Do Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei really follow the same M_(BH)-σ_* Relation as Normal Galaxies?

In an examination of the relationship between the black hole mass MBH and stellar velocity dispersion σ＊ in radio-loud active galactic nuclei （AGNs）, we studied two effects which may cause uncertainties in the black hole mass estimates of radio-loud AGNs： the relativistic beaming effect on the observed optical continuum radiation and the orientation effect on the broad emission line width. After correcting these two effects, we re-examined the MBH- σ[OIII] relation for a sample of radio-loud and radio-quiet AGNs, and found the relation for radio-loud AGNs still deviated from that for nearby normal galaxies and radio-quiet AGNs. We also found there is no significant correlation between radio jet power and narrow [OIII] line width, indicating absence of strong interaction between radio jet and narrow line region. It may be that the deviation of the MBH-σ＊ relation of radio-loud AGNs is intrinsic, or that the [OIII] line width is not a good indicator of σ＊ for radio-loud AGNs.

Disk-Corona Model in Active Galactic Nuclei: an Observational Test

We compiled a sample of 98 radio-quiet active galactic nuclei observed by ASCA, Chandra, XMM-Newton, INTEGRAL and Swift with the aim of testing the formation of hot corona and the magnetic shear stress operating in a disk-corona system. We found a strong correlation between the hard X-ray luminosity, bolometric luminosity LBol and Eddington luminosity LEdd, in the sense that the fraction f of hard X-ray to the bolometric luminosity is inversely proportional to the Eddington ratio. This correlation favors the shear stress tensor being of the form of trФ∝ Pgas, with which the disk-corona structure is stable.

A NEW OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYURETHANE DERIVED FROM CHIRAL(2R,3R)(+)-DIETHYL L-TARTRATE AND DIISOCYANATE

Optically active polyurethane was synthesized by the polyaddition of (2R, 3R)-(+)-diethyl L-tartrate (DET), 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with various molecular weights at 60 degrees C in DMSO. The polymers were characterized by specific rotation, DSC and H-1 NMR spectra.

Model Reduction Methods for High-Rise Buildings with Active Mass Damper Control Systems

To improve the performance of an active mass damper control system,the controller should be designed based on a reduced-order model. An improved method based on balanced truncation method was proposed to reduce the dimension of high-rise buildings,and was compared with other widely used reduction methods by using a framework with ten floors. This optimized method has improvement of reduction process and choice of the order. Based on the reduced-order model obtained by the improved method and pole-assignment algorithm,a controller was designed. Finally,a comparative analysis of structural responses,transfer functions,and poles was conducted on an actual high-rise building. The results show the effectiveness of the improved method.

调肝止血中药对置Cu-IUD大鼠外周血清及子宫组织t-PA,PAI活性的影响

目的:观察调肝止血中药柴胡止血液对置含铜宫内节育器(Cu-IUD)大鼠子宫局部及外周血清纤溶状态的影响,探讨调肝止血中药治疗置Cu-IUD后子宫异常出血的机理。方法:采用发色底物法测定了柴胡止血液对置Cu-IUD大鼠子宫组织及外周血清中组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)及其抑制剂(PAI)活性的影响。结果:与正常对照比较,置Cu-IUD后大鼠子宫组织t-PA活性明显升高,PAI活性也代偿性小幅度升高,t-PA/PAI比值明显高于正常对照组:使用柴胡止血液治疗后,t-PA活性及t-PA/PAI比值较模型对照组明显降低。同时,模型组t-PA活及t-PA/PAI比值较正常对照组有所升高,而PAI活性无明显变化,经柴胡止血液治疗后,t-PA、PAI活性及t-PA/PAI比值恢复正常。结论:置Cu-IUD大鼠子宫局部纤维系统功能亢进,其全身纤溶系统功能也有一定升高,调肝止血中药柴胡止血液对置Cu-IUD后大鼠子宫组织及外周血清纤溶状态有一定调整作用,能明显降低t-PA活性及t-PA/PAI比值,这是其有效治疗置Cu-IUD后子宫异常出血的作用机理之一。

