not affected by the inevitable printing borders and pores in the FDM-printed parts,then making the resolution of the electroless plated copper lines improved significantly.In consequence,Cu lines with width and spacing of only60μm and 100μm were obtained on both as-printed and after-polished PEEK substrates.Finally,the potential of this technique to fabricate 3D conformal electronics was demonstrated.

Al^(3+)对污泥自热高温微氧消化产酸及有机物释放的影响

为开发利用剩余污泥消化液中的有机物,向污泥自热高温微氧消化(ATMAD)体系投加不同量的AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O,研究Al^(3+)对该体系内有机物、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)及氨氮、磷酸盐释放的影响.结果表明,消化体系内存在的Al^(3+)抑制了有机物的分解转化,改变了污泥消化液中有机组分的含量与构成.对照组中VFA的最大产量是Al^(3+)浓度为1.0g/L的实验组VFA产量的6.9倍.消化结束后Al^(3+)浓度为1.0g/L的体系内NH_(4)^(+)-N浓度为502.06mg/L,而对照组中NH_(4)^(+)-N浓度仅为334.41mg/L.Al^(3+)也降低了体系内微生物活性.消化体系中存在的Al^(3+)不利于活性污泥ATMAD体系的产酸与稳定化,在污泥ATMAD体系中应避免引入过多的Al^(3+),以保证消化体系能够充分产酸,释放有机物,为污水处理生物脱氮提供优质碳源.

Silencing of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 expression by RNA interference suppresses growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma in tumor-bearing nude mice

AIM： To explore the effect of silencing of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） expression by RNA interference （RNAi） on growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in tumorbearing nude mice in vivo.METHODS： To construct the recombinant plasmid of pSilencer 3.0-H1-STAT3-siRNA-GFP （pSHI-siRNA- STAT3） and establish the tumor-bearing nude mouse model of the HCC cell line SMMC7721, we used intratumoral injection together with electroblotting to transfect the recombinant plasmid pSHI-siRNA- STAT3 into the transplanted tumor. The weight of the nude mice and tumor volumes were recorded. STAT3 gene transcription was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT- PCR）. Level of protein expression and location of STAT3 were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. STAT3-related genes such as survivin, c-myc, VEGF, p53 and caspase3 mRNA and protein expression were detected in tumor tissues at the same time. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） assay was used to detect apoptosis of tumor cells.RESULTS： The weight of the treated nude mice increased, and the tumor volume decreased markedly compared with those of the mock-treated and negative control groups （P 〈 0.01）. The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that mRNA and protein levels of STAT3 declined markedly in the treated group. The change in STAT3-related gene expression in tumor tissues at the mRNA and protein level also varied, the expression of survivin, VEGF and c-myc were obviously reduced, and expression of p53 and caspase3 increased （P 〈 0.01）. Most of the tumor tissue ceils in the treated group developed apoptosis that was detected by TUNEL assay.CONCLUSION： Silencing of STAT3 expression by RNAi significantly inhibits expression of STAT3 mRNA and protein, and suppresses growth of human HCC in tumor-bearing nude mice. The mechanism may be related to down-regulation of survivin, VEGF and c-myc and up-regulation of p53 and caspase3 expression. Accordingly, the STAT3 gene may act as an important and effective target in gene therapy of HCC.

FEMUR SHAPE RECOVERY FROM VOLUMETRIC IMAGES USING 3-D DEFORMABLE MODELS

A new scheme for femur shape recovery from volumetric images using deformable models was proposed. First, prior 3 D deformable femur models are created as templates using point distribution models technology. Second, active contour models are employed to segment the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetric images of the tibial and femoral joints and the deformable models are initialized based on the segmentation results. Finally, the objective function is minimized to give the optimal results constraining the surface of shapes.

Fe^(3+)对活性污泥系统的影响

通过小试研究了微量Fe3+对活性污泥系统的影响。将浓度为3 mg／L,5 mg／L,10 mg／L,20 mg／L,30 mg／L,50 mg／L和80mg／L的Fe3+分别投加到活性污泥系统中,反应4 h后测定系统出水COD、活性污泥的SVI、脱氢酶活性及其EPS组分。结果表明,Fe3+浓度小于50 mg／L时对活性污泥的脱氢酶活性具有促进作用,浓度为10 mg／L时促进作用最强;Fe3+浓度在80 mg／L以下均具有良好的絮凝作用,浓度在30 mg／L以下时絮凝作用最强。两种作用的共同结果影响系统对COD的去除效果。对活性污泥EPS组分的测定表明,Fe3+的絮凝作用对SVI的影响是主要的。

低浓度Ce^(3+)对厌氧颗粒污泥比产甲烷活性和胞外多聚物的影响

在间歇培养条件下,研究了低浓度Ce3+对启动驯化、稳定培养和酸化等不同状态对厌氧颗粒污泥比产甲烷活性的影响.结果表明,低浓度Ce3+可促进厌氧颗粒污泥的比产甲烷活性;0.05mg.l-1Ce3+对稳定培养中的厌氧颗粒污泥比产甲烷活性促进作用最大,提高了14.29%,对酸化污泥促进作用较弱,低于5%,对启动驯化和再启动污泥有所抑制,抑制程度分别为7.67%和1.64%;驯化培养过程有利于污泥对稀土的适应.Ce3+的加入降低了启动驯化、稳定培养、严重酸化和再启动污泥的胞外多糖含量,有利于颗粒污泥的稳定性.Ce3+使驯化、稳定培养和再启动状态污泥的胞外核酸含量降低,而酸化污泥的胞外核酸含量升高,可用细胞膜通透性的改变解释.

