PROGRESS OF RESEARCH IN THE PREPARATION OF CHINESE TRADITIONAL AND HERBAL DRUGS WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY

Research into anticancer substances madefrom Chinese herbal drugs and their clinicalapplication is gaining international attention bythe medical profession of the more than 20analogues of camptothecine isolated from Camp-totheca tree in China, most exhibited anticanceractivity. Among them, 10-hydroxycamptothe-cine has a wide anticancer spectrum and is lesstoxic. In suspension, it exhibits some therapeu-tic effects on primary hepatic cancer, gastriccarcinoma, cancer of the urinary bladder andleukemia.

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Irritable Bowel Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology

In recent years,using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to reveal the therapeutic targets of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)has become a research hotspot.This paper summarizes 31 studies of traditional Chinese medicine for IBS by domestic and foreign scholars,and expounds the action mechanism of single drug,drug pair and compound prescription in the treatment of IBS from the aspects of drug activity,action target,biological process and pathway analysis.It also discusses the shortcomings and prospects of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research,and provides reference for expanding the research ideas of traditional Chinese medicine in treating IBS.

Accurate construction of cell membrane biomimetic graphene nanodecoys via purposeful surface engineering to improve screening efficiency of active components of traditional Chinese medicine

Biomimetic nanoengineering presents great potential in biomedical research by integrating cell membrane(CM) with functional nanoparticles. However, preparation of CM biomimetic nanomaterials for custom applications that can avoid the aggregation of nanocarriers while maintaining the biological activity of CM remains a challenge. Herein, a high-performance CM biomimetic graphene nanodecoy was fabricated via purposeful surface engineering, where polyethylene glycol(PEG) was used to modifying magnetic graphene oxide(MGO) to improve its stability in physiological solution, so as to improve the screening efficiency to active components of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). With this strategy, the constructed PEGylated MGO(PMGO) could keep stable at least 10 days, thus improving the CM coating efficiency. Meanwhile, by taking advantage of the inherent ability of He La cell membrane(HM) to interact with specific ligands, HM-camouflaged PMGO showed satisfied adsorption capacity(116.2 mg/g) and selectivity. Finally, three potential active components, byakangelicol, imperatorin,and isoimperatorin, were screened from Angelica dahurica, whose potential antiproliferative activity were further validated by pharmacological studies. These results demonstrated that the purposeful surfaceengineering is a promising strategy for the design of efficient CM biomimetic nanomaterials, which will promote the development of active components screening in TCM.

黄芪免疫调节活性成分及其药理作用进展

免疫性疾病发生率逐年增长,目前免疫抑制剂、糖皮质激素、生物制剂等为其主要治疗手段,但存在治疗过度、治疗不足、毒副作用大等问题。黄芪及其有效成分免疫调节活性显著,具有双向调节免疫、抗炎、抗氧化应激、抗肿瘤等药理作用,在治疗肿瘤、重症肌无力、炎症性肠病、特应性皮炎、银屑病等免疫性疾病方面疗效突出。黄芪可多途径、多靶点防治免疫性疾病,现综述黄芪及其活性成分(黄芪皂苷Ⅲ、黄芪皂苷Ⅳ、环黄芪醇及黄酮类化合物)调节免疫的作用及机制,为后续临床研究提供依据。

Challenges and strategies in progress of drug delivery system for traditional Chinese medicine Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(Danshen)

Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs), with a history of thousands of years, are widely used clinically with effective treatment. However, the drug delivery systems(DDSs) for TCMs remains major challenges due to the characteristics of multi-components including alkaloids, flavones, anthraquinones, glycosides,proteins, volatile oils and other types. Therefore, the novel preparations and technology of modern pharmaceutics is introduced to improve TCM therapeutic effects due to instability and low bioavailability of active ingredients. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the radix and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(Danshen in Chinese), is a well known Chinese herbal medicine for protecting the cardiovascular system, with active ingredients mainly including lipophilic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids.In this review, this drug is taken as an example to present challenges and strategies in progress of DDSs for TCMs. This review would also summary the characteristics of active ingredients in it including physicochemical properties and pharmacological effects. The purpose of this review is to provide inspirations and ideas for the DDSs designed from TCMs by summarizing the advances on DDSs for both singleand multi-component from Danshen.