置MA-IUD妇女经血纤溶抗凝血及凝血因子的变化

本文以Tcu220c-IUD为对照,测定置MA-IUD妇女月经总量;经血纤溶系统包括组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)活性、纤溶酶原(PLG)含量和纤溶活性(Fa);经血抗凝血物质包括抗凝血酶-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)活性、蛋白 C(PC)抗原含量和 PC 活性以及经血凝血因子包括因子Ⅶ相关抗原(ⅧR:Ag)和纤维蛋白原(Fg)含量。实验表明 MA-IUD 能使妇女月经量明显减少,其与宫腔局部纤溶活性和抗凝血系统活性下降有关。宫腔局部凝血因子无明显改变,IUD 之孕激素的局部释放对肝脏无影响。

Expression, Purification and Insecticidal Activity Analysis of Cry1Ac without Helix α-1

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the expression, purification and insecticidal activity of Cry1Ac without helix α-1 of domain I in E. coli. [Method] Plasmid of B. thuringiensis HD-1 was used as the template for amplification of Cry1Ac gene, which was linked with pET28a vector to construct the recombinant plasmid. After transformation and IPTG induction, expression of target protein was detected by using SDS-PAGE method. Target protein was extracted and coated on the surface of feed for H. armigera to determine the insecticidal activity. [Result] Cry1Acdela1 gene could normally express the target protein in E. coli. However, the target protein existed in the form of inclusion body. Results of bioassay analysis showed that under the same concentration, fatality rate of activated Cry1Ac toxin reached above 75%, while that of Cry1Acdelα1 was only about 10%. [Conclusion] E. coli-expressed Cry1Acdelα1 had no insecticidal activity against H. armigera.

S-2251底物显色法测定放置IUD后妇女子宫内膜组织纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性

本文采用敏感性高,特异性强和重复性好的S-2251底物显色法对37例放置金属单环后月经量过多、经量正常和未放器经量正常妇女的子宫内膜进行t-PA活性测定。结果表明放器后经量过多者子宫内膜组织纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性明显高于放器后经量正常和未放器者,但后两组之间的差别在统计学上无显著性意义。带器妇女的经量与t-PA活性之间存在正相关性。本文提示,只有放器后经量增多者子宫内膜t-PA活性才增加;虽放器但经量正常者,其t-PA活性并不增加。

In Vitro Anti-influenza Virus Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharide Fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis

In this paper, in vitro anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiforrnis were investigated. Cytotoxicities and antiviral activities of Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharides （PGL）, Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-1 （GL-1）, Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-2 （GL-2） and Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-3 （GL-3） were studied by the Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） method, and the inhibitory effect against Human influenza virus H1-364 induced cytopathic effect （CPE） on MDCK cells were observed by the CPE method. In addition, the antiviral mechanism of PGL was explored by Plaque forming unit （PFU）, MTT and CPE methods. The results showed： i） Cytotoxicities were not significantly revealed, and H1-364 induced CPE was also reduced treated with sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis; ii） Antiviral activities were associated with the mass percentage content of sulfate groups in polysaccharide fractions, which was about 13%, in polysaccharides （PGL and GL-2） both of which exhibited higher antiviral activity; iii） A potential antiviral mechanism to explain these observations is that viral adsorption and replication on host cells were inhibited by sulfated polysaccharides from Gracilaria lemaneiformis. In conclusion, Anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis were revealed, and the antiviral activities were associated with content of sulfate groups in polysaccharide fractions

Activity of the Fungicide JS399-19 Against Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat and the Risk of Resistance