GF-3号SAR卫星遥感围填海监测方法研究——以大连金州湾为例

依据不同围填海类型在高分三号(GF-3)合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)卫星遥感影像上可分性,建立围填海遥感分类体系及相应的围填海类型解译标志,进而分析SAR图像岸线提取方法,构建GF-3围填海监测技术流程。采用几何主动轮廓模型进行GF-3 SAR影像自动提取海岸线,获得围填海专题图。通过外业精度调查验证GF-3 SAR卫星遥感影像可以有效获取围填海信息。

改进的氨水法提取活性污泥中聚-3-羟基丁酸酯的试验

改进的氨水法提取活性污泥中聚 3 羟基丁酸酯(poly 3 hydroxybutyrate,PHB)的实验表明:提取率为63 65%,纯度为95 59%(w).它是一种对环境污染较小,成本较低的提取方法.

姜黄素对肝癌大鼠碘油栓塞后信号传导与转录激活因子3及其磷酸化形式表达的影响

目的研究姜黄素对大鼠移植性肝癌模型碘油栓塞后生存时间、肿瘤生长率及对信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)及其磷酸化形式p STAT3表达的影响。方法建立SD大鼠移植性肝癌模型,将建模成功SD大鼠随机分为模型组、碘油组、姜黄素组、碘油联合姜黄素组,根据组别经肝动脉分别灌注生理盐水、超液态碘油和(或)姜黄素,观察实验动物的生存时间、肿瘤生长率,Western blot法检测肿瘤边缘组织中STAT3及p STAT3表达水平。结果碘油联合姜黄素组与模型组、姜黄素组、碘油组相比,生存时间明显延长(P<0.01)。姜黄素组、碘油组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后模型组、姜黄素组、碘油组肿瘤体积较治疗前明显增大(P<0.01),姜黄素组、碘油组肿瘤生长率均低于模型组(P<0.01);碘油联合姜黄素组肿瘤体积与治疗前相比无明显改变(P>0.05),肿瘤生长率明显低于其它3组(P<0.01)。碘油联合姜黄素组STAT3及p STAT3表达水平明显低于模型组。结论姜黄素可抑制大鼠移植性肝癌模型碘油栓塞后肿瘤组织中STAT3及其磷酸化形式p STAT3表达水平,同时本实验提示姜黄素与碘油栓塞联合治疗肝癌可能具有良好的应用前景。

AG490拮抗STAT3信号通路对慢性哮喘小鼠气道重塑的影响

目的验证干预信号转导和转录激活因子-3(signal transducers and activators of transcription-3,STAT3)信号通路活化对慢性哮喘模型小鼠呼吸道炎症及气道重塑的影响。方法将30只Balb/c小鼠按数字法随机分为正常对照组、哮喘组、AG490干预组,每组10只;经鸡卵清蛋白(albumin,OVA)致敏激发建立慢性哮喘小鼠气道重塑模型,蛋白免疫印迹法检测肺组织STAT3磷酸化水平验证拮抗效果。形态学染色观察肺组织结构改变,免疫荧光方法观察气道平滑肌层增厚程度,采用小动物肺功能检测系统测定各组小鼠的气道阻力水平。体外分离各组小鼠气道平滑肌细胞,测定其胞内表型标志物蛋白水平。结果HE染色行肺组织形态学观察可见经OVA致敏激发后哮喘组小鼠可见明显气道结构病理改变。经AG490干预后,小鼠肺组织中STAT3蛋白活化水平(p-STAT3/STAT3比值)得到显著抑制[AG490干预组(0.46±0.22)vs.哮喘组(1.13±0.48),P=0.121;AG490干预组(0.46±0.22)vs.正常对照组(1.55±0.37),P=0.023]。AG490干预组小鼠气气道上皮下α-SMA阳性面积显著低于哮喘组[AG490干预组(1.56±0.24)vs.哮喘组(3.89±0.81),P=0.011]及正常对照组[AG490干预组(1.56±0.24)vs.正常对照组(1.10±0.32),P=0.012]。未观察到AG490干预对小鼠上皮杯状细胞增生的影响。与哮喘组相比,提前给予AG490干预可以显著降低小鼠的气道反应性的发生[AG490干预组(10.90±1.52)cm H2O·s/mL vs.哮喘组(13.99±2.52)cm H2O·s/mL,P=0.015],差异均有统计学意义。体外水平证实,AG490干预显著下调小鼠气道平滑肌细胞收缩表型蛋白α-SMA[AG490干预组(1.09±0.32)vs.哮喘组(0.39±0.12),P=0.002]和SM22α[AG490干预组(1.39±0.45)vs.哮喘组(2.59±0.34),P=0.014]表达。结论采用AG490干预哮喘小鼠STAT3信号通路活化,可以显著减轻慢性哮喘呼吸道重塑程度。