Research Progress of the Wild Medicinal Plant,Pinellia ternata

Based on literature reviews and analysis of research reports on Pinellia ternata found locally and abroad in recent years,this article summarizes and arranges them.The research on Pinellia ternata mainly focuses on its cultivation,tissue culture,and so on.There are only a few research on its active components and its regulation mechanism.The wild resources of Pinellia ternata are gradually decreasing,hence it is urgent to take effective measures to protect these wild resources as well as to establish germplasm resources bank and nursery.In order to meet the needs of the domestic market,it is necessary to investigate the distribution of wild Pinellia ternata resources,explore the best growing environment and conditions,artificially cultivate Pinellia ternata,as well as implement resource industrialization,sustainable development,and utilization.

多维色谱技术在中药复杂成分分析中的应用进展

中药复杂成分分析是中医药研究中的关键环节,对于揭示中药药效物质基础、指导临床用药以及推动中药现代化进程具有重要意义。由于中药成分的多样性和复杂性,往往难以全面、准确地鉴定及完成其定量分析过程。近年来,多维色谱技术作为一种高效的分离分析手段,已用于中药复杂成分分析。该技术利用不同色谱模式的特点,实现对复杂样品的高分辨率分离,从而提高了中药成分分析的准确性和分析效率。本综述重点总结了多维色谱技术在中药复杂成分分析中的应用进展,包括色谱及多维色谱技术的概述、不同类型的多维色谱系统应用场景及优势、多维色谱技术在中药复杂成分分析的应用领域。同时,对多维色谱技术面临的挑战与解决方案进行了分析,并对未来的发展方向提出了展望。

中药调节肠道菌群缓解药物性肝损伤的研究进展

药物性肝损伤是由化学药物、膳食补充剂和草药产品等引起的肝脏损伤疾病,其极易发展为肝衰竭,且在其发生发展的同时常伴随肠道菌群的变化。中药多成分、多靶点的治疗特点可以通过调节肠道菌群、改善肠道屏障、降低炎症因子水平等减轻药物性肝损伤。对中药干预肠道菌群缓解药物性肝损伤的作用进行总结,以期对中药治疗药物性肝损伤的机制研究提供参考。

基于中医“肾-脑-骨”轴探讨女贞子及其活性成分的多脏器药理作用及潜在调控机制

女贞子作为一种传统的补益肝肾中药,在中医药临床应用中具有重要地位。随着现代科技的发展,对女贞子的药理学活性研究也日益深入。“肾-脑-骨”轴的概念源于“肾主骨,生髓,通于脑”的中医理论,女贞子的多脏器药理学活性与该理论内涵具有紧密的契合点。基于“肾-脑-骨”轴的理论基础,旨在探讨女贞子及其活性成分的多脏器药理学作用及潜在调控机制,以期为临床应用与药物开发提供理论依据。

多变量统计过程控制技术在药品生产过程中的应用

介绍了多变量统计过程控制(multivariate statistical process control,MSPC)的基本概念和有关背景。描述了MSPC实施的基本流程以及常用统计量与控制图。强调了MSPC在药品生产过程中的重要作用,特别是中药领域,为药品生产过程质量控制方法的选择提供参考。总结了MSPC的优势和不足,并展望了MSPC在药品生产和质量控制方面的发展趋势。

中药有效成分对银屑病角质形成细胞凋亡的调控作用及机制的研究进展

细胞凋亡是一种程序性细胞死亡过程,具有维持皮肤平衡的功能。在银屑病中,细胞凋亡障碍表现为角质形成细胞异常增殖。传统中药对角质形成细胞凋亡具有调控作用,以抑制银屑病表皮过度增殖、促进表皮正常分化、维护表皮稳态,且具有不良反应少、作用靶点多的优势。因此,该文对中药中多种有效成分通过干预相关因子、信号通路等以诱导银屑病角质形成细胞凋亡的具体机制进行总结分析,以期为中药治疗银屑病提供参考。

治疗肺部疾病的中药活性成分可吸入纳米给药系统研究进展

肺部给药能直接将药物运送至肺部,是肺部疾病的优选给药方式。中药活性成分如槲皮素、紫杉醇等对肺部疾病具有良好的治疗效果,但其存在水溶性差和肺清除率高等问题。将中药活性成分负载在纳米给药系统中,可提高药物的水溶性、稳定性及其在肺部的渗透性和滞留性。基于此,本研究综述了治疗肺部疾病的中药活性成分可吸入纳米给药系统的研究进展,发现有基于壳聚糖、脂质(包括脂质体、固体脂质纳米粒、纳米结构脂质载体)、靶向配体(包括靶向叶酸受体、靶向转铁蛋白受体、外泌体)的中药活性成分可吸入纳米给药系统,这些纳米给药系统综合考虑了粒径、表面电荷和疏水性等关键因素,可避免药物被黏液、纤毛和巨噬细胞清除,具有较好的应用潜力。