This report reviews the characteristics of JS399-19, a novel cyanoacrylate fungicide. JS399-19 strongly inhibits the mycelial growth of the fungal plant pathogens of the genus Fusarium and exhibits great potential in controlling Fusarium head blight （FHB） on wheat and other cereals. The mode of action of JS399-19 is evidently different from that of benzimidazole （for example, carbendazim） and other sort of fungicides, making it a possible replacement for carbendazim in China to manage carbendazim-resistant subpopulations of Fusarium graminearum and F. asiaticum. JS399-t9 has excellent protective and curative activity against these pathogens. Incorrect use of this fungicide, however, is likely to select for resistance. Among JS399-19-resistant mutants of F. asiaticum induced in the laboratory, the resistant level of mutants was high and the phenotype of resistance against JS399-19 was conferred by a major gene by genetic analysis. The fitness of laboratory-induced JS399-19-resistant mutants of F. asiaticum was nearly equal to that of their parents. JS399-19 lacks cross resistance with other sort fungicides. To control FHB with JS399-19 and to delay the development of the fungicide-resistance, farmers should use tank mixtures containing JS399-19 and carbendazim, metconazole, tebuconazole, or prothioconazole.

Statistics of Superluminal Motion in Active Galactic Nuclei

We have collected an up-to-date sample of 123 superluminal sources （84 quasars, 27 BL Lac objects and 12 galaxies） and calculated the apparent velocities （βapp） for 224 components in the sources with the A-CDM model. We checked the relationships between their proper motions, redshifts,βapp and 5 GHz flux densities. Our analysis shows that the radio emission is strongly boosted by the Doppler effect. The superluminal motion and the relativistic beaming boosting effect are, to some extent, the same in active galactic nuclei.

Calculation of Activity Coefficients for Components in Ti-15-3 Melt

Based on Kohler’s ternary solution model and Miedemaa’s model for calculating the heats of formation-△Hij of binary Systems, the integral equation has ben established for calculating the activity coefficients in ternarysolution. With the equation, the activity coefficients in Ti-15-3 melt have been calculated. The results show that allof components’ activity coefficients are less than 1, in other wolds, compared with ideal solution, all components takeon a negative deviation. At 2000K, the activity coefficients in Ti-15-3 melt are shown as: about 0.9 for Ti, about0.85 for V, about 0. 1 for Al, aboaut 0.5 for Cr and about 0.23 for Sn. me addition of V lowers the activity coefficient of Ti, but raise the ones of Al, Cr and Sn. These results can be directly used to calculate the evaporation loss ofAl, Cr and Sn during the ISM(Induction Skull Melting) process and at the same time estimate the reactivity betweenTi-15-3 melt and refractory during the cast production.

Semiannual velocity variations around the 2008 M_w 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake fault zone revealed by ambient noise and ACROSS active source data

We continuously monitor the long-term seismic velocity variation of one of the major ruptured faults of the devastating 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake in China from July 2009 to January 2012,jointly using accurately controlled routinely operated signal system active source and seismic noise-based monitoring technique.Our measurements show that the temporal velocity change is not homogeneous and highly localized in the damaged fault zone and the adjacent areas.Velocity variations from the active and passive methods are quite consistent,which both are characterized by ±0.2 % seasonal variation,with peak and trough at winter and summer,respectively.The periodic velocity variation within fault zone exhibits remarkably positive correlation with barometric pressure with stress sensitivity in the order of 10-6Pa-1,suggesting that the plausible mechanism might be the crack density variation of the shallow subsurface medium of the damaged fault zone in response to the cyclic barometric pressure loading.

STRUCTURE,MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND BIOACTIVITIES OF(1→3)-β-D-GLUCANS AND ITS SULFATED DERIVATIVES FROM FOUR KINDS OF LENTINUS EDODES

Lentinan samples,(1→3)-β-D-glucans containing 4.6-15.2 wt% proteins,coded as L-I_1 L-I_2 L-I_3 and L-I_4(L-I)were isolated from four kinds of Lentinus edodes.These glucans were treated with acetone to remove the protein in orderto obtain free protein glucans coded as LNP-I_1,LNP-I_2.LNP-I_3 and LNP-I_4(LNP-I).The free-protein polysaccharideswere sulfated to give derivatives(S-LNP-I)with degree of substitution(DS)from 0.4-0.8.The structural features andweight-average molecular weight(M_w)of the samples were investigated by using infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,^(13)C-NMR,size exclusion chromatography combined with laser light scattering(SEC-LLS)and viscometry.The effects ofstructure and conformation of the polysaccharides on antitumor activities were assayed in vivo(Sarcoma 180 solid tumors)and in vitro(Sarcoma 180,HL-60,MCF-7 and Vero tumors).The results indicated that the predominant species of thesamples L-I and LNP-I in 0.2 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution existed as triple-helical chains with high rigidity and in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)as single-flexible chains.Interestingly,the antitumor activities of LNP-I are lower than those of the nativeglucans(L-I),whereas their sulfated derivatives have higher inhibition ratio against Sarcoma 180 than LNP-I.The resultsreveal that the binding of protein,sulfated modification and the triple helix conformation are important factors in theenhancement of the antitumor activities of polysaccharides on the whole.

Characterization and Anti-tumor Activity of Glycopeptides from Ganoderma sinensis

The water-soluble part（GS） of Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang was divided into high molecular（GS-H） and low molecular（GS-L） parts by Cellulose Super Filtration, and GS was also fractionated into four fractions, GS-1, 2, 3, and 4 by ethanol precipitation according to their molecular weights. Chemical analysis shows that GS and GS-1, 2, 3, 4 were complexes of polysaccharide and peptide. The fractions with molecular weights over 4000, GS-1, 2, 3, and GS-H show anti-tumor activities, however, the fractions with molecular weights lower than 4000, GS-4, and GS-L have no anti-tumor activity, indicating that the anti-tumor activity of Ganoderma Sinensis was caused by glucopeptides with molecular weight ranging from 4000 to 20000. Two purified glucopeptides, GS-6b and GS-7b were obtained from GS-H by ion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography. Their molecular weights, glycosidic linkages, and configurations were detected by means of IR spectrum, sugar composition analysis, and methylation analysis. The polysaccharide parts of GS-6b and GS-7b had glucan backbone consisting of β-1→3 Glc, and side chain containing glucosyl, mannosyl, fucosyl, xylosyl, galactosyl, and glucuronic acid residues attached on 1-2, 1-4, 1-6 positions of the backbone of GS-6b, or 1-6, 1-4 positions of the backbone of GS-7b. The peptide parts in GS-6b and GS-7b were composed of 10 kinds of amino acids, including Asp, Ser, Arg, Gly, Thr, Pro, Ala, Val, Met, and Lys.

Physiological roles of mitogen-activated-protein-kinase-activated p38-regulated/activated protein kinase

Mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)are a family of proteins that constitute signaling pathways involved in processes that control gene expression,cell division, cell survival,apoptosis,metabolism,differentiation and motility.The MAPK pathways can be divided into conventional and atypical MAPK pathways.The first group converts a signal into a cellular response through a relay of three consecutive phosphorylation events exerted by MAPK kinase kinases,MAPK kinase,and MAPK.Atypical MAPK pathways are not organized into this three-tiered cascade.MAPK that belongs to both conventional and atypical MAPK pathways can phosphorylate both non-protein kinase substrates and other protein kinases.The latter are referred to as MAPK-activated protein kinases.This review focuses on one such MAPK-activated protein kinase,MAPK-activated protein kinase 5(MK5)or p38-regulated/activated protein kinase(PRAK).This protein is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom and seems to be the target of both conventional and atypical MAPK pathways.Recent findings on the regulation of the activity and subcellular localization,bona fide interaction partners and physiological roles of MK5/PRAK are discussed.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of (E)-4-tert-Butyl-N-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-thiazol-2-amine