原发性肝癌中活血化瘀类常用中药的成分及作用分析

本文旨在分析活血化瘀法中对原发性肝癌常用中药的成分及作用。介绍了原发性肝癌的中药治疗历史及现状,阐述了现代药理研究方法在中药治疗中的应用。本文详细探讨了常用活血化瘀类中药及其现代药理研究,包括郁金、血竭、当归、桃仁、丹参、赤芍、红花、三棱、莪术、八月札等常用活血化瘀类药物,随后分别对这些中药的成分及其药效评价进一步地展开讨论,揭示活血化瘀法中常用中药的作用机制,包括活血散瘀、调和营血、消肿排脓、抗癌、增强机体免疫力、降低化疗副作用等方面。综上所述,本文强调了活血化瘀法中中药的重要性,这对于原发性肝癌的治疗以及预防有着重要的意义。

中药治疗子宫内膜异位症网络解析研究进展

子宫内膜异位症(Endometriosis,EMs)是育龄期妇女的常见疾病,亦为妇科界研究的疑难病种,临床根治率相对较低。中医药具有多成分多靶点的特点,可以通过干预不同疾病环节,在EMs的临床实践中发挥着日益重要的作用。网络药理学基于大数据库及高级算法,为中医药研究提供了新的方法和策略,广泛应用于中医药的研究中。整理归纳近年相关文献,对高频、有效治疗EMs的单味中药、中药药对、中药复方及中成药进行综述,发现中药可能通过抑制炎症因子水平、调节细胞凋亡自噬、调控异位血管生成、对抗氧化应激代谢等通路及生物学过程,从而干预雌激素受体、白细胞介素家族、前列腺素内过氧化物合酶、血管内皮生长因子等关键靶标起到抗EMs的治疗作用。然而,我们必须认识到中药尚存在靶点不明确、机制不清晰的缺陷,严重阻碍了其临床应用,限制了其临床推广。因此对网络药理学在中药研究中的应用进行展望,认为未来有必要运用生物信息学手段和科学前沿技术,深入构建中医药药理网络体系,为中医药的发展潜力和广阔前景提供坚实的技术支撑。

中药通过调控细胞自噬治疗支气管哮喘的研究进展

支气管哮喘(以下简称“哮喘”)是一种以慢性气道炎症和气道重塑为主要特征的异质性气道疾病,其发病机制复杂,发病率高且病情易反复。自噬在改善哮喘症状中发挥了重要的调控作用。中药活性成分(如黄酮类化合物、蒽醌类化合物、萜类化合物等)以及中药复方(如五虎汤、平喘颗粒、三子养亲汤等)可以通过调控自噬相关蛋白及信号通路,抑制气道炎性反应、减轻气道高反应、缓解气道重塑,从而起到治疗哮喘的目的。但目前研究多为基础研究,且证据质量不高,今后应深入开展高质量的临床与基础研究,以充分论证中药通过调控自噬治疗哮喘的科学性。

补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗的系统评价和Mate分析

目的采用Meta分析方法系统评价补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗的效果和安全性。方法计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Embase和Web of Science等数据库从建库至2022年11月有关补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗的临床随机对照试验(RCT),制定纳入和排除标准,筛选符合标准的文献。以给予补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮治疗的患者作为试验组,单纯给予孕三烯酮治疗的患者作为对照组,提取相关资料运用RevMan 5.4.1软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项RCT研究,涉及患者816例。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组的总有效率[比值比(OR)=2.35,95%CI(1.47,3.77),P=0.0004]、妊娠率[OR=2.34,95%CI(1.62,3.38),P<0.00001]显著增高,复发率[OR=0.38,95%CI(0.24,0.59),P<0.0001]、FSH水平[均数差(MD)=-1.53,95%CI(-1.87,-1.20),P<0.00001]、糖类抗原125(CA125)水平[MD=-13.53,95%CI(-16.78,-10.28),P<0.00001]及LH水平[MD=-1.64,95%CI(-1.86,-1.42),P<0.00001]显著降低;两组的不良反应发生率及E 2水平变化无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论与单纯使用孕三烯酮比较,补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗在提高治疗有效率及妊娠率、降低复发率等方面可能更有优势,但因为本研究纳入文献的数量及质量有限,后续仍需要更多高质量的RCT研究进一步验证。