The title compound （E）-4-tert-butyl-N-（2,4-dichlorobenzylidene）-5-（1,2,4-triazol-1-yl）-thiazol-2-amine was synthesized by the reaction of 4-tert-butyl-5-（1,2,4-triazol-1-yl）-thiazol-2-amine with 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde, and its crystal structure was determined by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 7.9748（4）, b = 10.1803（5）, c = 11.4603（6）, α = 102.882（1）, β = 100.253（1）, γ = 104.457（1）°, V = 850.95（7）3, Z = 2, F（000） = 392, C16H15Cl2N5S, Mr = 380.29, Dc = 1.484 g/cm3, S = 1.095, μ = 0.512 mm-1, the final R = 0.0301 and wR = 0.0965 for 3334 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The preliminary antitumor activity shows that for the title compound the IC50 of Hela is 0.175 μmol/mL and that of Bel7402 is 0.156 μmol/mL.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fungicidal Activity of N-(4-tert-buty)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)propionamide

The title compound has been synthesized by the reaction of 4-tert-butyl-5-（1,2,4- triazol-1-yl）-2-aminothiazole with propionic anhydride, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group Pbca with α = 18.441（2）, b = 8.3284（9）, c = 19.257（2） A, Z = 8, V = 2957.5（5） A3, Mr = 279.37, Dc = 1.255 mg/m3, S = 1.033, μ =0.219 mm^-1, F（000） = 1184, the final R = 0.0349 and wR = 0.0876 for 2629 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray crystal structure presents the intermolecular N–H···N hydrogen bond, which plays an important role in stabilizing the crystal structure. The preliminary bioassay indicates that the title compound exhibits potent fungicidal activity against R. Solani （25 mg/L） with inhibition rate of 80.0%.

Studies on Condensed Heterocyclic Compounds(Ⅲ)——Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of 3-(4-Pyridyl)-6-Alkyl/Aromatic Heterocyclyl-s-Triazolo[3,4-b]-1, 3,4-Thiadiazoles and 1,4-Bis [6-(4-Pyridyl)-s-Triazolo [3,4-b]-1, 3,4-Thiadiazol-3-yl]-n-Butane

In recent years, fused heterocycles have been reported to possess important properties in synthesis and pharmacology. Especially, s-triazolo, 3,4-thiadiazole derivatives have been attracting much attention for chemists and pharmacologists because they show broad spectra of biological activities, such as antifungal, antibacterial, hy-

<i>Streptomyces zerumbet</i>, a Novel Species from <i>Zingiber zerumbet</i>(L.) Smith and Isolation of Its Bioactive Compounds

Streptomyces zerumbet W14, a novel species of the endophyte genus Streptomyces was isolated from the rhizome tissue of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith. Identification of strain W14 was based on its morphology, chemotaxonomy and phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA sequence. It was classified as the secondary meabolites of the culture extract were studied. The major active ingredients from the crude extract were purified by silica gel column chromatography and identified by spectroscopic data. The crude extract and purified compounds were tested for their biological activities on antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The crude extract showed inhibition on the growth of Gram-positive bacteria with the MIC and MBC values of 8 - 32 μg/ml and 32 - 128 μg/ml, respectively. The isolated compounds were identified to be methyl 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylate (1) and geldanamycin (2). Bioassay studies showed that compound 1 had antibacterial activity against Staphylococus aureus ATCC 25923 and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus strain Sp6 (clinical isolate) with the MIC and MBC values of 1 μg/ml and 16 - 64 μg/ml, respectively, and also showed activity against Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (vaccine strain) with MIC and MBC values of 128.00 μg/ml and 128.00 μg/ml, respectively. The compound 2 at the concentration of 1 - 5 μg/ml had in vitro anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells by inhibition of mRNA expression and production of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These results suggest that compounds 1 and 2 produced by S. zerumbet W14 (an endophyte of Z. Zerumbet) have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively. Therefore, the future studies on these compounds could be useful for the management of bacterial infections and inflammatory diseases.