甘肃祁连山冬虫夏草内生真菌的分离及其代谢产物活性评价

目的分离甘肃祁连山冬虫夏草内生真菌,并探讨其代谢产物的生物活性。方法采用3种不同培养基,用组织匀浆法和组织切块法对冬虫夏草不同部位内生真菌进行分离纯化。分别对其代谢产物的酶抑制活性、抗菌和抗氧化活性进行评价。利用形态学和分子生物学方法进行高活性菌株分类鉴定,利用现代色谱分离技术对高活性化学成分进行跟踪分离。结果分离得到42株内生真菌,发酵得到84个待测样品,对腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)抑制活性>40%者占比52%。其中高活性菌株Aspergillus sp.C-1乙酸乙酯相样品ADA抑制活性>90%,对5种供试菌均有抑菌活性,二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)和羟自由基清除率均>85%,总还原力为(0.039±0.002)mg的L-抗坏血酸(VC)当量,分子鉴定与Aspergillus fumigatus有99%同源性。追踪分离出2个具有ADA抑制活性的化合物,其中C1被鉴定为大黄素甲醚(physcion),IC_(50)为3.58 mmol/L。结论甘肃祁连山冬虫夏草内生真菌资源丰富且次级代谢产物具有良好的生物活性,是活性物质发现的良好来源。

A New Strategy in Drug Design of Chinese Medicine:Theory,Method and Techniques

The research and development （R＆D） process of Chinese medicine, with one notable feature, clinical application based, is significantly different from which of chemical and biological medicine, from laboratory research to clinics. Besides, compound prescription is another character. Therefore, according to different R＆D theories between Chinese and Western medicine, we put forward a new strategy in drug design of Chinese medicine, which focuses on ＂combination- activity relationship （CAR）＂, taking prescription discovery, component identification and formula optimization as three key points to identify the drugs of high efficacy and low toxicity. The method of drug design of Chinese medicine includes： new prescription discovery based on clinical data and literature information, component identification based on computing and experimental research, as well as formula optimization based on system modeling. This paper puts forward the concept,research framework and techniques of drug design of Chinese medicine, which embodies the R＆D model of Chinese medicine, hoping to support the drug design of Chinese medicine theoretically and technologically.

中药有效成分及复方调控巨噬细胞治疗腰椎间盘突出症研究进展

腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar disc herniation,LDH)多由风寒湿热邪侵袭或年老失养,肝肾亏虚;或因跌扑损伤,气血凝滞,经脉不利所致。故病机总属本虚标实,治疗应注重祛风除湿散寒、清热利湿、活血通络治其标,补益肝肾、强筋壮骨治其本。巨噬细胞极化在LDH发生进展中占有重要地位,能改善局部炎性微环境状态,发挥镇痛作用,是治疗LDH的潜在靶点。LDH中巨噬细胞相关的信号通路有:核因子-κB信号通路、NOD样受体热蛋白结构相关蛋白3炎症小体信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路、Notch信号通路等。中药有效成分及复方能够通过多途径调节巨噬细胞极化状态,恢复促炎/抗炎因子平衡,减缓LDH的进展。中药提取有效成分有:芦荟中的芦荟醇,骨碎补中的柚皮苷,姜黄中的姜黄素,秦艽、威灵仙中的木兰花苷,黄连中的小檗碱等。三痹汤、宣痹汤、血府逐瘀汤、独活寄生汤等为治疗LDH的代表复方。中药具有多靶点、多机制、疗效高、质优价廉、副作用少等的特点,靶向调控巨噬细胞极化,恢复腰椎间盘突出物局部炎症微环境平衡,可能是未来治疗LDH的潜在方向。目前,中药有效成分及其复方靶向调控巨噬细胞治疗LDH的研究中,对其作用机制的研究还非常有限,缺乏深层标准化的临床前证据与基础实验。因此,在未来的研究中,需加强中药有效成分与复方对调控巨噬细胞极化的研究,明确中药复方调控巨噬细胞治疗LDH的具体作用机制,为研制延缓腰椎间盘退变的新型药物,以及中医药更好的应用提供可靠依据。

中药源手性药物研究进展与述评

手性化合物在自然界中广泛存在。许多天然药物分子均含有手性中心,且药物的药理活性与分子的手性结构密切相关。在已知的传统中药体系中,存在着大量的手性药物分子,这些药物分子被广泛应用于各类临床治疗诊断中。因此,研究手性分子在中药中的存在形式和作用机制,对于深入探索中药的药理、药效至关重要。以中药中的手性天然药物分子为研究对象,旨在阐述其手性结构、化学与生物合成方法、药理活性与手性的相关性,以及手性药物在临床应用中的重要进展,探讨中药源手性药物研发的前景。